A measurement of the millimetre emission and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect associated with low-frequency radio sources

We present a statistical analysis of the millimetre-wavelength properties of 1.4GHz-selected sources and a detection of the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) effect associated with the haloes that host them. We stack data at 148, 218 and 277GHz from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope at the positions of a large sample of radio AGN selected at 1.4GHz. The thermal SZ effect associated with the haloes that host the AGN is detected at the 5σ level through its spectral signature, representing a statistical detection of the SZ effect in some of the lowest mass haloes (average M 200 ≈ 10 13 M. h −1 70 ) studied to date. The relation between the SZ effect and mass (based on weak lensing measurements of radio galaxies) is consistent with that measured by Planck for local bright galaxies. In the context of galaxy evolution models, this study confirms that galaxies with radio AGN also typically support hot gaseous haloes. Adding Herschel observations allows us to show that the SZ signal is not significantly contaminated by dust emission. Finally, we analyse the contribution of radio sources to the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background

Fact and fiction in housing research: utilizing the creative imagination

As much of our conceptual framework is informed by the experience of the imagination, there is much to be learnt from a study of various creative forms. Narrative fiction can be one such form, allowing us to gain a useful insight into complex features of social life. The purpose of this article is to investigate the treatment of housing issues in contemporary literature in order to gain insights into attitudes, experiences and interpretations from the perspective of a broad cultural milieu. Discussions of professionalism, housing tenure and homelessness have tended to be conducted within a narrow framework and adopted orthodox modes of evaluation. Consequently, the neglect of housing within a wider cultural context has reinforced the isolation of housing issues. The article argues that although discussions of housing and housing policy have been seriously limited within the contemporary novel, there are a number of key insights that can be gained from a discussion of issues within a fictional setting

An Axial Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometer for Upper Atmospheric Measurements

As the “shoreline” of the Earth’s atmosphere, the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT) region is home to many interesting and important phenomena, the most visible of which are the auroras. Geomagnetic storms, in addition to causing very intense auroral activity, also deposit large amounts of energy into the earth’s ionosphere. Recent analysis of data from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument aboard the Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite suggests that 5.3μm emission from vibrationally excited NO is the main method of energy dissipation from energy deposited by geomagnetic storms. Additionally, NO+ has been shown to be the major contributor to geomagnetic storm induced 4.3μm nighttime emission. In order to better physically understand these two large sources of geomagnetic storm energy dissipation, a sounding rocket mission, ROCKet-borne Storm Energetics of Auroral Dosing in the E-region (ROCK-STEADE) is being proposed. The ROCK-STEADE instrument suite consists of several photometers, an interferometer, an IR spectrometer, and two time-of-flight mass spectrometers (TOFMS). The TOFMS will measure the ion and neutral compositions in the atmosphere as the sounding rocket travels through the MLT. Due to the use of microchannel plate (MCP) detectors in TOFMS, one of the major challenges to making measurements in the MLT is the high ambient pressure. Other challenges and sources of error and background include stray UV photons, scattering of gas molecules from the interior surfaces of the instrument, dissociation of molecules in the bow shock caused by the supersonic rocket flight, and reactive recombination at the surfaces of the instrument. Methods of dealing with these challenges include: • Recent advances in MCP technology allowing MCP operation into the mtorr range • Cooling the front surface of the TOFMS using liquid He to eliminate the bow shock (thus making possible the direct sampling of the ambient atmosphere) • Cryogenically cooling the interior of the instrument to eliminate scattering of gas from instrument walls and therefore also reducing the contribution of reactive recombination • Rigorous error analysis to account for the background contribution of stray U

Generation of peptide-specific cytotoxic T cells and presence of regulatory T cells during vaccination with hTERT (class I and II) peptide-pulsed DCs

Optimal techniques for DC generation for immunotherapy in cancer are yet to be established. Study aims were to evaluate: (i) DC activation/maturation milieu (TNF-α +/- IFN-α) and its effects on CD8+ hTERT-specific T cell responses to class I epitopes (p540 or p865), (ii) CD8+ hTERT-specific T cell responses elicited by vaccination with class I alone or both class I and II epitope (p766 and p672)-pulsed DCs, prepared without IFN-α, (iii) association between circulating T regulatory cells (Tregs) and clinical responses

Structural evidence that the polymerization rate dictates order and intrinsic strain generation in photocured methacrylate biomedical polymers

The influence of reaction rate on the evolving polymer structure of photo-activated dimethacrylate biomedical resins was investigated using neutron and in situ synchrotron X-ray scattering with simultaneous Fourier-transform-near-infrared spectroscopy. Previous studies have correlated the degree of reactive group conversion with mechanical properties, but the impact of polymerization rate on the resultant polymer structure is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the medium-range structural order at the functional end groups of these materials is dependent on the reaction rate. Accelerating polymerization increases correlation lengths in the methacrylate end groups but reduces the medium-range structural order per converted vinyl bond when compared with more slowly polymerized systems. At faster rates of polymerization, the conformation of atoms at the reacting end group can become fixed into the polymer structure at the onset of autodeceleration, storing residual strain. Neutron scattering confirms that the structural differences observed are reproduced at longer length scales. This effect is not as prominent in systems polymerized at slower rates despite similar final degrees of reactive group conversion. Results suggest that current interpretations of these materials, which extrapolate mechanical properties from conversion, may be incomplete. Accelerating polymerization can introduce structural differences, which will dictate residual strain and may ultimately explain the discrepancies in the predictive modeling of the mechanical behavior of these materials using conventional techniques

Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters

We present results based on full-mission Planck observations of temperature and polarization anisotropies of the CMB. These data are consistent with the six-parameter inflationary LCDM cosmology. From the Planck temperature and lensing data, for this cosmology we find a Hubble constant, H0= (67.8 +/- 0.9) km/s/Mpc, a matter density parameter Omega_m = 0.308 +/- 0.012 and a scalar spectral index with n_s = 0.968 +/- 0.006. (We quote 68% errors on measured parameters and 95% limits on other parameters.) Combined with Planck temperature and lensing data, Planck LFI polarization measurements lead to a reionization optical depth of tau = 0.066 +/- 0.016. Combining Planck with other astrophysical data we find N_ eff = 3.15 +/- 0.23 for the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom and the sum of neutrino masses is constrained to < 0.23 eV. Spatial curvature is found to be |Omega_K| < 0.005. For LCDM we find a limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio of r <0.11 consistent with the B-mode constraints from an analysis of BICEP2, Keck Array, and Planck (BKP) data. Adding the BKP data leads to a tighter constraint of r < 0.09. We find no evidence for isocurvature perturbations or cosmic defects. The equation of state of dark energy is constrained to w = -1.006 +/- 0.045. Standard big bang nucleosynthesis predictions for the Planck LCDM cosmology are in excellent agreement with observations. We investigate annihilating dark matter and deviations from standard recombination, finding no evidence for new physics. The Planck results for base LCDM are in agreement with BAO data and with the JLA SNe sample. However the amplitude of the fluctuations is found to be higher than inferred from rich cluster counts and weak gravitational lensing. Apart from these tensions, the base LCDM cosmology provides an excellent description of the Planck CMB observations and many other astrophysical data sets

Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND)—Iron Review

This is the fifth in the series of reviews developed as part of the Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND) program. The BOND Iron Expert Panel (I-EP) reviewed the extant knowledge regarding iron biology, public health implications, and the relative usefulness of currently available biomarkers of iron status from deficiency to overload. Approaches to assessing intake, including bioavailability, are also covered. The report also covers technical and laboratory considerations for the use of available biomarkers of iron status, and concludes with a description of research priorities along with a brief discussion of new biomarkers with potential for use across the spectrum of activities related to the study of iron in human health. The I-EP concluded that current iron biomarkers are reliable for accurately assessing many aspects of iron nutrition. However, a clear distinction is made between the relative strengths of biomarkers to assess hematological consequences of iron deficiency versus other putative functional outcomes, particularly the relationship between maternal and fetal iron status during pregnancy, birth outcomes, and infant cognitive, motor and emotional development. The I-EP also highlighted the importance of considering the confounding effects of inflammation and infection on the interpretation of iron biomarker results, as well as the impact of life stage. Finally, alternative approaches to the evaluation of the risk for nutritional iron overload at the population level are presented, because the currently designated upper limits for the biomarker generally employed (serum ferritin) may not differentiate between true iron overload and the effects of subclinical inflammation

2006 AAPP Monograph American Series

The African American Professors Program (AAPP) at the University of South Carolina is proud to publish the sixth edition of its annual monograph series. The program recognizes the significance of offering its scholars a venue for engaging actively in research and for publishing papers related thereto. Parallel with the publication of their refereed manuscripts is the opportunity to gain visibility among scholars throughout institutions worldwide. Scholars who have contributed manuscripts for this monograph are to be commended for adding this additional responsibility to their academic workloads. Writing across disciplines adds to the intellectual diversity of these papers. From neophytes, relatively speaking, to an array of very experienced individuals, the chapters have been researched and comprehensively written. Founded in 1997 through the Department of Educational Leadership and Policies in the College of Education, AAPP was designed to address the underrepresentation of African American professors on college and university campuses. Its mission is to expand the pool of these professors in critical academic and research areas. Sponsored by the University of South Carolina, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation, and the South Carolina General Assembly, the program recruits doctoral students for disciplines in which African Americans currently are underrepresented among faculty in higher education. The continuation of this monograph series is seen as responding to a window of opportunity to be sensitive to an academic expectation of graduates as they pursue career placement and, at the same time, one that allows for the dissemination of AAPP products to a broader community. The importance of this monograph series has been voiced by one of our 2002 AAPP graduates, Dr. Shundele LaTjuan Dogan, a former Program Officer for the Southern Education Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia, a former Administrative Fellow at Harvard University, and currently a Senior Program Officer with the Arthur M. Blank Foundation, focusing on the Pathways to Success Initiative. Dr. Dogan wrote: One thing in particular that I want to thank you for is having the African American Professors Program scholars publish articles for the monograph. I have to admit that writing the articles seemed like extra work at the time. However, in my recent interview process, organizations have asked me for samples of my writing. Including an article from a published monograph helped to make my portfolio much more impressive. You were \u27right on target\u27 in having us do the monograph series. {AAPP 2003 Monograph, p xi) The African American Professors Program offers this 2006 publication as a contribution to its readership and hopes that you will be inspired by this select group of manuscripts. John McFadden, Ph.D. The Benjamin Elijah Mays Professor Director, African American Professors Program University of South Carolinahttps://scholarcommons.sc.edu/mcfadden_monographs/1008/thumbnail.jp

The problematic relationship between knowing how and knowing that in secondary art education

This is a postprint of an article whose final and definitive form has been published in the Oxford Review of Education© 2005 Copyright Taylor & Francis; Oxford Review of Education is available online at http://www.informaworld.comThis article explores and attempts to rectify current conceptual confusion found in secondary art education in the UK between procedural knowledge or 'knowing how' and declarative knowledge or 'knowing that'. The paper argues that current practice confuses procedural knowledge with declarative knowledge. A corollary is that assessment evidence for 'knowing how', which is shown or demonstrated, is confused with assessment evidence for 'knowing that', which requires spoken or written forms of reporting. The confusion is replicated in the national examination, the General Certificate of Secondary Education, taken by students at the age of 16. The article traces this confusion to three dualisms: the Cartesian dualisms of mind and body, an individual mind and the distributed mind of culture, and the more recent mind-in-brain hemisphere dualism. The article advocates a Wittgensteinian embodied, socio-cultural view of mind as a way of solving the current conceptual confusion that prevails in art education in the UK

Calibration of a soft secondary vertex tagger using proton-proton collisions at s=13 TeV\sqrt{s}=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Several processes studied by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider produce low-momentum -flavored hadrons in the final state. This paper describes the calibration of a dedicated tagging algorithm that identifies -flavored hadrons outside of hadronic jets by reconstructing the soft secondary vertices originating from their decays. The calibration is based on a proton-proton collision dataset at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $140  fb^{−1}$. Scale factors used to correct the algorithm’s performance in simulated events are extracted for the -tagging efficiency and the mistag rate of the algorithm using a data sample enriched in $t\overline{t}$ events. Several orthogonal measurement regions are defined, binned as a function of the multiplicities of soft secondary vertices and jets containing a -flavored hadron in the event. The mistag rate scale factors are estimated separately for events with low and high average numbers of interactions per bunch crossing. The results, which are derived from events with low missing transverse momentum, are successfully validated in a phase space characterized by high missing transverse momentum and therefore are applicable to new physics searches carried out in either phase space regime