Studies of Angiostrongylus Cantonensis and a Malaysiensis of Rodents Hosts in Two Transmigration Schemes in South Sumatera

Pada Tahun 1977 telah dilakukan survey zoonosis di dua daerah transmigrasi Baturaja-Martapura, Propinsi Sumatera Selatan dan Mulyoredjo, Way Abung III., Propinsi Lampung. Survey dilakukan oleh Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan bersama WHO Vector and Rodent Control Research Unit di Jakarta dengan tujuan untuk mempelajari vector penyakit zoonosis yang ada di kedua daerah transmigrasi tersebut. Survey dilakukan dengan mengadakan penangkapan tikus di rumah dan di luar rumah, kemudian diadakan pemeriksaan identifikasi, pembedahan dengan peralatan laboratorium di daerah survey. Pada survey ini ditemukan 4 species tikus R. tiomaicus, R. argentivener, Ryexulans dan R.r. diardii yang ternyata mendapat infeksi cacing Angiostrongylus. Infeksi tertinggi pada R. tiomanicus dan infeksi terendah pada R. r. diardii. Infeksi campuran A. cantonensis dan A. malaysiensis ditemukan pada R. tiomanicus dan R.r. diardii. Adanya A. cantonensis dan A. malaysiensis di kedua daerah transmigrasi adalah penemuan yang baru untuk di daerah Sumatra Selatan. R. ar-eentiventer merupakan hospes baru untuk daerah Sumatra

Validation of the Thai version of the family reported outcome measure (FROM-16)© to assess the impact of disease on the partner or family members of patients with cancer

© The Author(s). 2019Background: Cancer not only impairs a patient's physical and psychosocial functional behaviour, but also contributes to negative impact on family members' health related quality of life. Currently, there is an absence of a relevant tool in Thai with which to measure such impact. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Family Reported Outcome Measure (FROM-16) in Thai cancer patients' family members. Methods: Thai version of FROM-16 was generated by interactive forward-backward translation process following standard guidelines. This was tested for psychometric properties including reliability and validity, namely content validity, concurrent validity, known group validity, internal consistency, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Construct validity was examined by comparing the Thai FROM-16 version with the WHOQOL-BREF-THAI. Results: The internal consistency reliability was strong (Cronbach's alpha = 0.86). A Negative moderate correlation between the Thai FROM-16 and WHOQOL-BREF-THAI was observed (r = - 0.4545, p < 0.00), and known group validity was proved by a statistically significant higher score in family members with high burden of care and insufficient income. The factor analysis supported both 3-factor and 2-factor loading model with slight difference when compared with the original version. Conclusions: The Thai FROM-16 showed good reliability and validity in Thai family members of patients with cancer. A slight difference in factor analysis results compared to the original version could be due to cross-culture application.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Evidence-based guidelines for use of probiotics in preterm neonates

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Current evidence indicates that probiotic supplementation significantly reduces all-cause mortality and definite necrotising enterocolitis without significant adverse effects in preterm neonates. As the debate about the pros and cons of routine probiotic supplementation continues, many institutions are satisfied with the current evidence and wish to use probiotics routinely. Because of the lack of detail on many practical aspects of probiotic supplementation, clinician-friendly guidelines are urgently needed to optimise use of probiotics in preterm neonates.</p> <p>Aim</p> <p>To develop evidence-based guidelines for probiotic supplementation in preterm neonates.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To develop core guidelines on use of probiotics, including strain selection, dose and duration of supplementation, we primarily used the data from our recent updated systematic review of randomised controlled trials. For equally important issues including strain identification, monitoring for adverse effects, product format, storage and transport, and regulatory hurdles, a comprehensive literature search, covering the period 1966-2010 without restriction on the study design, was conducted, using the databases PubMed and EMBASE, and the proceedings of scientific conferences; these data were used in our updated systematic review.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this review, we present guidelines, including level of evidence, for the practical aspects (for example, strain selection, dose, duration, clinical and laboratory surveillance) of probiotic supplementation, and for dealing with non-clinical but important issues (for example, regulatory requirements, product format). Evidence was inadequate in some areas, and these should be a target for further research.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We hope that these evidence-based guidelines will help to optimise the use of probiotics in preterm neonates. Continued research is essential to provide answers to the current gaps in knowledge about probiotics.</p

Quantifying damage in an AlSi10Mg porous metamaterial through projection-enhanced DVC

International audienceA 4D (i.e., spacetime) characterization technique, based on projectionenhanced DVC, was proposed to analyze the mesostructural changes of an aluminumsilicon cellular metamaterial produced via Laser Powder Bed Fusion. This metamaterial, which is characterized by the presence of elliptical mesovoids, was subjected to in situ uniaxial tension and imaged using high-resolution X-ray tomography. The objective of this study was two-fold. First, it sought to quantify the damage growth within the specimen by analyzing residual changes observed from the registration of X-ray radiographs. Second, the study aimed to investigate the reasons behind force relaxation prior to scan acquisitions