Detailed analysis of radiation data from the Gemini 4 and Gemini 7 proton-electron spectrometer experiments Final report, 13 Jun. 1967 - 30 Dec. 1968

Detailed analysis of radiation data from Gemini 4 and 7 proton-electron spectrometer experiment

The effects of the geosynchronous energetic particle radiation environment on spacecraft charging phenomena

The energetic electron environment at the geosynchronous orbit is responsible for a variety of adverse charging effects on spacecraft components. The most serious of these is the degradation and failure of a complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) electronic components as a result of internal charge-buildup induced by the energetic electrons. Efforts to accurately determine the expected lifetime of these components in this orbit are hampered by the lack of detailed knowledge of the electron spectrum and intensity, particularly of the more penetrating energies greater than 1.5 MeV. This problem is illustrated through the calculation of the dose received by a CMOS device from the energetic electrons and associated bremsstrahlung as a function of aluminum shielding thickness using the NASA AE-6 and the Aerospace measured electron environments. Two computational codes which were found to be in good agreement were used to perform the calculations. For a given shielding thickness the dose received with the two radiation environments differ by as much as a factor of seven with a corresponding variation in lifetime of the CMOS

Analysis of high resolution satellite data for cosmic gamma ray bursts

Cosmic gamma ray bursts detected a germanium spectrometer on the low altitude satellite 1972-076B were surveyed. Several bursts with durations ranging from approximately 0.032 to 15 seconds were found and are tabulated. The frequency of occurrence/intensity distribution of these events was compared with the S to the -3/2 power curve of confirmed events. The longer duration events fall above the S to the -3/2 power curve of confirmed events, suggesting they are perhaps not all true cosmic gamma-ray bursts. The narrow duration events fall closely on the S to the -3/2 power curve. The survey also revealed several counting rate spikes, with durations comparable to confirmed gamma-ray bursts, which were shown to be of magnetospheric origin. Confirmation that energetic electrons were responsible for these bursts was achieved from analysis of all data from the complete payload of gamma-ray and energetic particle detectors on board the satellite. The analyses also revealed that the narrowness of the spikes was primarily spatial rather than temporal in character

Моделювання еволюції надпотужних конвективних утворень над Кримом під час проходження смерчів

Предметом даного дослідження були умови формування осередків надпотужних вертикальних рухів, сильних вихорів та надпотужних конвективних утворень під час проходження смерчів над центральною частиною Криму 22 липня 2002 р. Тривимірні прогностичні мікрофізичні моделі фронтальних систем хмар з урахуванням та без урахування складного рельєфу, розроблені в УкрНДГМІ, було адаптовано до умов розвитку хмарності в екстремальних умовах розвитку смерчів. Проведено декілька серій чисельних експериментів для пошуку ключових параметрів, які спричиняли та визначали характер розвитку вихрових утворень і процесів, що їх супроводжують.Предметом исследования в работе были условия формирования ячеек сверхмощных вертикальных движений, сильных вихрей, сверхмощных конвективных образований во время прохождения смерчей над центральной частью Крыма 22 июля 2002 года. Трехмерные прогностические микрофизические модели с учетом и без учета орографии, разработанные в УкрНИГМИ, были адаптированы для условий эволюции фронтальных облачных систем в экстремальных условиях развития смерчей. Проведено несколько серий численных экспериментов с целью поиска ключевых параметров, определяющих характер развития вихревых образований и сопровождающих их явлений

Continuous Infusion of Escalated Doses of Amphotericin B Deoxycholate: An Open-Label Observational Study

Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmB-d) remains a mainstay of antifungal therapy for immunocompromised patients, despite being associated with significant therapy-related toxicity. Because continuous infusion of AmB-d is better tolerated than traditional administration over 2-6 hours, we evaluated escalation of the AmB-d dose in 33 patients (31 of whom were neutropenic), for whom the initial dosage of AmB-d (1 mg/kg/day) was gradually increased to 2.0 mg/kg/day when renal function remained stable and the drug was tolerated. Dose escalation was possible without delay in 28 patients. Median duration of AmB-d therapy was 16 days (range, 7-72 days). Infusion-related reactions accompanied 2-fold decrease in creatine clearance was observed in 5 patients, and the decrease was dose-limiting in only 1 patient; no dialysis was required. In conclusion, continuous infusion of AmB-d escalated to 2.0 mg/kg/day seems not to cause additional impairment of vital organ functions and to be well tolerated by most patient

Disseminated Invasive Aspergillosis with Cerebral Involvement Successfully Treated with Caspofungin and Voriconazole

We describe a case of cerebral aspergillosis which was successfully treated with a combination of caspofungin and voriconazole. The patient remains in remission 18 months after stopping antifungal treatment. We discuss primary and salvage therapy of invasive aspergillosis with focus on cerebral involvement. Since historical data showed a fatal outcome in most cases, amphotericin B does not cross the blood brain barrier while voriconazole does, we chose a combination of voriconazole plus caspofungin as primary therap