AGN feedback with the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) and implications for cluster physics and cosmology

AGN feedback is regarded as an important non-gravitational process in galaxy clusters, providing useful constraints on large-scale structure formation. It modifies the structure and energetics of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) and hence its understanding is crucially needed in order to use clusters as high precision cosmological probes. In this context, particularly keeping in mind the upcoming high quality radio data expected from radio surveys like SKA with its higher sensitivity, high spatial and spectral resolutions, we review our current understanding of AGN feedback, its cosmological implications and the impact that SKA can have in revolutionizing our understanding of AGN feedback in large-scale structures. Recent developments regarding the AGN outbursts and its possible contribution to excess entropy in the hot atmospheres of groups and clusters, its correlation with the feedback energy in ICM, quenching of cooling flows and the possible connection between cool core clusters and radio mini-halos, are discussed. We describe current major issues regarding modeling of AGN feedback and its impact on the surrounding medium. With regard to the future of AGN feedback studies, we examine the possible breakthroughs that can be expected from SKA observations. In the context of cluster cosmology, for example, we point out the importance of SKA observations for cluster mass calibration by noting that most of $z>1$ clusters discovered by eROSITA X-ray mission can be expected to be followed up through a 1000 hour SKA-1 mid programme. Moreover, approximately $1000$ radio mini halos and $\sim 2500$ radio halos at $z<0.6$ can be potentially detected by SKA1 and SKA2 and used as tracers of galaxy clusters and determination of cluster selection function.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, Review article accepted in Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy (JOAA

In silico comparative study of epitopes predicted from different strains of genus parvovirus.

Parvoviruses are typically linear, non-segmented single-stranded DNA viruses, with an average genome size of 5000 nucleotides. Parvoviruses are some of the smallest viruses found in nature. Some have been found as small as 23 nm. Many types of mammalian species have a strain of parvovirus associated with them. Parvoviruses tend to be specific about the taxon of animal they will infect, but this is a somewhat flexible characteristic. Thus, all strains of parvovirus will affect dogs, wolves, and foxes, but only some of them will infect human. Parvovirus is treated with the help of vaccines but the traditional vaccine development process is very expensive and unsafe, with the help of insilico software tools and databases we can predict the epitopes of parvovirus species such as Canine parvovirus, Feline panleukopenia virus, H-1 virus, LUIII virus, Mink enteritis virus, Minute virus of mice, Porcine parvovirus, Raccoon parvovirus, by using Bepipred, CTLpred. These predictions will be useful for reverse vaccinology against parvoviruses infections for cattle and mankind

New Uncertainties in QCD-QED Rescaling Factors using Quadrature Method

In this paper we briefly outline the quadrature method for estimating uncertainties in a function of several variables and apply it to estimate the numerical uncertainties in QCD-QED rescaling factors. We employ here the one-loop order in QED and three-loop order in QCD evolution equations of fermion mass renormalization. Our present calculations are found to be new and also reliable compared to the earlier values employed by various authors.Comment: 14 page

Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric Detection of Pesticide Residues in Grapes

GC-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the determination and quantification of 35 multi-class pesticide residues in grape samples. Pesticides are selected from different families including organochlorines, organophosphorus, carbamates, pyrethroids, triazines, triazoles, pyrazoles, etc. The QuEChERS-dSPE (dispersive solid-phase extraction) method was used for the extraction of residues of pesticide. An extra cleanup step was included with the help of a primary secondary amine (PSA) and graphitized carbon black (GCB). Recoveries ranged from 70 to 100% with 14% relative standard deviation (RSD). Other parameters such as precision, recoveries, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and linearity were also studied. Finally, the proposed analytical method was successfully employed for the determination of residues of pesticide in grape samples

Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography with UV Detection

The aim of this study was to analyze the pesticide residues in chili samples, collected from farmer’s field. Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with BEH C18 column was used for this analysis work. A cheap and fast method for the simultaneous quantification of 12 residue of pesticides in chili has been developed. Samples were prepared according to Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, Safe (QuEChERS) method and quantification was performed by using tunable ultra violet (TUV) detector. The method was applied for the analysis of the chili samples and results showed that most of the samples have detectable pesticide residues. The residues of acetamiprid and thiodicarb were detected only in three samples, whereas flubendiamide and mancozeb were detected in six samples and arbosulfan and Spinosad were detected in two and five samples, respectively. Out of the 30 chili samples, only 11 samples were found to be contaminated with pesticide residues with more than maximum residue limits (MRLs)

A LITERARY REVIEW ON MERCURY W.S.R. TO ITS MEDICINAL ASPECT

Rasasastra is a branch of Ayurvedic medicine dealing with metals and minerals having higher therapeutic efficacy. Recent world wide discussions on hazardous nature of Mercury have led to the global ban on Mercury through Minamata Convention. This is a crisis situation for Ayurveda as Parada (Mercury) is the heart of Rasasastra. An attempt has been made to educate the readers regarding the medicinal aspects of Mercury. Rasasastra texts starting from Rasendra mangalam to Rasatrangini have been analyzed for relevant verses regarding Mercurial formulations with respect to its disease curing property. Mercury has qualities similar to ambrosia. Mercurial medications prepared from purified Mercury can readily treat even Asadhya rogas (incurable diseases). Purified Mercury samples were tested for their therapeutic efficacy through alchemy. A systematic classification regarding types of Mercury, their impurities and purification procedures are mentioned after extensive research in Rasasastra. Method of intake, Pathya (wholesome), Apathya (unwholesome), complications during Mercurial medication have been cited in classical verses. Paribhasha (definitions) regarding basics of Rasasastra have been described for better understanding of Mercurial processes. Procedures like Jarana (digestion), Astadasa samskara (eighteen purification procedures), Dhruti (stable liquid metal), Satwapatana (extracting the essence), Bandhana, etc have been elaborately described in the texts, but their techniques are still unclear in practical aspect. A special clause should be created for the use of Mercury in Ayurvedic medicines with respect to its health benefits and disease curing properties. Also there is a need to intensify research in the field of Rasasastra.

Discriminating neutrino mass models using Type II seesaw formula

In this paper we propose a kind of natural selection which can discriminate the three possible neutrino mass models, namely the degenerate, inverted hierarchical and normal hierarchical models, using the framework of Type II seesaw formula. We arrive at a conclusion that the inverted hierarchical model appears to be most favourable whereas the normal hierarchical model follows next to it. The degenerate model is found to be most unfavourable. We use the hypothesis that those neutrino mass models in which Type I seesaw term dominates over the Type II left-handed Higgs triplet term are favoured to survive in nature.Comment: No change in the results, a few references added, some changes in Type[IIB] calculation

Formulation And Evaluation of a Polyherbal Syrup for Anti-Inflammatory Activity

The increasing demand for natural remedies has led to the development of polyherbal formulations with potent therapeutic effects. This study aims to formulate and evaluate a polyherbal syrup using Moringa leaf and Curcumin for their synergistic anti-inflammatory properties. Moringa leaves, known for their rich bioactive compounds, provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, while Curcumin, the active compound in turmeric, is renowned for its potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The polyherbal syrup was formulated using a combination of these two ingredients, with appropriate excipients to enhance stability, palatability, and bioavailability. The formulation was evaluated for parameters including pH, viscosity, taste, stability, and antimicrobial activity. The results suggest that the polyherbal syrup shows promising anti-inflammatory potential, with enhanced therapeutic effects when compared to individual components. This formulation offers a natural, safe alternative for the management of inflammation-related conditions. Keywords: Polyherbal syrup, Moringa leaf, Curcumin, Anti-inflammatory, Natural remedies

Multi-omics of the gut microbial ecosystem in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Inflammatory bowel diseases, which include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, affect several million individuals worldwide. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are complex diseases that are heterogeneous at the clinical, immunological, molecular, genetic, and microbial levels. Individual contributing factors have been the focus of extensive research. As part of the Integrative Human Microbiome Project (HMP2 or iHMP), we followed 132 subjects for one year each to generate integrated longitudinal molecular profiles of host and microbial activity during disease (up to 24 time points each; in total 2,965 stool, biopsy, and blood specimens). Here we present the results, which provide a comprehensive view of functional dysbiosis in the gut microbiome during inflammatory bowel disease activity. We demonstrate a characteristic increase in facultative anaerobes at the expense of obligate anaerobes, as well as molecular disruptions in microbial transcription (for example, among clostridia), metabolite pools (acylcarnitines, bile acids, and short-chain fatty acids), and levels of antibodies in host serum. Periods of disease activity were also marked by increases in temporal variability, with characteristic taxonomic, functional, and biochemical shifts. Finally, integrative analysis identified microbial, biochemical, and host factors central to this dysregulation. The study's infrastructure resources, results, and data, which are available through the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Multi'omics Database ( http://ibdmdb.org ), provide the most comprehensive description to date of host and microbial activities in inflammatory bowel diseases

Condition monitoring of induction motor-vibration analysis technique

Condition Based Monitoring maintenance implies that a precautionary job should be executed at a convinced state of hardware. Such technique stands to be considerably additional cost effective than complete letdown of equipment. When racing to disappointment, an impromptu interference to creation is instigated. Likewise, an inadvertent blow-back may happen, leading to costly consequences. Extra parts or spare parts stock must be kept to replace in case of failure of parts. Booked preventive support results typically in repairing, fixing or supplanting parts, driving in an upkeep that is too exorbitant and ineffective in forestalling breakdowns. To further develop accessibility, the framework is upgraded for higher constancy and the necessity for support is restricted. Maintenance is likewise being completed in a most viable way, furthermore, in an arranged approach. Finally, some condition markers are checking to notice decay and recognize disappointments. This task is focused on the examination of Industrial Induction Motor and distinguishing conceivable condition pointers dependent on vibration estimations and investigation