Image analysis of a tourist destination: Malaga, Spain

The destination image is multidimensional in nature and the knowledge the individuals have of the destination and also their personal traits and opinions play an important role in it. Therefore, it is a complex construction in which the different information sources are decisive. Thus, the destination image plays a key role in both marketing and tourism location. The city of Malaga, located in Southern Spain, lies on the Costa del Sol (Coast of the Sun), a tourist area largely identified with seaside tourism. In recent years Malaga city has been trying to distance itself from the “sun and sand” tourism segment and it has chosen to position itself as a cultural destination (Diario Sur, 2014; The New York Times, 2015). In this regard, the effectiveness of the image of Malaga differentiated from a seaside destination image is analysed in the present study. The main objective of this research is to perform an analysis of the current image of the city and of the target one. A detailed study of the obtained results will enable us to take a close look at the tourists’ attitudes towards Malaga city and it will provide us with information to improve or design new differentiation strategies. This is the first academic study on Malaga’s destination image. Malaga is a Spanish municipality in Andalusia and it is located, as already mentioned, in the Costa del Sol, beside the Mediterranean Sea. The city had 566,913 inhabitants (2014) and an accommodation supply of 9,598 bed places and nearly one million of tourists (2013). We decided to focus the research on Malaga city, on the Costal del Sol, Spain, a traditionally touristic place which in the recent years is trying to specialize in urban and cultural tourismUniversidad de Málaga, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech2018-01-0

Mango : high plant density phenology and degree-days

La alta densidad en el cultivo del mango es una solución factible para incrementar la producción. Sin embargo, no se tiene información sobre la influencia que el ambiente, como un todo, o a través de determinados factores, ejerce sobre las distintas fases de desarrollo del cultivo ni de cómo este manejo agronómico modifica el microclima. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la fenología del mango y el cálculo de los grados- días bajo un sistema de alta densidad de población para evaluar las relaciones fenología-ambiente en Maracay (Venezuela). Al comparar los cultivares se observa que cada variedad presenta un patrón de fenofases diferentes. El tratamiento de poda + PBZ modificó la fenología de los cultivares. Pareciera que la poda favorece la acumulación de grados-días en Springfels y Haden. Es necesario continuar las evaluaciones un mínimo de tres años.The use of high plant density in mango is a posible solution to increase the production of this crop. However, there is no information about the influence that the environment, either as a whole or through specific factors, exerts on different phases of cultivar development. Also, it is unknown how the agricultural management by using high density of population can modify the microclimate of the crop. The objective of this work was to characterize the mango phenology and calculate the degree-days under a system of high density of population to evaluate the relationship between mango phenology and environment in Maracay (Venezuela). When cultivars were compared among them, it was observed that each variety had a different pattern of phonological phases. The treatment of prune + PBZ modified the phenology of the cultivars. It appears that pruning favors the accumulation of degree-days in Springfels and Haden cultivars. It is necessary to continue the evaluations, at least, for 3 years.Fil: Azkue, Mercedes. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas (Venezuela)Fil: Avilan, Luis.Fil: Puche, Marelia. Universidad Central de Venezuel

Euskaleriko oitura ta sineskeritxo bat edo beste

En Euskal Herria como en todos los lugares del mundo hay muchas creencias y costumbres que muchas veces afectan a la vida cotidiana. Algunas de ellas son mencionadas junto con ejemplos de costumbres de varios países europeosIn the Basque Country, as in other places the world over, there are many beliefs and mores which often affect daily life. Some of them are mentioned together with examples of mores from various other European countrie

Regulation of Nociceptive Plasticity Threshold and DARPP-32 Phosphorylation in Spinal Dorsal Horn Neurons by Convergent Dopamine and Glutamate Inputs

Dopamine can influence NMDA receptor function and regulate glutamate-triggered long-term changes in synaptic strength in several regions of the CNS. In spinal cord, regulation of the threshold of synaptic plasticity may determine the proneness to undergo sensitization and hyperresponsiveness to noxious input. In the current study, we increased endogenous dopamine levels in the dorsal horn by using re-uptake inhibitor GBR 12935. During the so-induced hyperdopaminergic transmission, conditioning low-frequency (1 Hz) stimulation (LFS) to the sciatic nerve induced long-termpotentiation (LTP) of C-fiber-evoked potentials in dorsal horn neurons. The magnitude of LTP was attenuated by blockade of either dopamine D1-like receptors (D1LRs) by with SCH 23390 or NMDA receptor subunit NR2B with antagonist Ro25-6981. Conditioning LFS during GBR 12935 administration increased phosphorylation of dopamine-and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of Mr 32kDa (DARPP-32) at threonine 34 residue in synaptosomal (P3) fraction of dorsal horn homogenates, as assessed by Western blot analysis, which was partially prevented by NR2B blockade prior to conditioning stimulation. Conditioning LFS also was followed by higher co-localization of phosphorylated form of NR2B at tyrosine 1472 and pDARPP-32(Thr34)-with postsynaptic marker PSD-95 in transverse L5 dorsal horn sections. Such increase could be significantly attenuated by D1LR blockade with SCH 23390. The current results support that coincidental endogenous recruitment of D1LRs and NR2B in dorsal horn synapses plays a role in regulating afferent-induced nociceptive plasticity. Parallel increases in DARPP-32 phosphorylationupon LTP induction suggests a role for this phosphoprotein as intracellular detector of convergent D1L- and NMDA receptor activation.This work was supported by the Basque Government (Eusko Jaurlaritza), Grant IT782-13 to JJA, URL: http://www.euskadi.eus and by the Ministerio de Economia y Compettividad(Spanish Government), Grant SAF2013-44533-P to JJA, URL: www.mineco.gob.es

The Elaboration of human anatomy terminology for the Basque language : the contribution of translators, linguists and experts

En aquest article comparem la traducció d'un atles d'anatomia amb la revisió que es va encarregar a experts i lingüistes. L'objectiu és avaluar la mena de contribució que poden fer traductors, lingüistes i experts en l'elaboració de la terminologia de l'anatomia humana en basc. Analitzem les oracions que mostren discordances entre la traducció i la revisió respecte de les unitats lèxiques i les regles de formació usades. Hem observat que les correccions fetes pels experts i lingüistes tendeixen a substituir préstecs i calcs de regles de formació per unitats i estructures genuïnes. Arribem a la conclusió que les polítiques de planificació lingüística que pretenen proporcionar recursos terminològics propis en detriment de solucions dependents d'altres llengües no han estat assumides pels traductors per l'opacitat semàntica de la terminologia de l'anatomia i per la morfologia transparent del basc en comparació amb la del castellà.In this paper we compare the translation of an atlas of anatomy with the review that was carried out by experts in human anatomy and linguists. The goal is to evaluate the type of contribution that translators, linguists and experts can make in the elaboration of the terminology of human anatomy in Basque. We analyzed the sequences that showed discordances between translation and review with respect to the lexical units and the term formation patterns used. We found that the corrections made by experts and linguists show a clear tendency to replace lexical loanwords and calqued term formation rules by genuine elements and structures. We conclude that the aims of language planning policies of gradually providing the language with terminological resources that are less dependent on other languages have not been met by translators due to the semantic opacity of anatomical terminology and the transparent morphology of Basque compared with Spanish

True-color 3D rendering of human anatomy using surface-guided color sampling from cadaver cryosection image data: A practical approach Jon Jatsu Azkue

Three-dimensional computer graphics are increasingly used for scientific visualization and for communicating anatomical knowledge and data. This study presents a practical method to produce true-color 3D surface renditions of anatomical structures. The procedure involves extracting the surface geometry of the structure of interest from a stack of cadaver cryosection images, using the extracted surface as a probe to retrieve color information from cryosection data, and mapping sampled colors back onto the surface model to produce a true-color rendition. Organs and body parts can be rendered separately or in combination to create custom anatomical scenes. By editing the surface probe, structures of interest can be rendered as if they had been previously dissected or prepared for anatomical demonstration. The procedure is highly flexible and nondestructive, offering new opportunities to present and communicate anatomical information and knowledge in a visually realistic manner. The technical procedure is described, including freely available open-source software tools involved in the production process, and examples of color surface renderings of anatomical structures are provided

External surface anatomy of the postfolding human embryo: Computer-aided, three-dimensional reconstruction of printable digital specimens

Opportunities for clinicians, researchers, and medical students to become acquainted with the three-dimensional (3D) anatomy of the human embryo have historically been limited. This work was aimed at creating a collection of digital, printable 3D surface models demonstrating major morphogenetic changes in the embryo's external anatomy, including typical features used for external staging. Twelve models were digitally reconstructed based on optical projection tomography, high-resolution episcopic microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging datasets of formalin-fixed specimens of embryos of developmental stages 12 through 23, that is, stages following longitudinal and transverse embryo folding. The reconstructed replica reproduced the external anatomy of the actual specimens in great detail, and the progress of development over stages was recognizable in a variety of external anatomical features and bodily structures, including the general layout and curvature of the body, the pharyngeal arches and cervical sinus, the physiological gut herniation, and external genitalia. In addition, surface anatomy features commonly used for embryo staging, such as distinct steps in the morphogenesis of facial primordia and limb buds, were also apparent. These digital replica, which are all provided for 3D visualization and printing, can serve as a novel resource for teaching and learning embryology and may contribute to a better appreciation of the human embryonic development

Calendar Ageing Model for Li-Ion Batteries Using Transfer Learning Methods

Getting accurate lifetime predictions for a particular cell chemistry remains a challenging process, largely dependent on time and cost-intensive experimental battery testing. This paper proposes a transfer learning (TL) method to develop LIB ageing models, which allow for the leveraging of experimental laboratory testing data previously obtained for a different cell technology. The TL method is implemented through Neural Networks models, using LiNiMnCoO2/C laboratory ageing data as a baseline model. The obtained TL model achieves an 1.01% overall error for a broad range of operating conditions, using for retraining only two experimental ageing tests of LiFePO4/C cells

Embedding interactive, three-dimensional content in portable document format to deliver gross anatomy information and knowledge

The Portable Document Format (PDF) is likely the most widely used digital file format for scholarly and scientific electronic publishing. Since format specification version 1.6, three-dimensional (3D) models in Universal 3D (U3D) format can be embedded into PDF files. The present study demonstrates a repertoire of graphic strategies and modes of presentation that exploit the potentials of 3D models embedded in PDF to deliver anatomical information and knowledge. Three-dimensional models and scenes representing anatomical structures generated by 3D surface scanning or by segmentation from either clinical imaging data or cadaver sectional images were converted into U3D format and then embedded into PDF files using both freely and commercially available software. The relevant steps and required software tools are described. Built-in tools in Adobe Acrobat and JavaScript scripting both were used to pre-configure user interaction with 3D contents. Eight successive proof-of-concept examples of increasing complexity are presented and provided as supplementary material, including both unannotated and annotated 3D specimens, use of bitmap-textures, guided navigation through predetermined 3D scenes, 3D animation, and interactive navigation through tri-planar sectional human cadaver images. Three-dimensional contents embedded in PDF files are generally comparable to multimedia and dedicated 3D software in terms of quality, flexibility, and convenience, and offer new unprecedented opportunities to deliver anatomical information and knowledg