The Spermatophore in Glossina morsitans morsitans: Insights into Male Contributions to Reproduction.

Male Seminal Fluid Proteins (SFPs) transferred during copulation modulate female reproductive physiology and behavior, impacting sperm storage/use, ovulation, oviposition, and remating receptivity. These capabilities make them ideal targets for developing novel methods of insect disease vector control. Little is known about the nature of SFPs in the viviparous tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae), vectors of Human and Animal African trypanosomiasis. In tsetse, male ejaculate is assembled into a capsule-like spermatophore structure visible post-copulation in the female uterus. We applied high-throughput approaches to uncover the composition of the spermatophore in Glossina morsitans morsitans. We found that both male accessory glands and testes contribute to its formation. The male accessory glands produce a small number of abundant novel proteins with yet unknown functions, in addition to enzyme inhibitors and peptidase regulators. The testes contribute sperm in addition to a diverse array of less abundant proteins associated with binding, oxidoreductase/transferase activities, cytoskeletal and lipid/carbohydrate transporter functions. Proteins encoded by female-biased genes are also found in the spermatophore. About half of the proteins display sequence conservation relative to other Diptera, and low similarity to SFPs from other studied species, possibly reflecting both their fast evolutionary pace and the divergent nature of tsetse's viviparous biology

Changes in Physiological Parameters and Some Antioxidant Enzymes Activities of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) Leaves Under Cadmium and Salt Stress

The combined effect of cadmium stress (0,5 mM Cd(NO 3)2) and salt stress (100 mM NaCl) on growth, lipid peroxidation and activities of some antioxidant enzymes were studied in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) leaves. Shoot lenghts were not changed under all groups. But fresh and dry weight were decreased under salt treatment alone and Cd treatment alone. The decrease was more in the group of combined of Cd and salt treatment. Although APX activity increased under salt treatment alone and combined of Cd and salt treatment, GR activity increased under Cd treatment alone and combined of Cd and salt treatment. Nevertheless DHAR activity increased only in combined of Cd and salt stress. MDA content increased under all groups but it was more in the combined of Cd and salt stress which indicates that salinity is more harmful with cadmium stress in soybean plants. Thus, it was concluded that some of antioxidant enzymes (APX, GR, DHAR) increased their activity under combined of Cd and salt treatment but they were not efficient to protect oxidative damage from soybean plants by alleviating the lipid peroxidation

Measures of non-compactness in Orlicz modular spaces

In this paper we show that the ball measure of non-compactness of a norm bounded subset of an Orlicz modular space $L^\psi$ is equal to the limit of its $n$-widths. We also obtain several inequalities between the measures of noncompactness and the limit of the $n$-widths for modular bounded subsets of $L^\psi$ which do not have $\Delta_2$-condition. Minimum conditions on $\psi$ to have such results are specified and an example of such a function $\psi$ is provided

Performance measures for object detection evaluation

Cataloged from PDF version of article.We propose a new procedure for quantitative evaluation of object detection algorithms. The procedure consists of a matching stage for finding correspondences between reference and output objects, an accuracy score that is sensitive to object shapes as well as boundary and fragmentation errors, and a ranking step for final ordering of the algorithms using multiple performance indicators. The procedure is illustrated on a building detection task where the resulting rankings are consistent with the visual inspection of the detection maps. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Inequality and Procedural Justice in Social Dilemmas

This study investigates the influence of resource inequality and the fairness of the allocation procedure of unequal resources on cooperative behavior in social dilemmas. We propose a simple formal behavioral model that incorporates conflicting selfish and social motivations. This model allows us to predict how inequality influences cooperative behavior. Allocation of resources is manipulated by three treatments that vary in terms of procedural justice: allocating resources randomly, based on merit, and based on ascription. As predicted, procedural justice influences cooperation significantly. Moreover, gender is found to be an important factor interacting with the association between procedural justice and cooperative behavior.

Final structure & design parameters of TARLA RF system

Doğan, Mehmet Sinan (Dogus Author) -- Conference full title: 5th International Particle Accelerator Conference, IPAC 2014; International Congress Center DresdenDresden; Germany; 15 June 2014 through 20 June 2014Turkish Accelerator and Radiation Laboratory in Ankara (TARLA) is an oscillator mode IR-FEL facility which is under construction since 2011. ELBE licensed superconducting modules housing TESLA RF cavities have been manufacturing for one year and the first module will be delivered in 2015. He Cryogenic System has also started to be manufacturing at similar time with the accelerator structures. It will be delivered in 2014. High Power RF amplifiers are started to tender procedures and delivery time is planning as 2015. The installation of high power transmission lines have to be completed at the same time with the delivery date of HPRF amplifiers to test the cavities and amplifiers. In this study, the final structural design of high power RF transmission lines and design parameters of RF amplifiers for TARLA is discussed