Feedback Allocation For OFDMA Systems With Slow Frequency-domain Scheduling

We study the problem of allocating limited feedback resources across multiple users in an orthogonal-frequency-division-multiple-access downlink system with slow frequency-domain scheduling. Many flavors of slow frequency-domain scheduling (e.g., persistent scheduling, semi-persistent scheduling), that adapt user-sub-band assignments on a slower time-scale, are being considered in standards such as 3GPP Long-Term Evolution. In this paper, we develop a feedback allocation algorithm that operates in conjunction with any arbitrary slow frequency-domain scheduler with the goal of improving the throughput of the system. Given a user-sub-band assignment chosen by the scheduler, the feedback allocation algorithm involves solving a weighted sum-rate maximization at each (slow) scheduling instant. We first develop an optimal dynamic-programming-based algorithm to solve the feedback allocation problem with pseudo-polynomial complexity in the number of users and in the total feedback bit budget. We then propose two approximation algorithms with complexity further reduced, for scenarios where the problem exhibits additional structure.Comment: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Signal Processin

Treatment compliance in relation to source of referral and initial reaction to the diagnosis of tuberculosis

The source of referral and patient’s reaction to diagnosis were studied in relation to regularity of treatment in 107 patients attending Tuberculosis Research Centre (TRC), Chennai. In all, 29% of the patients were referred by family members, 27% by neighbours and friends, 11% attended on their own, private practitioners referred 18% and government facilities/NGOs referred 15%. The initial reactions to diagnosis of tuberculosis were anxiety, fear, worry and/or shock in 59%. Only 31% of the patients were hopeful of cure at the time. All those who attended on their own completed > 80% of treatment as did 90% of those who were hopeful of cure at the time of diagnosis. And, 86% of those who experienced a negative reaction (fear of death, anxiety and worry) completed > 80% of treatment

Extensible Component Based Architecture for FLASH, A Massively Parallel, Multiphysics Simulation Code

FLASH is a publicly available high performance application code which has evolved into a modular, extensible software system from a collection of unconnected legacy codes. FLASH has been successful because its capabilities have been driven by the needs of scientific applications, without compromising maintainability, performance, and usability. In its newest incarnation, FLASH3 consists of inter-operable modules that can be combined to generate different applications. The FLASH architecture allows arbitrarily many alternative implementations of its components to co-exist and interchange with each other, resulting in greater flexibility. Further, a simple and elegant mechanism exists for customization of code functionality without the need to modify the core implementation of the source. A built-in unit test framework providing verifiability, combined with a rigorous software maintenance process, allow the code to operate simultaneously in the dual mode of production and development. In this paper we describe the FLASH3 architecture, with emphasis on solutions to the more challenging conflicts arising from solver complexity, portable performance requirements, and legacy codes. We also include results from user surveys conducted in 2005 and 2007, which highlight the success of the code.Comment: 33 pages, 7 figures; revised paper submitted to Parallel Computin

Data Mining Techniques for Providing Network Security through Intrusion Detection Systems: a Survey

Intrusion Detection Systems are playing major role in network security in this internet world. Many researchers have been introduced number of intrusion detection systems in the past. Even though, no system was detected all kind of attacks and achieved better detection accuracy. Most of the intrusion detection systems are used data mining techniques such as clustering, outlier detection, classification, classification through learning techniques. Most of the researchers have been applied soft computing techniques for making effective decision over the network dataset for enhancing the detection accuracy in Intrusion Detection System. Few researchers also applied artificial intelligence techniques along with data mining algorithms for making dynamic decision. This paper discusses about the number of intrusion detection systems that are proposed for providing network security. Finally, comparative analysis made between the existing systems and suggested some new ideas for enhancing the performance of the existing systems

Learning Difficulties Among Dental Students- A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Learning difficulties also known as the learning disabilities are the conditions that impact on an individual’s ability to gain knowledge and skills. The common problem faced by dental students is learning subjects and doing practicals. Though many studies have been done on learning disabilities, this study gives detailed information on the problems faced by dental students. The main aim of this study is to create awareness on the difficulties faced by the dental students in learning the subjects and in doing practicals. An online survey was conducted among dental students to evaluate the learning difficulties. The study population are the 1st year dental students with a sample size of 100. 10 questions were circulated to the participants through an online survey link. Later the datas was analysed and made into pie charts. From this study, when asked about learning difficulties, the majority of the result shows that they have difficulty in learning that is nearly 75% and the rest felt easier. Nearly half of the students who feel difficulty in learning are trying to overcome their difficulty. From this survey, it was evident that most of the students have difficulty in learning dentistry. This study creates awareness among the students about the benefits and importance of overcoming the difficulty in learning

High-coverage sequencing and annotated assemblies of the budgerigar genome

BACKGROUND: Parrots belong to a group of behaviorally advanced vertebrates and have an advanced ability of vocal learning relative to other vocal-learning birds. They can imitate human speech, synchronize their body movements to a rhythmic beat, and understand complex concepts of referential meaning to sounds. However, little is known about the genetics of these traits. Elucidating the genetic bases would require whole genome sequencing and a robust assembly of a parrot genome. FINDINGS: We present a genomic resource for the budgerigar, an Australian Parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus) -- the most widely studied parrot species in neuroscience and behavior. We present genomic sequence data that includes over 300x raw read coverage from multiple sequencing technologies and chromosome optical maps from a single male animal. The reads and optical maps were used to create three hybrid assemblies representing some of the largest genomic scaffolds to date for a bird; two of which were annotated based on similarities to reference sets of non-redundant human, zebra finch and chicken proteins, and budgerigar transcriptome sequence assemblies. The sequence reads for this project were in part generated and used for both the Assemblathon 2 competition and the first de novo assembly of a giga-scale vertebrate genome utilizing PacBio single-molecule sequencing. CONCLUSIONS: Across several quality metrics, these budgerigar assemblies are comparable to or better than the chicken and zebra finch genome assemblies built from traditional Sanger sequencing reads, and are sufficient to analyze regions that are difficult to sequence and assemble, including those not yet assembled in prior bird genomes, and promoter regions of genes differentially regulated in vocal learning brain regions. This work provides valuable data and material for genome technology development and for investigating the genomics of complex behavioral traits

Awareness On Pterygoid Implant Among Dental Undergraduates

Introduction: Pterygoid implant has been defined as “implant placement through the maxillary tuberosity and into the pterygoid plate.” These implants were first introduced by Tulasne in 1989. The pterygoid implant originates in the tuberosity region and then follows an oblique mesiocranial direction proceeding posteriorly toward the pyramidal process; it subsequently proceeds upward between both wings of the pterygoid processes and finds its encroachment in the pterygoid or scaphoid fossa of the sphenoid bone. The length of these implants ranges from 15 to 20 mm, and they are generally placed at an angle of 45° to 50° to the horizontal planeThe success rates for all these different treatment possibilities seem to be similar. Therefore the need for engaging the implants at the level of the pterygoid plate is currently controversially discussed. Aim: To analyse the awareness of pterygoid implants among dental undergraduates. Materials And Methods: A questionnaire was prepared on google forms. It was distributed among 70 students. The data was transferred to excel and coding was done, the data was transferred to SPSS and statistical analysis was done. Results: Though 14% were still not aware when pterygoid implants can be used commonly. On doing the chi square test in regards to the awareness of pterygoid implant among undergraduates, along with a chi square value of 12.666, the p value was found to be 0.014, p<0.05, hence making the correlation statistically significant. The knowledge about the contraindications were also analysed and 60% of the participants who were aware of pterygoid implant were well aware of the contraindications. Conclusion: As future clinicians it is very important to know about the newer developments in the field of dentistry to provide a better treatment as well as for framing a fair treatment plan, the study shows that there still more than awareness needed in the respective topic of pterygoid implants

Fluoride Content in Water Bodies Near Velliangiri Hills

&nbsp;Water is an essential natural resource for sustaining life. However, chemical composition has to be balanced in the available water to make it useful, in the current era of economic growth many natural and man made water bodies are getting polluted and becoming unfit for human use. Traces of fluorides are present in many waters; higher concentrations are often associated with underground sources. In areas rich in fluoride-containing minerals, well water may contain up to about 10 mg of fluoride per litre. The highest natural level reported is 2800 mg/litre.Many epidemiological studies of possible adverse effects of the long-term ingestion of fluoride via drinking-water have been carried out. These studies clearly establish that fluoride primarily produces effects on skeletal tissues (bones and teeth). Low concentrations provide protection against dental caries, especially in children. Fluoride being one of the most abundant anions present in naturally existing water bodies, its benefits or demerits in water depends on the amount/concentration, the results on comparing the samples from drinking water and collected river water the total dissolved salts concentration is almost double in collected water than that of drinking water,therefore it’s not completely safe for drinking. Thus the tested sample is unfit for drinking purposes

Rate-Dependent Nucleation and Growth of NaO2 in Na-O2 Batteries

Understanding the oxygen reduction reaction kinetics in the presence of Na ions and the formation mechanism of discharge product(s) is key to enhancing Na–O2 battery performance. Here we show NaO2 as the only discharge product from Na–O2 cells with carbon nanotubes in 1,2-dimethoxyethane from X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Sodium peroxide dihydrate was not detected in the discharged electrode with up to 6000 ppm of H2O added to the electrolyte, but it was detected with ambient air exposure. In addition, we show that the sizes and distributions of NaO2 can be highly dependent on the discharge rate, and we discuss the formation mechanisms responsible for this rate dependence. Micron-sized (∼500 nm) and nanometer-scale (∼50 nm) cubes were found on the top and bottom of a carbon nanotube (CNT) carpet electrode and along CNT sidewalls at 10 mA/g, while only micron-scale cubes (∼2 μm) were found on the top and bottom of the CNT carpet at 1000 mA/g, respectively.Seventh Framework Programme (European Commission) (Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship, 2007-2013))National Science Foundation (U.S.) (MRSEC Program, award number DMR-0819762)Robert Bosch GmbH (Bosch Energy Research Network (BERN) Grant)China Clean Energy Research Center-Clean Vehicles Consortium (CERC-CVC) (award number DE-PI0000012)Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech-MIT Center for Electochemical Energy Storage