Formulation of Decaffeinated Instant Coffee Effervescent Tablet

Decaffeinated coffee is an alternative for caffeine intollerant consumer as a safe and practical choice. However, since decaffeination process employ high temperature extraction, the coffee produced usually possesses inferior sensory qualities. This research was aimed to get an optimum formulation of effervescent coffee tablet that has good physical and sensory quality. In this research, effervescent coffee tablet was formulated with three different ratios of the decaffeinated instant coffee and effervescent reagent (citric acid and sodium bicarbonate), namely 1.5:1; 1:1; and 1:1.5 (w/w) weighed in 3 g per tablet serving. Sensory evaluation was carried out organoleptically in several criteria such as flavors, aromas, and colors on 40 mL, 80 mL, and 120 mL of the solution. Futher, physical quality evaluation was done by measuring its weight uniformity, hardness, friability, and run time which then calculated by statistic analytical method to decide the best formulation. Based on the result, the best formulation of effervescent coffee tablet was 1:1.5 (w/w) due to its shortest run time (4.2 minutes), good weight uniformity and hardness value, 1.16 ± 0.03 g/cm3 dan 6.7 ± 0.5 kg, respectively, while friability value was the smallest (2%) compared to other formulations. The brewing of this formulation in 40 mL water also had best sensory profiles in term of aroma, color and flavor

Inspeksi Fabrikasi Dan Ereksi Pada Konstruksi Baja Proyek Gedung P1-p2 Uk Petra Surabaya

Konstruksi baja merupakan hal yang sangat banyak dipakai secara luas sebagai konstruksi bangunan. Inspeksi yaitu memantau hasil proyek tertentu untuk menentukan apakah hasil proyek tersebut memenuhi standar kualitas yang sesuai dan megidentifikasi cara untuk menghilangkan penyebab kinerja yang tidak memuaskan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat melakukan inspeksi dalam fabrikasi dan ereksi konstruksi baja.Metode penelitian yaitu dimulai dengan pembuatan form checklist dengan referensi dari studi literatur. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan sistem pengamatan dan pencatatan secara langsung langsung. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan skala frekuensi dari data yang didapatkan.Hasil penelitian berupa analisa frekuensi setiap faktor inspeksi fabrikasi dan ereksi sebelum perbaikan dan setelah dilakukan perbaikan. Faktor yang paling sering tidak dilakukan dengan baik pada fabrikasi dan ereksi adalah pada proses penyimpanan

Perencanaan Dan Evaluasi Keselamatan Kerja Pekerjaan Pemancangan Pada Proyek “X” Di Surabaya

Pondasi adalah salah satu bagian struktur yang paling penting. Namun keselamatan kerjanya sering kali diremehkan dan tidak dilaksanakan sebagaimana mestinya. Penulis bermaksud untuk membuat penelitian yang bertujuan memahami tahap perencanaan keselamatan kerja pekerjaan pemancangan dan menghitung nilai keselamatan kerjanya dengan menggunakan indikator nilai Percentage of Safe Work Packages (PSW) melalui metode Safety Planning and Controlling (SPC). Selain itu juga untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang menjadi penyebab kegagalan pelaksanaan rencana keselamatan pada pekerjaan pemancangan. Data dikumpulkan dengan melakukan pengamatan rutin secara langsung selama 8 minggu di sebuah proyek konstruksi di Surabaya yang sedang berada pada tahap pekerjaan pondasi. Dari hasil pengamatan dalam rentang 8 minggu tersebut, penulis mendapati nilai Percentage of Safe Work Packages (PSW) dari pekerjaan pemancangan pada proyek tersebut memiliki rata-rata cukup rendah, yaitu sebesar 46,77%. Penyebab kegagalan yang paling utama adalah adanya pekerja yang tidak memakai alat pelindung diri seperti sebagaimana yang telah disyaratkan dalam Job Safety Analysis. Melalui hasil-hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keberadaan Job Safety Analysis belum dimanfaatkan secara tepat oleh kontraktor pemancangan. Tampak pula sikap pekerja yang mencerminkan ketidakpedulian mereka terhadap rencana keselamatan yang ada. Selain itu kontraktor juga cenderung tidak tegas terhadap rencana keselamatan kerja, yang menjadikan pekerja semakin tidak patuh kepada aturan-aturan tersebut

Assessing the Use of SAR/Optical Data Fusion and TensorFlow for Improved Mangrove Mapping

Mangrove forests are found in intertidal zones of tropical regions around the world and provide important ecological and economic benefits they are considered carbon sequesters, habitats for flora and fauna, and natural barriers to hurricanes and tsunamis. Wood from mangrove forests are used as fuel and building materials in surrounding coastal communities, therefore promoting local livelihoods. Despite the importance of these ecosystems, mangrove forests have historically been degraded in natural processes such as severe weather, and anthropogenic factors like conversion to agriculture and aquaculture. This study assesses change in mangrove forests in Nigeria and Mozambique from 2015 to 2018 using SAR and optical data fusion. Due to frequent cloud cover over the study area, SAR and optical data is fused to obtain gap-free imagery without clouds. Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-1 imagery is fused with TensorFlow, an open source platform used in developing machine learning models. The resulting images are classified to discriminate mangrove forest cover from other land cover types, and change is estimated using image differencing. Understanding the rates and magnitude of mangrove change across space and time can aid in identifying priority areas for forest regeneration, and can help construct sustainable management practices for the future

In-House RT-PCR Assay for Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

Serologic assays are commonly used for screening (ELISA) and for confirmation (Western blot) of HIV-1 infection; however, both assays have potentially yielded the false-positive or false-negative results. In this study, a diagnostic RT-PCR assay as an alternative test for detection of HIV-1 was developed. Forty-six plasma specimens from highly risky groups, who visited a voluntary counseling and testing for HIV (VCT) in Sanglah Clinic of General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, were tested by RT-PCR assay with specific primers for Pol region of HIV-1 genome. The results of the RT-PCR tests were then compared with those of serologic tests to obtain the sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR assay. The results of this study showed that the RT-PCR assay could detect 17 (sensitivity: 65.4%) of 26 serologically positive specimens and was unexpectedly able to detect 2 (specificity: 90%) of 20 serologically negative specimens. Thus, the RT-PCR assay developed in this study is potential to be used as an alternative test, even though there are numerous aspects, particularly the sensitivity, that need to be improved in further research

Perempuan dalam Islam (Mensinerjikan antara Peran Sosial dan Peran Rumah Tangga)

Islam asserts that men are the protectors for women, the physical superiority of men and women's reproductive organs should not be understood as an excess or a shortage, but both should be directed to perform its functions in proportion. Conceptually, the humanitarian aspects and the potential possessed between men and women, there is no difference between the two. Since the beginning of creation, women occupy a position equal to men, when God commanded something to the man, it also applies to women. Conversely when God commanded something to the woman, then that too applies to men. The role of women in Islam is seen as biased, it is true if it is deemed per-individual woman, not as a mechanism for rational that must be taken if we want to create the structure of a strong family in which the relationship between men and women support each other in order to achieve a harmonious family and happy and effort to organize the relationship between men and women in society in order to etiquette awake for the realization of the noble society and the superior nation

Bauran Pemasaran Pengaruhnya terhadap Minat Membeli Kembali Voucher Isi Ulang Telkomsel

Perusahaan operator telepon seluler memerlukan cara yang kreatif untuk mempengaruhi keputusan pembelian konsumen. Salah satu strategi dalam memenangkan pasar, yaitu strategi bauran pemasaran atau marketing mix. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh produk, promosi, harga dan tempat terhadap Minat Beli ulang Voucher Telkomsel pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis (FEB) Universitas Sam Ratulangi di kota Manado, penelitian ini menggunakan Metode asosiatif dengan teknik Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda dan sampel berjumlah 100 orang menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel Slovin. Hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa produk, promosi, harga dan tempat berpengaruh positif baik secara simultan maupun parsial terhadap keputusan pembelian ulang vouher isi ulang Telkomsel. Untuk meningkatkan kepuasan konsumen hendaknya pihak manajemen memberikan perhatian pada promosi dan harga sehingga dapat meningkatkan minat membeli ulang dari konsumen Kata kunci: produk, promosi, harga, tempat, keputusan pembelian ulan