Dispersion of a solute in a Herschel–Bulkley fluid flowing in a conduit

The dispersion of a solute in a Herschel-Bulkley fluid is studied by using the generalized dispersion model in both pipe and channel. With this method the entire dispersion process is described as a simple diffusion process with the effective diffusion coefficient as a function of time. The results for Newtonian fluid, power law fluid and Bingham fluid are obtained as special cases by giving appropriate values to the power law index and yield stress. The effects of power law index, yield stress on the dispersion coefficient and mean concentration have been discussed computationally and graphically. The effect of power law index and yield stress is found to reduce the dispersion coefficient. It is observed that the critical time for dispersion coefficient to reach the steady state is varying with the yield stress and power law index. It is noticed that time to assume the critical value in Newtonian case is 0.5 and in the channel case the corresponding value of time is 0.55 which are in agreement with the existed results. It is also observed that in the non- Newtonian fluids this time is less than that of Newtonian fluid case and in Bingham fluid the critical value of time in pipe flow analysis (channel flow analysis) is attained at 0.45 (0.52) while in power law fluid it is at 0.43(0.48) and in the case of Herschel-Bulkley fluid it is 0.41 (0.45)

AN OVERVIEW OF INTEGRATED MEDICAL AND DENTAL UNDERGRADUATE PRE-CLINICAL CURRICULA AT B. P. KOIRALA INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCES, NEPAL: A MULTIPROFESSIONAL APPROACH

Curricular innovations such as multiprofessional education (MPE) sensitise health professionals towards the role of other health professionals and inculcate team spirit. This is a preliminary report on MPE in practice in the preclinical phase of dental and medical undergraduate courses at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal. The preclinical curriculum of the undergraduate courseis integrated, organ system based and partially problem based. There is an emphasis on early exposure of students to patients and to community. The undergraduate course in medicine started in 1994 and in dental surgery in 1999 based on the core curriculum developed at various workshops. The course duration and structure is similar in bo

Development of eAgromet Prototype to Improve the Performance of Integrated Agromet Advisory Service

In several countries, the systems for forecasting weather are being operated to deal with weather and its related factors affecting agricultural production. India meteorological department (IMD) is providing several types of weather forecasts. One of the forecast service is medium range forecast (MRF). As a part of MRF, the expected values of rain fall, temperature, cloud cover, humidity, wind speed and wind direction for next five days are forecasted twice a week by considering district as a unit. Agriculture is markedly affected by weather condition during crop season. IMD in collaboration with Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) and State Agriculture Universities (SAUs) has set-up about 130 Agro-meteorological Field Units (AMFUs) and each AMFU covers about five districts. Based on MRF, IMD is rendering Integrated Agromet Advisory Service to the farming community of the country in the form of agromet advisory bulletin. The agromet advisory bulletins contain possible risk mitigation measures for the major crops and livestock. Based on the weather forecast, a group of interdisciplinary scientists and agromet scientists at AMFU prepare district-level agromet advisory bulletins. These bulletins are sent to the farmers and other stakeholders of the corresponding district. To ease the process of preparing agromet bulletins, an effort has started to build IT-based agrometeorological advisory system called, eAgromet. In this paper, we explain the concepts of eAgromet and its operation

Dispersion with wall absorption in non-Newtonian fluid flow subjected to external body acceleration

The basic motive of this model is to understand the dispersion process of a solute in non-Newtonian fluid flow subjected to external body acceleration when taking into account the solute absorption at the tube wall. Generalized dispersion method approach is used and hence the local concentration is assumed as a series in terms of the mean concentration and its derivatives, with coefficients being functions of time. With this approach, the mean concentration is expressed in terms of three transport coefficients, namely the absorption, convection, and dispersion coefficients for the case of solute transfer at the wall. A finite-difference scheme is used to solve the intermediate equations in order to evaluate these transport coefficients. The effects of non-Newtonian rheology, pulsatile pressure gradient, external body acceleration, and the wall absorption on the dispersion coefficient and mean concentration are analysed. It is seen that the dispersion coefficient is affected by the presence of body acceleration as is evidenced by dramatic fluctuations in its magnitude during the course of the flow. We confirm that the peak of the mean concentration is dramatically reduced as the wall absorption coefficient increases, even in the presence of body acceleration. Based on the values of different parameters considered in the problem, the study can be applied to understand the dispersion phenomenon in narrow arteries

Three Winding Coupled Inductor Based Interleaved High Step Up Converter

This paper presents a three winding coupled inductor based interleaved high step up converter for fuel cell based applications. The main aim is to reduce the ripple voltage on output side and to increase the output voltage. Also, the design is to reduce the voltage stress in order to achieve the ZVS (Zero Voltage Switching) and to reduce the leakage current in soft switching method. Converter is designed for high frequency range of 20 kHz is simulated. The output side connects the T-filter to reduce the output ripple voltage. Theconverter achieves high step-up voltage gain with appropriate duty ratio and low voltage stress on the power switch. By adjusting the turn s ratio of coupled inductor high step up gain can be achieved. Additionally, the energy stored in the leakage inductor of the coupled inductor can be recycled to the output capacitor. Low rated switch with low RDS-ON reduces conduction losses. Circuit simulations of open loop results are presented and are shown to have excellent agreement with the fundamental analysis

Construction Site Accident Avoidance

Abstract: Visual examination of the plant and in- time memorial to the failure of wearing a safety helmet is of particular significance to avoid injuries of workers at the construction point. Videotape monitoring systems give a large quantum of unshaped image data on- point for this purpose, still, taking a computer vision- based automatic result for real- time discovery. In this regard, we develop a deep learning-based system for the real- time discovery of a safety helmet at the construction point. i.e. presented system uses the YOLO algorithm that's grounded on convolutional neural networks. The trial results demonstrate that the presented machine learning-based model using the YOLO algorithm is able of detecting the unsafe operation of failure of wearing a helmet at the construction point, with satisfactory delicacy and efficiency. However, also the system generates a sound indicating it, If any worker fails to wear helmet. Using color code safety helmets at the workplace is very beneficial. It is also proved that many countries which are using color coding system for safety helmets, have made the working process fast and smooth. There are some specific standard color codes which are already defined for these safety helmets based on job sites or working environment you are present. It will be very helpful for identifying the key people at the time of emergency. This system ables to detect the particular job profile that the employees holding based upon the color of helmet he/she is wearing. This system also includes a module which is able to detect whether the worker is working or idle. we analyze the movement of worker in real-time.</jats:p