Antibiotic consumption monitoring at the Institute of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery - Clinical Center of Serbia in 2001-2003

Background. At the Clinical Center of Serbia (CCS), which includes 21 Institutes and 6 Centers, approximately 10% of the total annual budgetary funds is spent on the drugs. During the studied period, it was estimated that 0.5% of the above amount has been spent at the Institute for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial surgery (Institute for ORL and MFS), Clinical Center of Serbia. The aim of this study was to find out if these antibiotics had been used rationally by the monitoring of antibiotics in relation to the number of inpatients, and by the 5 most frequent diagnoses. Methods. The authors monitored the tree-year consumption of antibiotics for In hospital treated patients during the period 2001-2003. Data were obtained from the itemized quarterly report on the consumption by the Central Pharmacy of the CCS. Results. The results were statistically analyzed and presented in percentages and Defined Daily Dasages (DDD) for each group of the antibiotics. The results were analyzed in accordance with the World Health Organization Recommendations and the Guidelines. Conclusion. The authors concluded that antibiotics were adequately used at the Institute for ORL and MFS-CCS. The most commonly used antibiotics for grampositive infections were those from the penicillin and cephalosporin groups. According to the international trends and recommendations, the selected therapy was rational and the antibiotics consumption was cut down during the observed three-year period. It was a true confirmation that the recommendations for the rational antibiotics consumption had been fruitful (produced good results)

Systems of Hess-Appel'rot Type and Zhukovskii Property

We start with a review of a class of systems with invariant relations, so called {\it systems of Hess--Appel'rot type} that generalizes the classical Hess--Appel'rot rigid body case. The systems of Hess-Appel'rot type carry an interesting combination of both integrable and non-integrable properties. Further, following integrable line, we study partial reductions and systems having what we call the {\it Zhukovskii property}: these are Hamiltonian systems with invariant relations, such that partially reduced systems are completely integrable. We prove that the Zhukovskii property is a quite general characteristic of systems of Hess-Appel'rote type. The partial reduction neglects the most interesting and challenging part of the dynamics of the systems of Hess-Appel'rot type - the non-integrable part, some analysis of which may be seen as a reconstruction problem. We show that an integrable system, the magnetic pendulum on the oriented Grassmannian $Gr^+(4,2)$ has natural interpretation within Zhukovskii property and it is equivalent to a partial reduction of certain system of Hess-Appel'rot type. We perform a classical and an algebro-geometric integration of the system, as an example of an isoholomorphic system. The paper presents a lot of examples of systems of Hess-Appel'rot type, giving an additional argument in favor of further study of this class of systems.Comment: 42 page

The effect of the thermal component change on regional climate indices in Serbia

The study of climate changes is most often based on the analysis of time series of temperature and precipitation in urban areas and the increase in the emission of gases having a greenhouse effect. On the other hand, the selection of representative and relevant stations and comprehensive analysis of climate indicators lead to better and more exact assessments on climate changes at the regional level. In order to connect climate changes with agricultural, biological, socio-economic, and tourism databases, the paper deals with the dynamic analysis of changes in thermal component expressed through the values of regional climate indices in four climatological stations with different geographical positions in Serbia. There are significant differences between the two time series data (1961-1990 and 1991-2013) on temperature and humidity, precipitation, insolation, and wind speed. However, after using the climatic indices as a tool for assessing climate changes, the results of the study suggest the relative influence of the thermal component on the change of climate indices, with a slight increase in the index of significance for human activities. Relying on the results of this alternative approach to the study of climate changes, the fact remains that the climate is not fixed but highly variable factor that should be taken into consideration in terms of monitoring, evaluation, and management of the area

Use of low-energy electron-beam in the treatment of special food products with a high protein content

Special high-protein foods suitable for diabetics must be treated to ensure the complete absence of microorganisms and bacteria. It is also important to achieve that this treatment does not change the nutritional value of the product. Among the new decontamination technologies, low-energy electron-beam treatment has proven to be an effective technique for inactivating bacteria with minimal impact on food quality. The paper aims to analyze the influence of low-energy electron-beam irradiation on the microbiological properties and nutritional value of high-protein foods

Tourism as an Approach to Sustainable Rural Development in Post-Socialist Countries: A Comparative Study of Serbia and Slovenia

The research deals with the sustainable development of the Serbian and Slovenian countryside, under the influence of tourism progress. The article identifies the main rural tourism competitiveness in Serbia and Slovenia, as one of the essential factors of rural development in both countries, analyzing the main contributions and making a series of proposals to guide the future research agenda. The aim of the paper is to clarify around one obviously defined objective—to point out the competitiveness of sustainable rural tourism in typical post-socialist settings. The data for this study were collected using the Integrated Model of Destination Competitiveness to observe Serbian and Slovenian competitiveness in tourism. Determinants were assessed using a survey evaluating four demanding factors and 20 supporting factors, based upon a five-point Likert Scale. The results indicated that the friendliness of residents towards visitors, easy communication between them, together with quality of infrastructure and health facilities show the highest level of statistical correlation. These are the main propositions to start an initiative for the authorities in local communities to actively participate in sustainable rural development. The findings provide tourism stakeholders with relevant respondents’ perceptions pertaining to the tourism development in non-urban areas

Plan integrisanog monitoringa kvaliteta zemljišta kao indikatora kvaliteta životne sredine u Novom Sadu

U radu je prikazan plan integisanog upravljanja životnom sredinom na primeru kontrole kvaliteta zemljišta u gradu Novom Sadu u Republici Srbiji. S obzirom da ima veoma povoljan geografski položaj, Novi Sad je grad gde se prepliću važni magistralni putevi, ima sve veći priliv stanovništva, kao i brzi razvoj industrije i poljoprivrede. Usled navedenih činjenica postoji i povećano zagađivanje vazduha, vode i zemljišta, kao i generisanje velike količine otpada. Pored parkova i devastiranih područja u okolini industrijskih zona, rasprostranjena poljoprivredna delatnost u prigradskim delovima, naročito je osetljiva na kvalitet zemljišta i obrnuto. U ovoj studiji analizirani su geografska pozicija i geomorfološke karakteristike područja grada, kao i vodeći ekološki problemi. Na osnovu datih činjenica predložen je integrisani monitoring jednog od indikatora kvaliteta životne sredine, kvalitet zemljišta. Predložena je mreža od ukupno 15 senzora za merenje pH vrednosti, vlage i temperature zemljišta na teritoriji grada. Podaci o kvalitetu zemljišta koji se na ovakav način dobijaju u realnom vremenu veoma značajni su za eliminisanje ili ublažavanje potencijalnih nepoželjnih posledica. Zahvaljujući brzom razvoju tehnologije primena senzorskih mreža sve više se koristi u modernim sistemima monitoringa i dostupna je za efikasno i ekonomski isplativo rešavanje problema zaštite životne sredine

Effect of genotype on adipose tissue fatty acids profile of two autochthonous sheep breed

ΔΕΝ ΔΙΑΤΙΘΕΤΑΙ ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗThis research aimed to investigate the influence of different sheep genotype on the fatty acid profile of fatty tissue. Three months old lambs of Somborska cigaja (SC) breed and Čokanska cigaja (ČC) breed, the two different genotypes of autochthonous sheep, were used in the experiment. The fatty acid composition was determined in lambsadipose tissue samples. A total of sixty 24-week-old lambs were reared under standard productive conditions fed with compound concentrate feed and dried grass 5 weeks. Fatty acid profile analysis of lambs adipose tissue was performed on capillary gas chromatography with an FI detector. Total values of saturated fatty acids in the lambs adipose tissueranged from 53.70% (SC) to 54.87% (ČC) with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). In our research C18:1 fatty acid with cis-Δ9 configuration show significant differences (P < 0.05) between these two genotypes of lambs. Results of total PUFAs in our study indicate the significant influence of genotype (P < 0.05) adipose fatty acid profile of investigated two autochthonous sheep breeds. The recorded concentration of total PUFAs in SC amounted to 6.15%, while in ČC that amount was 4.69% with a significant difference, respectively. The obtained ratio of total n-6/n-3 fatty acids of 1.79 (SC), is highly lower compared to 21.33 obtained from ČC breed. According to obtain results, from the healthier aspect of consumer life, and decrease the incidence of possible inflammatory processes and disease, we would be recommended meat from Sobmorska cigaja as meat with better fatty acids profile

A contribution to studies of the ruderal vegetation of Southern Srem, Serbia

Floristic research investigating the presence and phytocoenological differentiation of ruderal vegetation, and how it is conditioned structurally and anthropogenically, was undertaken over a period of several years (2007-10) in the south Srem region. The ruderal flora of the research area comprised 249 plants categorized into 63 families, of which the most frequent were: Asteraceae (36), Poaceae (29), Fabaceae (18), Lamiaceae (15), Polygonaceae (15), Brassicaceae (11) and Rosaceae (11). Three ruderal communities are analyzed in this work: Asclepietum syriacae Kojić et al., 2004, as well as Chenopodio-Ambrosietum artemisiifoliae ass. nova and Amorpho-Typhaetum ass. nova, which are described for the first time. It was established that the level of moisture at the habitat, anthropogenic factors, and the immediate proximity to cultivated areas had the most pronounced effect on the differentiation of the researched vegetation.Projekat ministarstva br. 17301