The Galloway cattle

Citation: Mullen, Roger B. The Galloway cattle. Senior thesis, Kansas State Agricultural College, 1902.Morse Department of Special CollectionsIntroduction: The Galloway cattle are a hardy hornless breed of beef cattle which take their names from the province of Galloway, which now comprises the stewarty of Kirk and Bright and the shire of Wigton but formerly included the shires of Ayrshire, Lanark, Reuben and Dumfries. The province now includes a strip of land about ninety miles long. It is a county which has high up lands richly covered with good pastures, and the valleys are very fertile, while the hills are densely covered with woods. Numerous small lakes and rivers are found along which are found rich moor lands. The climate while mild is damp and at times cold. 1st Theory of - Youdtt in his work on the cattle of G.B. says “There appears to be the remnants of two distinct breeds of native or aboriginal cattle. The first are middle horned while the second are polled. The Galloways, Augers, Suffolk and Norfolk breeds came from these polled cattle, while the Devon, Hereford, Sussex, and Highland breeds came from the horned cattle. 2nd Theory – The most plausible theory as to the origin of the Galloway Breed is that they were brought into Scotland, from Scythia through Europe and Ireland by the Scots who originally lived in Scythia. Herodotus, the historian, who wrote about B.C. 400 says, “In Scythia the oxen have no horns” and it is probable that the Galloways there came from the old Scythian breed of polled cattle. The believers of this latter theory account for the appearance of wild polled cattle in England by saying that in the comparative roving and uncertain life of the earlier settlers of Scotland led, their cattle would sometimes get lost in the forests, and as there was plenty of feed they thrived and thus started the wild breed. The difference in environment causing the different breeds to spring up

The polyphenolic and hydroxycinnamate contents of whole coffee fruits from China, India and Mexico

Air dried whole coffee fruits, beans and husks from China, India and Mexico were analysed for their chlorogenic acids (CGA), caffeine, and polyphenolic content. Analysis was by HPLC and Orbitrap exact mass spectrometry. Total phenol, total flavonol and antioxidant capacity were measured. The hydroxycinnamate profile consisted of caffeoylquinic acids, feruloyquinic acids, dicaffeoylquinic acids and caffeoyl-feruloylquinic acids. A range of flavan-3-ols as well as flavonol conjugates were detected. The CGA content was similar for both Mexico and India coffee fruits but was much lower in China samples. Highest levels of flavan-3-ols were found in the Indian samples whereas Mexico samples contained the highest flavonols. Amounts of CGAs in the beans were similar to those in the whole fruits, but flavan-3-ols and flavonols were not detected. The husks contained the same range of polyphenols as in the whole fruits. Highest levels of caffeine were found in the Robusta samples

A polymer coated cicaprost-eluting stent increases neointima formation and impairs vessel function in the rabbit iliac artery

Drug-eluting stents have been successful in reducing in-stent restenosis but are not suitable for all lesion types and have been implicated in causing late stent thrombosis due to incomplete regeneration of the endothelial cell layer. In this study we implanted stents coated with cicaprost, a prostacyclin analogue with a long plasma half-life and antiproliferative effects on vascular smooth muscle cells, into the iliac arteries of rabbits. At 28-day follow-up we compared neointima formation within the stented vessels and vascular function in adjacent vessels, to assess if cicaprost could reduce restenosis without impairing vessel function. Arteries implanted with cicaprost eluting stents had significantly more neointima compared to bare metal stents. In adjacent segments of artery, endothelium-dependent relaxation was impaired by the cicaprost-eluting stent but vasodilation to an endothelium-independent vasodilator was maintained. We conclude that the presence of the polymer and sub-optimal release of cicaprost from the stent may be responsible for the increased neointma and impaired functional recovery of the endothelium observed. Further experiments should be aimed at optimising release of cicaprost and exploring different stent polymer coatings

Analysis of the transient behavior of rubbing components

Finite element equations are developed for studying deformations and temperatures resulting from frictional heating in sliding system. The formulation is done for linear steady state motion in two dimensions. The equations include the effect of the velocity on the moving components. This gives spurious oscillations in their solutions by Galerkin finite element methods. A method called streamline upwind scheme is used to try to deal with this deficiency. The finite element program is then used to investigate the friction of heating in gas path seal

LONG-RUN STRIGA CONTROL BY SUBSISTENCE FARMERS IN MALI

A dynamic programming model is developed to identify barriers to the adoption of long-run control programs for the parasitic weed Striga. The model is applied to Sirakorola in northwestern Mali. The ability of national and village-level institutions to overcome the barriers to adoption is explored.Community/Rural/Urban Development, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

Development of an obstetrics triage tool for pharmacists in an urban medical centre

Obstetrics services are a high-throughput and high-risk environment poised for pharmacist involvement, but determining how to ideally allocate services is difficult. There is recent interest in the development of tools for service prioritisation, but none are specifically targeted to obstetrics. Therefore, the aim of this study was (1) to conduct a practice audit surveying the demographics of patients attending obstetrics wards at a high-capacity maternity hospital, and (2) to evaluate a triage tool developed to prioritise pharmacy services. A retrospective case review of women discharged after birth admissions was undertaken at a hospital in National Health Service (NHS) Scotland during June 2014. Demographic and admission data were collected, as well as pharmacist interventions and missed opportunities in patient care on postnatal wards. A pharmacy triage tool was developed and retrospectively applied to each case to ascertain a risk category that would trigger and target pharmacist review. Interventions/opportunities were classified as either clinical (medication-related) or administrative (potential for error development). 175 cases were reviewed with a median age of 29 years old. Eighty-six patients (49.1%) were retrospectively classified with elevated risk using the triage tool. A total of 117 charts (66.9%) were identified with missed opportunities for pharmacist intervention, which was significantly higher among patients classified as higher risk (75.6 vs. 58.4%, p=0.017). Compared to low risk patients, patients with a higher risk classification had lower rates of administrative missed opportunities (55.4 vs. 80.8%, p=0.015), but numerically higher rates of clinical (26.2 vs. 9.6%, p=NS) and mixed clinical/administrative (18.5 vs. 9.6%, p=NS) missed opportunities, although this failed to reach statistical significance. Evaluation of a triage tool for obstetric services demonstrated potential for prioritising higher risk patients for pharmacist review and addressing opportunities for clinical improvements

Integrating environmental awareness and sustainability issues in a beginning agronomy course

Agriculture in the United States in a science- based, highly technical field that has signifi­ cant impact on society and the larger ecosys­ tem, both nationally and internationally. As new technologies and challenges continually emerge, educational and research efforts in agriculture have been and will continue to be key to the success of agronomic systems. At the same time, human labor in U.S. agriculture has decreased rapidly; less than 2% of the population is directly involved in agricultural production. Rapid technological change and declining farm populations suggest that we are becoming a nation largely illiterate in agricul­ tural and sustainable production issues