Reproducibility of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) assessment in endometrial cancer

Aims Lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) in endometrial cancer (EC) is an important prognostic variable impacting on a patient's individual recurrence risk and adjuvant treatment recommendations. Recent work has shown that grading the extent of LVSI further improves its prognostic strength in patients with stage I endometrioid EC. Despite this, there is little information on the reproducibility of LVSI assessment in EC. Therefore, we designed a study to evaluate interobserver agreement in discriminating true LVSI from LVSI mimics (Phase I) and reproducibility of grading extent of LVSI (Phase II). Methods and results Scanned haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) slides of endometrioid EC (EEC) with a predefined possible LVSI focus were hosted on a website and assessed by a panel of six European gynaecological pathologists. In Phase I, 48 H&E slides were included for LVSI assessment and in Phase II, 42 H&E slides for LVSI grading. Each observer was instructed to apply the criteria for LVSI used in daily practice. The degree of agreement was measured using the two-way absolute agreement average-measures intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Reproducibility of LVSI assessment (ICC = 0.64, P < 0.001) and LVSI grading (ICC = 0.62, P < 0.001) in EEC was substantial among the observers. Conclusions Given the good reproducibility of LVSI, this study further supports the important role of LVSI in decision algorithms for adjuvant treatment

A Study on Consumer Preference towards Indigenous Cow Milk in Coimbatore City

The demand for milk from indigenous cows had greatly grown over the time, particularly in India. There is a shift toward the consumption of milk from indigenous cows to milk from cross breed cows for a variety of reasons, including the health benefits and other attributes like taste, quality and freshness. The objective of the study was to understand the consumer buying behaviour and preference for consumption and purchase of indigenous cow milk. Through purposive sampling, data on purchase and consumption was collected between March 2022 and May 2022 from 50 indigenous cow milk consumers in Coimbatore city. Primary data was collected through a well-structured questionnaire. Relative Importance Index and Garett’s ranking technique were carried out to analyse the information collected. The study’s results revealed that comparatively higher price and less availability of indigenous cow milk was the major limitation for the consumers in purchasing indigenous cow milk and it could be evident that the health benefits of indigenous cow milk was the first factor influencing the sample respondents to purchase and consume indigenous cow milk

Multitargeted Low-Dose GLAD Combination Chemoprevention: A Novel and Promising Approach to Combat Colon Carcinogenesis

AbstractPreclinical studies have shown that gefitinib, licofelone, atorvastatin, and α-difluoromethylornithine (GLAD) are promising colon cancer chemopreventive agents. Because low-dose combination regimens can offer potential additive or synergistic effects without toxicity, GLAD combination was tested for toxicity and chemopreventive efficacy for suppression of intestinal tumorigenesis in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)Min/+ mice. Six-week-old wild-type and APCMin/+ mice were fed modified American Institute of Nutrition 76A diets with or without GLAD (25 + 50 + 50 + 500 ppm) for 14 weeks. Dietary GLAD caused no signs of toxicity based on organ pathology and liver enzyme profiles. GLAD feeding strongly inhibited (80–83%, P < .0001) total intestinal tumor multiplicity and size in APCMin/+ mice (means ± SEM tumors for control vs GLAD were 67.1 ± 5.4 vs 11.3 ± 1.1 in males and 72.3 ± 8.9 vs 14.5 ± 2.8 in females). Mice fed GLAD had >95% fewer polyps with sizes of >2 mm compared with control mice and showed 75% and 85% inhibition of colonic tumors in males and females, respectively. Molecular analyses of polyps suggested that GLAD exerts efficacy by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, decreasing β-catenin and caveolin-1 levels, increasing caspase-3 cleavage and p21, and modulating expression profile of inflammatory cytokines. These observations demonstrate that GLAD, a novel cocktail of chemopreventive agents at very low doses, suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis in APCMin/+ mice with no toxicity. This novel strategy to prevent colorectal cancer is an important step in developing agents with high efficacy without unwanted side effects

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICE AND ATTITUDE ON MENSTRUAL HYGIENE AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL

Menstruation is a monthly occurring physiological process among women when she enters adolescence. Menstruation requires certain requirement and facilities, lacking of which restricts their health and self confidence. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of menstrual hygiene among medical students. A pre formed Self-developed, pre-validated questionnaire was used. The protocol and purpose of the study was explained to students and requested to complete the questionnaire. Data collected were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed. Out of 300 students, 270 gave completed response. Mean age of menarche was 12 years. The main source of information regarding the menstrual practice was found to be mother 79.25%. About 68.6% students were aware that menstruation is a physiological process, where as 20% thought that it was a curse of god. Majority of them 80% responded menstrual blood was impure and excessive bleeding will lead to anemia. 100% of the students followed proper sanitary habits. 97.03% of them used sanitary napkins instead of sanitary towels /cloth as menstrual absorbent. 74% girls had regular menses with moderate blood. Menstrual disturbance was seen among 74% of the girls. 60.6% girls were forced to follow different restrictions like not allowed to visit holy places. From our study we came to know that majority of the Medical students have proper knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene. Medical student being a health care professional in future will help in giving proper knowledge about menstrual hygiene and bring in a disease free and healthy society

Effect of ageing on physicochemical properties and textural changes in hot boned meat from young and old Indian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Current study was carried out to investigate the ageing changes in hot boned meat from young (&lt;2 years age) and old (spent animals of &gt;10 years age) buffaloes at refrigeration temperature over a period of 6 days. The pH and water holding capacity have reduced (P&lt;0.05) during ageing period in both young and old buffalo meat. Protein extractability and muscle fibre diameter was higher (P&lt;0.05) in meat from old buffaloes relative to young buffalo meat, however no change (P&gt;0.05) was observed during ageing. Increase (P&lt;0.05) in myofibrillar fragmentation index was observed in young buffalo meat on 6th day of ageing. Reduction (P&lt;0.05) in Warner-Bratzler shear force values were observed on 6th day of ageing compared to 0’ day in both young and old buffalo meat. The SDS- PAGE analysis revealed the appearance of 30 kDa protein bands on 4th and 6th day of ageing in young and old buffalo meat, respectively. These results suggests tenderization of hot boned buffalo meat subjected to ageing

Biomaterials in Endodontics: a review

Biomaterials have evolved over the past three decades and are relatively specialized, highly biocompatible, but low-strength dental materials. Bioactive materials can interact with living tissues or systems. The newly emerging bioactive category of dental materials has expanded clinical uses in restorative dentistry and endodontics. Examples of bioactive materials are  Calcium Silicate containing Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (Portland cement); Calcium Silicate cements lacking aluminium and containing phosphate: Bioagrregate,  iRoot SP and iRoot BP (Endosequence), Calcium Silicate cements containing predominantly Tricalcium Silicate: Bio-active Glass, Calcium Phosphate based materials: Tricalcium Phosphate, Hydroxyapatite, Calcium Phosphate cements and Calcium Aluminate based materials: GIC based luting cements; Bioactive Glass. Other biomimetic materials include Emdogain, Platelet Rich Plasma, Platelet Rich Fibrin, Bone grafts and barrier membranes. Thus, the objective of this review was to compare and review the composition, and properties of these bioactive materials in endodontics

Deciphering proteome changes and meat texture of traditional halal slaughtered spent sheep subjected to low-voltage electrical stimulation and ageing

The present study evaluated the effect of low-voltage electrical stimulation (LVES, 42 V peak, 0.6 Amp, 50 Hz) and ageing in traditional halal slaughtered Nellore crossbred spent-sheep (Ovis aries). The LVES accelerated the post-mortem glycolysis with a significant decline in pH and shear force values and improvement in water-holding capacity, cooking yield, protein extractability, and an early onset of rigor-mortis relative to non-stimulated control. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with tandem mass spectrometry identified myosin regulatory light chain 2, NADH dehydrogenase, myoglobin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from traditional halal slaughtered sheep meat. PANTHER analysis of differentially expressed proteins indicated their involvement in structural (50%), catalytic (25%), and binding (25%) activities. The current study provides a novel insight into the contribution of different proteins in orchestrating meat texture from traditional halal slaughtered spent sheep meat subjected to LVES and ageing

Distribution and Abundance of Seven Spotted Ladybird Beetle (Coccinella septempunctata) Linnaeus in Different Cropping System at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India

The primary objective of this research is to provide insight into how abiotic factors affect the coccinellid beetle population in Pantnagar region, India. The current study was conducted at six distinct Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, regions between November 2020 and April 2021. Predatory coccinellid beetle C. septumpunctata, diversity was investigated in a variety of crops, including ornamental, vegetable, fruit, and field crops. Seasonal abundance of C. septumpunctata, in different crops revealed that during the 50th standard meteorological week (SMW), there were more coccinellids in mustard fields than in other field crops. This suggests that conditions were favourable for both predators and prey. Similar to this, during the 12th SMW, rose crops had a high population of coccinellids, and during the 15th SMW, coriander had the largest population of ladybird beetles (98) among vegetable crops. Guava had the largest population of ladybird beetles in fruit orchards (75). Correlation studies between the population of ladybird beetles and weather factors revealed that in crops like mustard, rose, guava, and coriander, where high numbers of coccinellids were observed, the climatic conditions favored the coccinellids, and the availability of prey species

Investigations of Common Effluent Treatment Plant Sludge based Controlled Low-Strength Material

453-456The management of industrial waste is a difficult task in the developing country like India. In the study, fresh and in-service properties of controlled low-strength material (CLSM) consisting of cement, class-F flyash, CETP sludge, M-sand and water were determined by laboratory scale tests. The CETP considered when combined with cement and flyash, exhibit self-hardening characteristics similar to cement. The developed CLSM constitute for five classes of mix design (A, B, C, D and E). The results show that the proposed CLSM satisfy for the pavement backfilling for sub-base and sub-grade of flexible pavement requirements