ECOSENSE: An Energy Consumption Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

AbstractThis paper ‘ECOSENSE’ proposes a medium access protocol derived for wireless sensor networks. Energy is a precious resource for wireless sensor networks, as sensor nodes are powered by small batteries. Various approaches have been proposed so far, to increase the life of wireless sensor networks. With the goal of developing a practical, efficient energy consumption protocol for wireless sensor networks, we introduced a threshold policy for the nodes in the entire network, where the sensors are distributed activated, whenever they are required. We calculated the life period of sensors and using priority levels and threshold values, we prolong the lifespan of sensor nodes. Scheduling is done according to the remaining life period of sensor nodes. We compare our algorithm with the existing S-MAC protocol and found considerably better due to its reconfigurable activation policy

Evaluation of Co-existence of Helicobacter pylori and candida in the Oral Cavity of Dyspeptic patients

In our group comprising of 70 subjects, 60 patients presented with symptomatic gastritis and 10 were asymptomatic subjects who served as the control group. The symptomatic gastritis subjects had undergone endoscopy and gastric biopsy specimen was collected. Histopathologically, the biopsy specimen was observed for the presence of Helicobacter pylori. The subjects were divided into 3 groups. Group I comprised of 30 subjects with Helicobacter pylori in their gastric mucosa. Group II comprised of 30 subjects without Helicobacter pylori in their gastric mucosa. Group III comprised of 10 asymptomatic controls. • We found that there was a male predominance for gastritis in our study groups. The symptomatic gastritis was more commonly seen between the 3rd and 5th decade of life. • Our study findings conclude that subjects who are less than 30 years of age are more prone to have Candida in their saliva. • There was no difference in the mean CFU between the study groups and the mean CFU between the age groups did not show statistical difference. But, when stratified between gender, there was an increase in CFU with increasing age. • We found that oral candida carriage was more frequently seen in the younger age group and odd’s have shown that when compared to subjects above 50 years, symptomatic subjects less than 30 years have 7.5 times higher risk of getting salivary candidal carriage. • We found that there is no correlation between the presence or absence of salivary Helicobacter pylori and the presence or absence of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric mucosa. There was no correlation between salivary candida and the presence or absence of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric mucosa. • In our study, the patients with Candida and Helicobacter pylori in the saliva had 8 times more chance of having gastritis with Helicobacter pylori positivity in their gastric mucosa than in whom these organisms were not detected. • Further studies are needed to understand the relationship of Helicobacter pylori, Candida and gastritis

Optimizing social media analytics with the data quality enhancement and analytics framework for superior data quality

his paper introduces the data quality enhancement and analytics (DQEA) framework to enhance data quality in social media analytics through machine learning (ML) algorithms. The efficacy of the framework is validated through features tested against human coders on Amazon Mechanical Turk, achieving an inter-coder reliability score of 0.85, indicating high agreement. Furthermore, two case studies with a large social media dataset from Tumblr were conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed content features. In the first case study, the DQEA framework reduced data noise by 30% and bias by 25%, while increasing completeness by 20%. In the second case study, the framework improved data consistency by 35% and overall data quality score by 28%. Comparative analysis with state-of-the-art models, including random forest and support vector machines (SVM), showed significant improvements in data reliability and decision-making accuracy. Specifically, the DQEA framework outperformed the random forest model by 15% in accuracy and 20% in true positive rate, and the SVM model by 10% in error rate reduction and 18% in reliability. The results underscore the potential of advanced data analytics tools in transforming social media data into a valuable asset for organizations, highlighting the practical implications and future research directions in this domain

Effect of motor imagery with conventional physical therapy on upper extremity functions in hemiparetic stroke patients - An Experimental Study.

INTRODUCTION : Motor imagery is defined as “a dynamic state during which the representation of a specific motor action is internally reactivated within working memory without any overt motor output” and “occurring from the first person perspective.”15 A fast growing number of studies indicated that areas in brain engaged in the performance of movement are also active during motor imagery. Motor imagery might be used alongside physical rehabilitation in patients with neurological disorders and will probably be most effective in the reorganization of brain patterns is most prominent. AIM : To find out the effect of motor imagery with conventional physical therapy in upper extremity functions in hemiparetic stroke patients. OBJECTIVES : 1. To find out the effect of motor imagery with conventional physical therapy in upper extremity functions in hemiparetic stroke patients 2. To find out the effect of conventional physical therapy alone in upper extremity functions in hemiparetic stroke patients. 3. To compare the effects of motor imagery with conventional physical therapy and conventional physical therapy alone in improving upper extremity functions in hemiparetic stroke patients. Study design : Pre test post test experimental study design. Study population : Twenty ischemic MCA stroke patients with Movement imagery questionnaire-revised (MIQ-R) score more than 25 were taken into study. They were randomly assigned into group 1 and group 2 with ten patients in each group. Intervention : Patients in group 1 received motor imagery with conventional physical therapy. Patients in group 2 received conventional physical therapy alone. Motor imagery was given for about 1 hour a day, divided into two 20 min sessions with 10 min rest in between for 5 days a week. Conventional physical therapy was given for 1 to 1 ½ hours a day for 5 days a week. Treatment was given for 3 weeks duration. Outcome measures : The upper extremity section of Fugl-Meyer Assessment was used to assess the upper extremity function. RESULTS : After 3 weeks of intervention patients in group 1 showed greater improvement in upper extremity function than patients in group 2. CONCLUSION : Motor imagery is an effective tool and it can be incorporated into conventional physical therapy to improve upper extremity function

Study of the Coexistence of Helicobacter pylori and Candida in the Saliva of Patients with Dyspepsia

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a gram negative micro-aerophilic bacterium is known to cause gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric adenocarcinoma. Extra-gastric reservoir of this bacteria can cause recurrent infection in treated subjects. Oral cavity is considered to be an important extragastric reservoir due to the favourable milieu in sub gingival areas and the symbiotic association H. pylori shares with Candida, a common commensal in the oral cavity. Objective: To evaluate the presence of H. pylori and Candida in the saliva of patients with chronic gastritis. Methods: The study compromised of subjects with H. pylori positive gastritis (Group I: n=30), subjects with H. pylori negative gastritis (Group II: n=30) and normal controls without gastritis (Group III: n=10). Unstimulated saliva samples (Whole mouth fluid) was collected and subjected to real time PCR analysis for the detection of Urease A gene of H. pylori. Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar was used to detect the presence of Candida species. Results: Seven subjects (23.3%) from Group I and four subjects (13.3%) from Group II were positive for oral Helicobacter pylori. Fourteen subjects (46.6%) from Group I and Eight subjects (26.6%) from Group II showed the presence of oral Candida. Four subjects (13.3%) from Group I had both oral Helicobacter pylori and oral Candida. Conclusion: H. pylori and Candida in the oral cavity could potentially influence H. pylori recolonization of the gastric mucosa leading to recurrent gastritis

Effect of Curing Conditions and Freeze-Thaw Cycles on the Strength of an Expansive Soil Stabilized with a Combination of Lime, Jaggery, and Gallnut Powder

This investigation involved the utilization of the combination of lime, jaggery, and gallnut powder, adopted in South India traditionally. This combination of materials, used for the manufacture of lime-based mortars, was adopted in stabilization of an expansive soil. Three combinations of lime, jaggery, and gallnut powder (LJG) in the ratios of 8 : 2 : 2, 8 : 2 : 1, and 8 : 1 : 2 were put into use. The effect of subjecting the combinations to alternate cycles of freeze-thaw (up to 3 cycles) and three different curing conditions of air, moisture, and heat was also investigated. In addition, a mineralogical investigation for studying the reaction products was also carried out. The investigation proceeded with the determination of the unconfined compression strength (UCS) of stabilized specimens of dimensions 38 mm × 76 mm, cured for periods of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. The results of the investigation revealed that the addition of LJG resulted in an increase in the strength of the stabilized soil. Freeze-thaw cycles resulted in a reduction in strength with LJG821 proving to be the most optimal combination developing the maximum strength and least strength loss due to freeze-thaw cycles. Thermal curing proved to be the most optimal curing condition out of all curing conditions evaluated

Diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of the world’s highest aquatic environments from the Western Himalayas, India

The present study is a preliminary taxonomic surveyof diatom assemblages from one of the highest mountain ranges in the Western Himalayas – Ladakh. 37 samples were collected from 19 different sampling sites at altitudes ranging from 3100–4552 amsl. The diatom communities were representative of habitats such as lakes, streams, and hot springs from high altitudes. The dominant diatoms are studied using light microscopy and identified using valve morphometrics. The study enlists a total of 74 taxa belonging to 40 genera along with photomicrographic plates. Commonly-found species of high-altitude hot springs habitats were Gogorevia exilis and Denticula thermaloides, Reimeria sinuata, Fragilaria vaucheriae, Gomphonella cf.olivacea, Encyonema ventricosum, Lindavia biswashanti,Diatoma moniliformis, and Denticula valida were commonly occurring species in stream, river and lake habitats. Further analysis and putative novel species from this high-altitude environment will be described in future publications.The present study is a preliminary taxonomic surveyof diatom assemblages from one of the highest mountain ranges in the Western Himalayas – Ladakh. 37 samples were collected from 19 different sampling sites at altitudes ranging from 3100–4552 amsl. The diatom communities were representative of habitats such as lakes, streams, and hot springs from high altitudes. The dominant diatoms are studied using light microscopy and identified using valve morphometrics. The study enlists a total of 74 taxa belonging to 40 genera along with photomicrographic plates. Commonly-found species of high-altitude hot springs habitats were Gogorevia exilis and Denticula thermaloides, Reimeria sinuata, Fragilaria vaucheriae, Gomphonella cf.olivacea, Encyonema ventricosum, Lindavia biswashanti,Diatoma moniliformis, and Denticula valida were commonly occurring species in stream, river and lake habitats. Further analysis and putative novel species from this high-altitude environment will be described in future publications

Human Cognition and Emotion using Physio Psychological Approach : A Survey

A soldier’s responsibility in the military includes his physical and mental attitudes which makes him to support the army in a full-fledged manner. This type of human dimension recognizes Soldier readiness from training proficiency to motivation for the Army’s future success. It introduces the concept of holistic fitness, a comprehensive combination of the whole person, including all components of the human dimension as a triad of moral, cognitive and physical components. The human dimension concept is directly related to the human mind and memory system. In this research, a system which will be capable of recognizing human emotions based on physiological parameters of a human body is discussed. The data from the system is fed to a computer where it is stored. Stored information regarding human parameters is retrieved and classified using support vector machine to generate a data set about the various emotions the human poses at a specific situation. The emotion, thus calculated is grouped to generate a grade for his present status. This grade is used to recommend the suitable working environment for the person

"Revolutionizing Lawn Care: AI-Driven Solar-Powered Humorless Grassland Mower With IoT Integration"

The primary objective of an AI-driven solar-powered humorless grassland mower with IoT integration is to provide an innovative, sustainable, and efficient solution for grassland maintenance, addressing the challenges of traditional lawn care methods while promoting environmental stewardship and technological advancement. Methods: Developing an AI-driven solar-powered humorless grassland mower with IoT integration involves integrating various technologies and methodologies such as AI Algorithm, Solar Power System Design, Robotics and Automation, IoT Integration, User Interface and Control System. Findings: It can vary depending on the specific objectives, implementation, and testing conducted. It can provide valuable insights into its performance, sustainability, reliability, and user acceptance, helping to inform further development and optimization efforts. Novelty: By introducing novel features and approaches in these areas, an AI-driven solar-powered grassland mower with IoT integration can offer unique capabilities and benefits that set it apart from conventional lawn care equipment and contribute to advancements in sustainable landscaping practices. This paper proposes an innovative AI-Driven Solar-Powered Humorless Grassland Mower with IoT Integration. Traditional manual lawn mowing not only demands labor but also contributes to environmental pollution through nonrenewable resource consumption. To address these challenges, our solution leverages advanced technologies to transform grassland upkeep. The mower is equipped with a range of IoT sensors including ultrasonic, proximity, GPS, and cameras. These sensors enable real-time data collection and decision-making, allowing the mower to adjust its mowing schedule based on forecasted data and navigate around obstacles. Furthermore, during periods of poor sunlight or low battery levels, the mower autonomously returns to its self-charging station for recharging. Data collected by the mower can be sent to the cloud for further analysis and storage. Users have the convenience of remotely controlling the mower through a smartphone app or web interface, enabling initiation, termination, or scheduling of mowing sessions from anywhere. Our AI-integrated IoT solution offers a sustainable and efficient approach to grassland maintenance, reducing labuor requirements and environmental impact while maximizing operational autonomy