An Approach to Find Missing Values in Medical Datasets

Mining medical datasets is a challenging problem before data mining researchers as these datasets have several hidden challenges compared to conventional datasets.Starting from the collection of samples through field experiments and clinical trials to performing classification,there are numerous challenges at every stage in the mining process. The preprocessing phase in the mining process itself is a challenging issue when, we work on medical datasets. One of the prime challenges in mining medical datasets is handling missing values which is part of preprocessing phase. In this paper, we address the issue of handling missing values in medical dataset consisting of categorical attribute values. The main contribution of this research is to use the proposed imputation measure to estimate and fix the missing values. We discuss a case study to demonstrate the working of proposed measure.Comment: 7 pages,ACM Digital Library, ICEMIS September 201

The epigenetic mechanism of mechanically induced osteogenic differentiation

Epigenetic regulation of gene expression occurs due to alterations in chromatin proteins that do not change DNA sequence, but alter the chromatin architecture and the accessibility of genes, resulting in changes to gene expression that are preserved during cell division. Through this process genes are switched on or off in a more durable fashion than other transient mechanisms of gene regulation, such as transcription factors. Thus, epigenetics is central to cellular differentiation and stem cell linage commitment. One such mechanism is DNA methylation, which is associated with gene silencing and is involved in a cell’s progression towards a specific fate. Mechanical signals are a crucial regulator of stem cell behavior and important in tissue differentiation; however, there has been no demonstration of a mechanism whereby mechanics can affect gene regulation at the epigenetic level. In this study, we identified candidate DNA methylation sites in the promoter regions of three osteogenic genes from bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We demonstrate that mechanical stimulation alters their epigenetic state by reducing DNA methylation and show an associated increase in expression. We contrast these results with biochemically induced differentiation and distinguish expression changes associated with durable epigenetic regulation from those likely to be due to transient changes in regulation. This is an important advance in stem cell mechanobiology as it is the first demonstration of a mechanism by which the mechanical micro-environment is able to induce epigenetic changes that control osteogenic cell fate, and that can be passed to daughter cells. This is a first step to understanding that will be vital to successful bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, where continued expression of a desired long-term phenotype is crucial

Literature review of image compression effects on face recognition

In this research work, a literature review is conducted to assess the progress made in the field of image compression effects on the face recognition. The DCT algorithms are considered for the review and their application is limited only to JPEG compression. In this review, progress made in the DCT algorithms of a single image, and a series images from a video, namely 2D DCT and 3D DCT respectively, along with several other algorithms in the application of face recognition are discussed in detail.&nbsp

Dynamic Vs Static Term-Expansion using Semantic Resources in Information Retrieval

Information Retrieval in a Telugu language is upcoming area of research. Telugu is one of the recognized Indian languages. We present a novel approach in reformulating item terms at the time of crawling and indexing. The idea is not new, but use of synset and other lexical resources in Indian languages context has limitations due to unavailability of language resources. We prepared a synset for 1,43,001 root words out of 4,83,670 unique words from training corpus of 3500 documents during indexing. Index time document expansion gave improved recall ratio, when compared to base line approach i.e. simple information retrieval without term expansion at both the ends. We studied the effect of query terms expansion at search time using synset and compared with simple information retrieval process without expansion, recall is greatly affected and improved. We further extended this work by expanding terms in two sides and plotted results, which resemble recall growth. Surprisingly all expansions are showing improvement in recall and little fall in precision. We argue that expansion of terms at any level may cause inverse effect on precision. Necessary care is required while expanding documents or queries with help of language resources like Synset, WordNet and other resources

A cross-sectional study to assess the adverse effect profile of second generation antipsychotics: risperidone, olanzapine and quetiapine

Background: Pharmacovigilance is the scientific approach to a drug related problem.  Psychotropic drugs are known to cause several adverse drug reactions (ADRs).  This study aimed to assess the adverse effect profile of 3 second generation antipsychotics-risperidone, olanzapine and quetiapine in patients on monotherapy of any of these second generation antipsychotics.Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted in psychiatric outpatient department of Psychiatry in Father Muller Mental Health Centre, Mangalore. The study sample consisted of patients suffering from schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders according to ICD 10 criteria (F20- F29) and who were maintaining remission  on any one of the second generation antipsychotics viz risperidone, olanzapine or quetiapine.Results: Out of 154 subjects, 68 were on risperidone, 74 were on olanzapine, and 12 were on quetiapine. Most common ADRs reported were increased appetite (26%), weight gain (15%), tremors (14%), fatigue (14%), constipation (14%), dyspepsia (10%), somnolence (12%), decreased appetite (10%). Among these ADRs none of them were preventable and belonged to mild to moderate severity. Causality of adverse events was assessed by Naranjo algorithm; a probability scale for ADR. Severity was assessed by modified Hartwig and Seigel scale. Preventability was assessed using Schumock and Thronton criteria.Conclusions: The most common ADRSs reported with SGAs were increased appetite and weight gain and the frequency of ADRs were higher with subjects receiving risperidone

Telugu Text Categorization using Language Models

Document categorization has become an emerging technique in the field of research due to the abundance of documents available in digital form. In this paper we propose language dependent and independent models applicable to categorization of Telugu documents. India is a multilingual country; a provision is made for each of the Indian states to choose their own authorized language for communicating at the state level for legitimate purpose. The availability of constantly increasing amount of textual data of various Indian regional languages in electronic form has accelerated. Hence, the Classification of text documents based on languages is crucial. Telugu is the third most spoken language in India and one of the fifteen most spoken language n the world. It is the official language of the states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. A variant of k-nearest neighbors algorithm used for categorization process. The results obtained by the Comparisons of language dependent and independent models

Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Activity and DNA Binding Studies of Metal Complexes with 4-Aminoantipyrine Schiff Base Ligand

A new series of transition metal complexes of Cu(II),Ni(II),Co(II), Zn(II) and VO(IV) have been synthesized from the Schiff base ligand (L) derived from 4-amino antipyrine and 5- bromo salicylaldehyde. The structural features of Schiff base and metal complexes were determined from their elemental analyses, thermogravimetric studies, magneticsusceptibility, molar conductivity, ESI-Mass, IR, UV-VIS, 1H NMR and ESR spectral studies. The data show that the complexes have composition of ML2 type. The UV-VIS, magnetic susceptibility and ESR spectral data suggest an octahedral geometry around the central metal ion. Biological screening of the complexes reveals that the Schiff base transition metal complexes show significant activity against microorganisms. Binding of Co(II) complex with calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) was studied by spectral methods

Smart Farming Solution Using Embedded System

Agricultural sector is going to face enormous difficulties since it has to feed 9.6 billion people by 2050, Therefore food production must increase by 70% by 2050. One way to address this issue and increase the quality and quantity of agricultural production is using sensing technology to make farming simple and it is called as smart farming. Smart farming has a potential to deliver a more productive and sustainable production and uses more precise and resource-efficient approach