Monoclonal antibodies against human astrocytomas and their reactivity pattern

The establishment of hybridomas after fusion of X63-Ag8.653 mouse myeloma cells and splenocytes from mice hyperimmunized against human astrocytomas is presented. The animals were primed with 5 × 106 chemically modified uncultured or cultured glioma cells. Six weeks after the last immunization step an intrasplenal booster injection was administrated and 3 days later the spleen cells were prepared for fusion experiments. According to the specificity analysis of the generated antibodies 7 hybridoma products (MUC 7-22, MUC 8-22, MUC 10-22, MUC 11-22, MUC 14-22, MUC 15-22 and MUC 2-63) react with gliomas, neuroblastomas and melanomas as well as with embryonic and fetal cells but do not recognize non-neurogenic tumors. The selected monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) of IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes are not extensively characterized but these antibodies have been demonstrated to be reactive with a panel of glioma cell lines with varying patterns of antigen distribution. Using the McAbs described above and a series of cryosections of glioma biopsies and paraffin sections of the same material as well as glioma cultures established from these, variable antigenic profiles among glioma cell populations could be demonstrated. From these results it is evident that there is not only a distinct degree of antigenic heterogeneity among and within brain tumors, but also that the pattern of antigenic expression can change continuously. Some of the glioma associated antigens recognized by the selected antibodies persist after fixation with methanol/acetone and Karnovsky's fixative and probably are oncoembryonic/oncofetal antigen(s). The data suggest that the use of McAbs recognizing tumor associated oncofetal antigens in immunohistochemistry facilitates objective typing of intracranial malignancies and precise analysis of fine needle brain/tumor biopsies in a sensitive and reproducible manner

Jail fever (epidemic typhus) outbreak in Burundi.

We recently investigated a suspected outbreak of epidemic typhus in a jail in Burundi. We tested sera of nine patients by microimmunofluorescence for antibodies to Rickettsia prowazekii and Rickettsia typhi. We also amplified and sequenced from lice gene portions specific for two R. prowazekii proteins: the gene encoding for citrate synthase and the gene encoding for the rickettsial outer membrane protein. All patients exhibited antibodies specific for R. prowazekii. Specific gene sequences were amplified in two lice from one patient. The patients had typical clinical manifestations, and two died. Molecular techniques provided a convenient and reliable means of examining lice and confirming this outbreak. The jail-associated outbreak predates an extensive ongoing outbreak of louse-borne typhus in central eastern Africa after civil war and in refugee camps in Rwanda, Burundi (1), and Zaire

Label-free live cell recognition and tracking for biological discoveries and translational applications

202506 bcwhVersion of RecordRGCOthersThis work was supported by Hong Kong Health Bureau (D.F.E.K.: Health Medical and Research Fund, 08190466; D.M.W.: Health Medical and Research Fund, 07180686), Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission (D.F.E.K.: Tier 3 Award, ITS/090/18; D.M.W.: ITS/ 333/18; D.F.E.K., D.M.W., and R.S.T.: Health@InnoHK programme), Hong Kong Research Grants Council (D.F.E.K.: Early Career Scheme Award, 24201720; General Research Fund: 14213922; D.M.W.: General Research Fund: 14118620 and 14121121), National Natural Science Foundation of China /Research Grants Council Joint Research Scheme (D.M.W.: N_CUHK409/23), and The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Startup Grant, DFEK). The support of the Lee Quo Wei and Lee Yick Hoi Lun Professorship in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (R.S.T.) is also gratefully acknowledged.PublishedC

Using expletives to enhance therapeutic outcomes: A case report

# Background Swearing deserves attention in the physical therapy setting due to its potential positive effects on pain, physical performance, and therapeutic alliance. The purpose of this case report is to describe the strategic use of swearing in the clinical setting. # Case Presentation A 44-year-old female completed an episode of physical therapy after undergoing patellofemoral arthroplasty. Swearing was formally included into the plan of care, and the patient swore out loud during the most challenging and painful interventions. # Results The patient reported that repeating a swear word was funny, distracted the patient, and made the patient feel more confident. The patient and physical therapist self-reported a strong therapeutic alliance. # Conclusion There is evidence repeating a swear word out loud can strengthen the therapeutic alliance, improve physical performance, and decrease pain. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of a patient swearing during an episode of physical therapy care

Fatores que influenciam o acesso aos serviços de saúde na visão de profissionais e usuários de uma unidade básica de referência

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o acesso de usuários de uma Unidade Básica de Referência (UBR) aos serviços de saúde de um município da região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 profissionais de saúde e aplicado questionário semiestruturado a 38 usuários. As entrevistas abordaram características do atendimento local, da equipe de saúde, dos usuários e da rede prestadora de serviços de saúde. Os questionários abordaram características sociodemográficas e de saúde dos usuários. A análise dos resultados das entrevistas e questionários foi apresentada com base nas dimensões estrutural (financiamento, cobertura), relacional (compreensão do processo saúde-doença) e operacional (organização dos serviços). Na dimensão estrutural, verificou-se que o subfinanciamento do sistema de saúde constitui uma dificuldade para o acesso aos serviços de saúde e para a implantação da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF); na dimensão relacional, a ausência de alinhamento sobre a estrutura e os fluxos de funcionamento do sistema de saúde impacta negativamente na relação do profissional com o usuário; e na dimensão operacional, profissionais de saúde e usuários relataram importantes lacunas tais como cobertura da ESF, marcação de consulta, acolhimento, barreiras geográficas, referência e contrarreferência. As informações obtidas neste trabalho são importantes para compreender os fatores que influenciam o acesso aos serviços de saúde da população estudada e colaborar para o desenvolvimento de estratégias voltadas para melhoria do acesso