"Any lady can do this without much trouble ...": class and gender in The dining room (1878)

Macmillan's "Art at Home" series (1876–83) was a collection of domestic advice manuals. Mentioned in every study of the late-nineteenth-century domestic interior, they have often been interpreted, alongside contemporary publications such as Charles Eastlake's Hints on Household Taste (1868), as indicators of late 1870s home furnishing styles. Mrs Loftie's The Dining Room (1878) was the series' fifth book and it considers one of the home's principal (and traditionally masculine) domestic spaces. Recent research on middle-class cultural practices surrounding food has placed The Dining Room within the tradition of Mrs Beeton's Household Management (1861); however, it is not a cookery book and hardly mentions dinners. Drawing upon unpublished archival sources, this paper charts the production and reception of The Dining Room, aiming to unravel its relationships with other contemporary texts and to highlight the difficulties of using it as historical evidence. While it offers fascinating insights into contemporary taste, class and gender, this paper suggests that, as an example of domestic design advice literature, it reveals far more about the often expedient world of nineteenth-century publishing practices

An evaluation of IMF surveillance of the euro area

The euro-area crisis has exposed deep deficiencies in the governance of European Economic and Monetary Union. However, crisis prevention in, and surveillance of, the euro area are not only the responsibility of European authorities. As members of the International Monetary Fund, all euro-areacountries are also subject to regular bilateral IMF surveillance. The currency union as a whole is also subject to regular IMF surveillance.This report analyses the IMFâ??s surveillance of the euro area. We find that it suffered from severe shortcomings in the run-up to the financial crisis, but after the start of the crisis in 2008, IMF surveillance of the euro area greatly improved, with the IMF correctly proposing measures to counter depression risks and warning about banking sector problems. By the time the sovereign-debt crisis hit the currency union in early 2010, the IMF was ready to play aninfluential role. The slow European response meant this was indispensable.

Studi Karakteristik Hasil Pengelasan MIG Pada Material Aluminium 5083

Proses pengelasan dilakukan dengan sebuah alat bantu pengelasan MIG, sehingga kecepatan pengelasan dan penetrasi yang diharapkan menjadi konstan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil pengelasan pengaruh variasi kecepatan terhadap cacat las yang terjadi, pengaruh variasi kecepatan pengelasan terhadap hasil uji tarik, dan mencari kecepatan pengelasan yang paling optimum. Penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan material aluminium alloy 5083, mesin las MIG dengan alat bantu pengelasan, filler rod AWS5356, dia. 1,2 mm, arus 135 A dan kecepatan wire feeder 8 m/menit dengan proses pendinginan alami. Variasi kecepatan pengelasan diberikan 250 mm/menit, 350 mm/menit, 450 mm/menit, 550 mm/menit, 650 mm/menit. Metode Non Destructive Test (NDT) dye penetrant untuk melihat cacat yang terjadi pada permukaan hasil pengelasan. Kemudian pengujian Destructive Test (DT) dengan melakukan uji tarik untuk mengetahui hasil kekuatan tarik.Cacat yang terjadi, yaitu pin hole dan crack. Ultimate Total Load tertinggi dihasilkan oleh pengelasan MIG menggunakan kecepatan 550 mm/menit dengan nilai 7938,41 kgf, sedangkan Ultimate Total Load terendah dihasilkan pada kecepatan 250 mm/menit dengan nilai 2629,35 kgf. Tensile Strenght terendah ada pada spesimen 250 mm/menit dengan nilai 6,83 kgf/mm² , sedangkan untuk nilai Tensile Strength tertinggi ada pada spesimen 550 mm/menit dengan nilai 20,43 kgf/mm².Kecepatan optimum berdasarkan pengujian tarik yaitu pada kecepatan 550 mm/menit

Peningkatan Kondisi Area Bahan Laboratorium Produksi Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kondisi area bahan pada Laboratorium Produksi Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik UNJ dengan menambah kapasitas rak bahan dan menerapkan salah satu 5S pada area bahan. Penelitian ini diawali dengan pembuatan gambar kerja. Apabila gambar kerja telah dibuat maka dilakukan penambahan kapasitas rak sesuai dengan gambar kerja, dan kemudian dilakukan penataan pada area bahan berdasarkan salah satu prinsip Kaizen (dalam hal ini Seiton). Setelah dilakukan salah satu langkah 5S berupa seiton atau penataan bahan-bahan praktik yang terdapat di lantai area bahan Laboratorium Produksi Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik UNJ dapat diletakkan di rak sehingga kondisi area bahan menjadi lebih rapi yang ditunjukkan dengan penempatan bahan praktik sesuai dengan jenisnya masing-masing

Perancangan Buku Panduan Wisata Kuliner Kota Surakarta

Kota Surakarta merupakan merupakan kota yang kaya akan tempat wisata khususnya wisata kulinernya. Kurangnya wawasan dan pengetahuan wisatawan mengenai kuliner kota Surakarta mendorong dibuatnya buku panduan wisata kuliner kota Surakarta ini. Buku ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk memberikan informasi dan membantu wisatawan yang datang ke kota Surakarta untuk mencari dan menemukan kuliner khas kota Surakarta dengan lebih mudah. Selain itu, dengan buku ini juga diharapkan mampu memperkenalkan kuliner khas kota Surakarta ke daerah luar kota Surakarta

An action plan for the European leaders

At the extraordinary EU Council of 21 July European leaders have to accomplish a triple-mission. First, they should pave the way to restoring solvency in Greece by initiating debt reduction. Softening the Greek debt burden implies i) reducing the interest rate on official lending, ii) requesting from the EFSF support for an immediate bond buy-back programme, and iii) asking the ESRB for an immediate evaluation of the risks to financial stability involved in a future restructuring of the sovereign debts in the euro area. Second, they should promote immediate growth-enhancing measures to be financed through unused EU structural funds and EIB loans (â?¬16bn). The available funds shall be used to i) raise the quality of higher education, ii) finance wage subsidies in manufacturing and tourism so as to generate an internal devaluation at contained domestic-demand costs; and ii) create research laboratories (i.e. lighthouse innovation projects) that would support an upgrading of the Greek value chain. Third, they should address risks to financial stability in the euro zone by breaking the vicious circle between sovereign debt and banking risk. The EFSF should be able to guarantee national deposit insurance schemes; at the same time, the European Banking Authority should assume stronger supervisory powers. This is an immediate action plans but of course more ambitious reforms are necessary down the road.

Evaluation of Clones for Scion and Dosage of NPK Fertilizer on Side Grafting of Smallholder Cacao

The productivity of cacao in Indonesia is still low, as most of cacao plants in farmers' plantation have grown old. Rejuvenation of old cacao plants needs a lot of cost and time, therefore, it requires a cheaper and faster alternative. One of the alternatives is rehabilitation through side grafting using scion from superior clones. The study was aimed to know the effect of ten cacao clones as scion and dosage of NPK fertilizer for side grafting of cacao plants. The research was conducted in cacao plantation, Way Kanan district, North Lampung, from 2012 to 2013. The split plot design with three replications was used in this study; with the main plot factor was the 10 cacao superior clones as scion i.e. K1 = PA150, K2 = Sca12, K3 = TSH 908, K4 = ICS60, K5 = TSH 858, K6 = IMC67, K7 = Sulawesi 02, K8 = Jumbo, K9 = Sulawesi 01, and K10 = ICCRI 04. The subplot factor was the NPK fertilizer dosage, i.e. P0 = without fertilizer, P1 = 300 g NPK, P2 = 600 g NPK, and P3 = 300 g NPK + 100 g mycorrhiza. Each of the expeimental unit consisted of 6 plants. The variables observed were the success level of side grafting, growth of shoot length and diameter of shoot stem. The results showed that the best success level and growth of shoot length of side grafting for cacao plantation in Way Kanan district, North Lampung was using scion obtained from TSH 908 and TSH 858 clones. Meanwhile, the optimal dosage of NPK fertilizer was 600 g/plant/year and 300 g/plant/year + 100 g mycorrhizal/plant