THE FORENSIC MEDICAL ASPECTS OF CHILD MORTALITY AND APPROACHES OF ITS PREDICTION IN VOLGOGRAD REGION

The article analyzes the mortality of minors in the Volgograd region over the past five years. The number of deaths of children and adolescents in subsequent years is predicted, with the definition of further directions for studying the mortality of minors in other regions of the Russian Federation. With the help of the found mathematical model, a point and interval prediction of the mortality of children and adolescents in the Volgograd region was made and it was shown with what probability in 2018 and in 2019 one could expect the resulting number of deceased persons of the studied age. Further directions for studying the mortality of minors with the aim of reducing the preventable losses of the younger generation, improving the demographic situation in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have been determined.</jats:p

NEW ASPECTS IN STUDYING OF PARATHYROID MORPHOLOGY AS A CONDITION FOR PARATHYROIDECTOMY TECHNOLOGY OPTIMIZATION UNDER INTEGRATED APPROACH

The article provides information about the topography and morphology of the parathyroid gland depending on sex, age and ethno-territorial somatotypological features. Establishing of relations between shapes, sizes with topography and morphological parameters of parathyroid gland allow to predict the location of the parathyroid gland before operation, and therefore to optimize the performance of operations on the thyroid and parathyroid glands.</jats:p

MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND MODERN STRATEGIES OF TREATMENT OF MERKEL CELL CARCINOMA

The article provides an analysis of risk factors, pathogenesis and its molecular features, morphology and clinical picture of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) - a rare aggressive neuroendocrine tumor (NET) of the skin with a high frequency of recurrence and local metastasis. Modern methods of diagnosis and treatment, including surgical treatment. Clinical cases of CM are given.</jats:p

FORENSIC ASPECTS OF NON-MEDICAL CONSUMPTION OF PHENOBARBITAL IN THE TERRITORY OF VOLGOGRAD

The analysis of the structure of mortality from the toxic effect of phenobarbital in the city of Volgograd for the period 2014-2018 was carried out. It was revealed that the mortality rate as a result of taking phenobarbital for the indicated period more than doubled, especially among the working age population (35-50 years). When comparing this indicator with a similar one for the period 1994-1998 an increase in the number of lethal poisoning with phenobarbital by 26 % was noted. It was found that taking phenobarbital is often combined with other toxic substances (ethyl alcohol - in 36 % of cases, opiates and opioids - in 11 %, benzodiazepines - in 7 %, antidepressants and neuroleptics - in 6 %, etc.) In most cases, with phenobarbital poisoning, the presence of pathological signs of secondary cardiomyopathy, chronic ischemic heart disease, ventricular fibrillation, acute alveolar emphysema, edema of the substance and membranes of the brain, toxic encephalopathy, necronephrosis was revealed. The results obtained can be considered as additional data when conducting forensic medical diagnostics of acute phenobarbital poisoning and will be useful already at the stage of studying the primary documentation, as well as during the forensic medical examination of the corpse.</jats:p

COVID-19 IN YOUNG PATIENTS WITH COMORBIDAL PATHOLOGY ON THE BACKGROUND OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION (CASES REPORT)

Analyzed 2 deaths from pathological and forensic practice in order to show that comorbid diseases in young patients in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic increase the risk of an adverse outcome due to the potentiation of the systemic damaging action of the viral agent, decompensation of chronic therapeutic pathology, the development of acute complications and status, possible drug interactions. The management of this category of patients requires knowledge of the characteristics of a viral infection, its clinical manifestations in combination with comorbid diseases.</jats:p