Magnetic fullerenes inside single-wall carbon nanotubes

C59N magnetic fullerenes were formed inside single-wall carbon nanotubes by vacuum annealing functionalized C59N molecules encapsulated inside the tubes. A hindered, anisotropic rotation of C59N was deduced from the temperature dependence of the electron spin resonance spectra near room temperature. Shortening of spin-lattice relaxation time, T_1, of C59N indicates a reversible charge transfer toward the host nanotubes above $\sim 350$ K. Bound C59N-C60 heterodimers are formed at lower temperatures when C60 is co-encapsulated with the functionalized C59N. In the 10-300 K range, T_1 of the heterodimer shows a relaxation dominated by the conduction electrons on the nanotubes

Towards a new image processing system at Wendelstein 7-X: From spatial calibration to characterization of thermal events

Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) is the most advanced fusion experiment in the stellarator line and is aimed at proving that the stellarator concept is suitable for a fusion reactor. One of the most important issues for fusion reactors is the monitoring of plasma facing components when exposed to very high heat loads, through the use of visible and infrared (IR) cameras. In this paper, a new image processing system for the analysis of the strike lines on the inboard limiters from the first W7-X experimental campaign is presented. This system builds a model of the IR cameras through the use of spatial calibration techniques, helping to characterize the strike lines by using the information given by real spatial coordinates of each pixel. The characterization of the strike lines is made in terms of position, size, and shape, after projecting the camera image in a 2D grid which tries to preserve the curvilinear surface distances between points. The description of the strike-line shape is made by means of the Fourier Descriptors

Forward modeling of collective Thomson scattering for Wendelstein 7-X plasmas: Electrostatic approximation

In this paper, we present a method for numerical computation of collective Thomson scattering (CTS). We developed a forward model, eCTS, in the electrostatic approximation and benchmarked it against a full electromagnetic model. Differences between the electrostatic and the electromagnetic models are discussed. The sensitivity of the results to the ion temperature and the plasma composition is demonstrated. We integrated the model into the Bayesian data analysis framework Minerva and used it for the analysis of noisy synthetic data sets produced by a full electromagnetic model. It is shown that eCTS can be used for the inference of the bulk ion temperature. The model has been used to infer the bulk ion temperature from the first CTS measurements on Wendelstein 7-X

Low-Temperature Dynamics of Magnons in a Spin-1/2 Ladder Compound

We have used a combination of neutron resonant spin-echo and triple-axis spectroscopies to determine the energy, fine structure, and linewidth of the magnon resonance in the model spin-1/2 ladder antiferromagnet IPA-CuCl(3) at temperatures T << Delta(0)/k(B), where Delta(0) is the spin gap at T = 0. In this low-temperature regime we find that the results deviate substantially from the predictions of the nonlinear sigma model proposed as a description of magnon excitations in one-dimensional quantum magnets and attribute these deviations to real-space and spin-space anisotropies in the spin Hamiltonian as well as scattering of magnon excitations from a dilute density of impurities. These effects are generic to experimental realizations of one-dimensional quantum magnets

Bond randomness induced magnon decoherence in a spin-1/2 ladder compound

We have used a combination of neutron resonant spin-echo and triple-axis spectroscopies to determine the energy and linewidth of the magnon resonance in IPA-Cu(Cl0.95Br0.05)(3), a model spin-1/2 ladder antiferromagnet where Br substitution induces bond randomness. We find that the bond defects induce a blue shift, delta Delta, and broadening, delta Gamma, of the magnon gap excitation compared to the pure compound. At temperatures exceeding the energy scale of the interladder exchange interactions, delta Delta and delta Gamma are temperature independent within the experimental error, in agreement with Matthiessen's rule according to which magnon-defect scattering yields a temperature independent contribution to the magnon mean free path. Upon cooling, delta Delta and delta Gamma become temperature dependent and saturate at values lower than those observed at higher temperature, consistent with the crossover from one-dimensional to two-dimensional spin correlations with decreasing temperature previously observed in pure IPA-CuCl3. These results indicate limitations in the applicability of Matthiessen's rule for magnon scattering in low-dimensional magnets. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.02040

Spin resonance in the ordered magnetic state of Ni-5(TeO3)(4)Cl-2

The transition metal tellurium oxychloride, Ni-5(TeO3)(4)Cl-2, has been investigated by high-field electron-spin resonance for frequencies up to 3 THz, at temperatures well below the magnetic ordering at 23 K. At zero external field several resonance modes have been identified. When the applied magnetic field is perpendicular to both the a and b crystallographic directions, one of the magnetic-resonance modes softens, and a spin-flop transition occurs around 10 T. The results are discussed in terms of the crystal structure, and compared to other magnetically ordered materials with multiple magnetic sublattices, including orthoferrites and triangular antiferromagnets