MANUEL À L’USAGE DES OBSERVATEURS SCIENTIFIQUES À BORD DES CHALUTIERS PÉLAGIQUES DANS LES EAUX D’AFRIQUE OCCIDENTALE

Ce manuel a été développé dans le cadre du projet Study on improvement for the analysis and exploitation of observer reports in EU fisheries from NW African waters, Specific Contract No 12 du Framework Contract EASME/EMFF/2016/008, et consolidé par tous les institutions impliquées lors de l’« Atelier sur la normalisation des méthodes d’observateurs au bord » qui s’est tenu à Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Espagne) entre le 27 et le 31 janvier 2020

Are we ready to track climate-driven shifts in marine species across international boundaries? - A global survey of scientific bottom trawl data

Marine biota are redistributing at a rapid pace in response to climate change and shifting seascapes. While changes in fish populations and community structure threaten the sustainability of fisheries, our capacity to adapt by tracking and projecting marine species remains a challenge due to data discontinuities in biological observations, lack of data availability, and mismatch between data and real species distributions. To assess the extent of this challenge, we review the global status and accessibility of ongoing scientific bottom trawl surveys. In total, we gathered metadata for 283,925 samples from 95 surveys conducted regularly from 2001 to 2019. We identified that 59% of the metadata collected are not publicly available, highlighting that the availability of data is the most important challenge to assess species redistributions under global climate change. Given that the primary purpose of surveys is to provide independent data to inform stock assessment of commercially important populations, we further highlight that single surveys do not cover the full range of the main commercial demersal fish species. An average of 18 surveys is needed to cover at least 50% of species ranges, demonstrating the importance of combining multiple surveys to evaluate species range shifts. We assess the potential for combining surveys to track transboundary species redistributions and show that differences in sampling schemes and inconsistency in sampling can be overcome with spatio-temporal modeling to follow species density redistributions. In light of our global assessment, we establish a framework for improving the management and conservation of transboundary and migrating marine demersal species. We provide directions to improve data availability and encourage countries to share survey data, to assess species vulnerabilities, and to support management adaptation in a time of climate-driven ocean changes.En prensa6,86

Review of genitourinary tuberculosis with focus on end-stage renal disease

Tuberculosis (TB) is a current public health problem, remaining the most common worldwide cause of mortality from infectious disease. Recent studies indicate that genitourinary TB is the third most common form of extra-pulmonary disease. The diagnosis of renal TB can be hypothesized in a non-specific bacterial cystitis associated with a therapeutic failure or a urinalysis with a persistent leukocyturia in the absence of bacteriuria. We report on the case of a 33-year-old man who presented on admission end stage renal disease (ESRD) secondary to renal TB and a past history of pulmonary TB with important radiologic findings. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings despite all cultures being negative. Empiric treatment with tuberculostatic drugs was started and the patient became stable. He was discharged with no symptom, but without renal function recovery. He is on maintenance hemodialysis three times a week. TB is an important cause of kidney disease and can lead to irreversible renal function loss

Assessing stocks in data-poor African fisheries: a case study on the white grouper Epinephelus aeneus of Mauritania

The lack of reliable stock assessment for numerous exploited stocks in West Africa often results from poor-quality data, high multi-specificity of captures, and the heterogeneity of exploitation methods. However, many signs of overexploitation exist, particularly for demersal resources, highlighting the urgent need for a more quantitative and comprehensive evaluation of these resources. This study aims to show how, in such a context of poor-quality data and high uncertainty, a multi-method approach for stock assessment can generate a consistent diagnosis of the condition of a resource. As a case study, several methods were combined to assess the stock status of the white grouper Epinephelus aeneus, a flagship species in West Africa that is exploited by industrial and small-scale fisheries in Mauritania. These were estimation of abundance indices using delta generalised linear models; a biomass production model using a pseudo-equilibrium method and including an environmental effect of upwelling intensity; a dynamic biomass production model fitted in a Bayesian framework also including an environmental effect; and an age-structured model based on a modified pseudo-cohort analysis. Sensitivity analyses were performed for most of these assessment methods. Results show that the white grouper stock is highly overexploited due to an excess in the fishing effort estimated at between 30% and 50%, depending on the model used to estimate the effort at maximum sustainable yield.Keywords: age-structured model, Bayesian approaches, diagnosis, production model, stock assessmentAfrican Journal of Marine Science 2013, 35(2): 253–26

On the changes of species composition of tuna catches in the Senegal-Mauritania area

Le document présente les principaux résultats de la recherche sur le commerce et l'utilisation des prises accessoires retenues et débarquées à Abidjan par les senneurs dans l'Atlantique Est. D'après cette recherche, les prises accessoires retenues contribuent grandement à la sécurité alimentaire et elles revêtent une grande importance sociale et économique pour la population locale. Une partie des poissons débarqués à Abidjan par les senneurs a été acheminée vers d'autres villes de Côte d'Ivoire et également vers d'autres pays, comme le Burkina Faso et le Mali. Les thonidés demeurant à Abidjan ont été majoritairement (95%) utilisés par les industries du garba (garbadromes). Ces garbadromes ont créé entre six et neuf mille postes de travail et sont accessibles à pratiquement toute la population, notamment les jeunes. Toutefois, la durabilité de ce commerce ne peut pas être effective sans une politique de rétention appropriée que l'ICCAT devrait adopter en ce qui concerne les thonidés tropicaux de l'océan Atlantique

The role of the Banc d’Arguin MPA (Mauritania) in sustaining the coastal ecosystem and its fisheries.

The role of the Banc d’Arguin MPA (Mauritania) in sustaining the coastal ecosystem and its fisheries

The role of the Banc d’Arguin MPA (Mauritania) in sustaining the coastal ecosystem and its fisheries.

The role of the Banc d’Arguin MPA (Mauritania) in sustaining the coastal ecosystem and its fisheries