Influence Of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Viral Infection On Antioxidant Content In Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum)

Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) is one of the most significant and extensively grown vegetable crop all over the world. Tomato Leaf Curl Viral disease is one of the key viral diseases leading to loss in productivity across the country. Antioxidants existent in plants play a vital role in this defence. In order to understand the basis of the tolerance study of the variation in the level of antioxidants in tomato against viral infections was necessary. Our study therefore focuses on analysing the influence of TLCV infection on variation in antioxidant content in tomato plants. Various antioxidants including alkaloids, ascorbic acid, total phenol, saponin and flavanoids were compared in healthy controls and TLCV infected tomato cultivars for a period of 30 days post inoculation. Previous reports suggest an increase in the antioxidant content in tomato plants in response to bacterial and fungal infection. The mechanism of host plant tolerance to various infections consists of a series of changes in biochemical events. This study reveals significant increase in the amounts of antioxidants post infection with ascorbic acid showing maximum rise

Optimal Design of a Trickle Bed Reactor for Light Fuel Oxidative Desulfurization based on Experiments and Modelling

YesIn this work, the performance of oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT) in light gas oil (LGO) is evaluated with a homemade manganese oxide (MnO2/γ-Al2O3) catalyst. The catalyst is prepared by Incipient Wetness Impregnation (IWI) method with air under moderate operating conditions. The effect of different reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, liquid hour space velocity and initial concentration of DBT are also investigated experimentally. Developing a detailed and a validated trickle bed reactor (TBR) process model that can be employed for design and optimization of the ODS process, it is important to develop kinetic models for the relevant reactions with high accuracy. Best kinetic model for the ODS process taking into account hydrodynamic factors (mainly, catalyst effectiveness factor, catalyst wetting efficiency and internal diffusion) and the physical properties affecting the oxidation process is developed utilizing data from pilot plant experiments. An optimization technique based upon the minimization of the sum of the squared error between the experimental and predicted composition of oxidation process is used to determine the best parameters of the kinetic models. The predicted product conversion showed very good agreement with the experimental data for a wide range of the operating condition with absolute average errors less than 5%

Improvement of Newcastle disease virus vaccine by using gold nanoparticles and some natural food additives

       Newcastle is a disease consider is one of important poultry infectious diseases, it  cause highly significance economic loss for the poultry industry. 120 one day age chicks is divided into sexgroups (A,B,C,D,E,k) two first group injected with Newcastle vaccine mixed with gold nanoparticles in different  concentrations, third group vaccinated then fed Cinnamon powder mixed with bird feed, forth group Nigella stava seeds mixed with birds feed, fifth group Cinnamon oil mixed with vaccine and the last group injected with  vaccine only which consider as control group. Antibodies against Newcastle vaccine and interferon gamma titer are estimated in a different period after vaccination 14, 21, 28 and 35 days by ELISA method. Highly antibodies titer were found in third group after 35 days (0.60 ± 0.07) while the two first groups were given significant results elevated of antibodies during all periods of experiment compare to other groups (0.54).Results showed that there were a significance difference between the groups (A, B, C, D, and E) and control group (K).The study revealed that highest IFN level titer was in group (B) which was (1.91), followed by groups (E, A, K). At  5 weeks old chicks , the highest  level of IFN  was in group (A)(gold nanoparticles-vaccine group 50:50) (1.91) , followed in group (E , B, C) was ( 1.64 , 1.62 , 1.61).Significant differences(p< 0.05) were found between different groups during experiment tim

Improvement of Newcastle disease virus vaccine by using gold nanoparticles and some natural food additives

       Newcastle is a disease consider is one of important poultry infectious diseases, it  cause highly significance economic loss for the poultry industry. 120 one day age chicks is divided into sexgroups (A,B,C,D,E,k) two first group injected with Newcastle vaccine mixed with gold nanoparticles in different  concentrations, third group vaccinated then fed Cinnamon powder mixed with bird feed, forth group Nigella stava seeds mixed with birds feed, fifth group Cinnamon oil mixed with vaccine and the last group injected with  vaccine only which consider as control group. Antibodies against Newcastle vaccine and interferon gamma titer are estimated in a different period after vaccination 14, 21, 28 and 35 days by ELISA method. Highly antibodies titer were found in third group after 35 days (0.6

Molecular characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

International audienceABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods for the detection of known mutations has facilitated detecting specific red blood cell (RBC) enzyme deficiencies. We carried out a study on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient subjects in Jeddah to evaluate the molecular characteristics of this enzyme deficiency and the frequency of nucleotide1311 and IVS-XI-93 polymorphisms in the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene. RESULTS: A total of 1584 unrelated Saudis (984 neonates and 600 adults) were screened for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. The prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency was 6.9% (n=110). G6PD Mediterranean mutation was observed in 98 (89.1%) cases, G6PD Aures in 11 (10.0%) cases, and G6PD Chatham in 1 (0.9%) case. None of the samples showed G6PD A mutation. Samples from 29 deficient subjects (25 males and 4 females) were examined for polymorphism. The association of two polymorphisms of exon/intron 11 (c.1311T/IVS XI 93C) was observed in 14 (42.4%) of 33 chromosomes studied. This association was found in 9 (31.0%) carriers of G6PD Mediterranean and in 4 (13.8%) carriers of G6PD Aures. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of mutations were G6PD Mediterranean, followed by G6PD Aures and <1% G6PD Chatham. We conclude that 1311T is a frequent polymorphism in subjects with G6PD Mediterranean and Aures variants in Jeddah

Isolation and molecular characterization of β-tubulin gene from Arthrobotrys musiformis — A nematode trapping fungus

404-406A new isolate of Arthrobotrys musiformis, a naturally occurring predacious hyphomycete, has been found to be effective against Haemonchus contortus, a roundworm, which seriously affects milk and meat production in ruminants. However, further studies on the suitability of this fungus for use in integrated pest management (IPM) showed that it is highly susceptible to benzimidazole derivatives, which are the most common antihelmintics currently used for deworming cattle. β-tubulin plays a major role in conferring resistance to benzimidazols. The β-tubulin gene of A. musiformis was isolated from genomic DNA through PCR and sequenced. BLAST analysis revealed 95% homology with β-tubulin gene of A. oligospora followed by other filamentous fungi. The isolated gene lacks mutation, which confers susceptibility to benzimidazols in the gene sequence of A. musiformis