Economics of Scope, Agglomeration and Location of the Multinational Firm

A classification of the locational patterns of firms (with economies of scope present) is outlined, in order to cast light on the location of the multiplant, multinational firm. This is driven by three forces: economies of scope that follow from the co-location of different activities; transportation costs of the final good; and factor mobility costs. It is concluded that the single-plant firm prevails when spatial economies of scope are strong in relation to either transportation or mobility costs. The vertical (horizontal) multiplant firm emerges when mobility costs of factors (transportation costs on the final good) are high. These two kinds of spatial costs, which are mutually exclusive, favor the formation of multinational firms.Economies of scope; Economies of agglomeration; Multiplant firms; Multinational firms.

Formation of Atomic Carbon Chains from Graphene Nanoribbons

The formation of one-dimensional carbon chains from graphene nanoribbons is investigated using it ab initio molecular dynamics. We show under what conditions it is possible to obtain a linear atomic chain via pulling of the graphene nanoribbons. The presence of dimers composed of two-coordinated carbon atoms at the edge of the ribbons is necessary for the formation of the linear chains, otherwise there is simply the full rupture of the structure. The presence of Stone-Wales defects close to these dimers may lead to the formation of longer chains. The local atomic configuration of the suspended atoms indicates the formation of single and triple bonds, which is a characteristic of polyynes.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Barrierless procedure for substitutionally doping graphene sheets with boron atoms: ab initio calculations

Using ab initio methods, we propose a simple and effective way to substitutionally dope graphene sheets with Boron. The method consists of selectively exposing each side of the graphene sheet to different elements. We first expose one side of the membrane to Boron, while the other side is exposed to Nitrogen. Proceeding this way, the B atoms will be spontaneously incorporated into the graphene membrane, without any activation barrier. In a second step, the system should be exposed to a H-rich environment, that will remove the CN radical from the layer and form HCN, leading to a perfect substitutional doping.Comment: Accepted Physical Review

Spectral Bandwidth and WEC Performance Assessment

This paper investigates the dependency of wave energy conversion on the spectral bandwidth of sea-states. To this aim, the performance of an axisymmetrical Wave Energy Converter is assessed in the frequency domain by using a stochastic model in two far different wave climates (Portugal and North Sea) both represented by more than 23000 energy spectral densities obtained from measurements. The correlation between the performance and various bandwidth parameters found in the literature is observed. Then, refined methods for predicting the long-term converted wave energy based on wave statistics including spectral bandwidth are compared to more common procedures and conclusions are drawn

Procedimento de operação, manutenção e verificação de centrífuga JOUAN refrigerada.

bitstream/CENARGEN/29585/1/ct064.pd

LATE TRAUMATIC BIRTH COMPLICATION

Introdução: A necrose gorda do tecido subcutâneo (NGTS) é uma patologia transitória rara do tecido adiposo, que afeta sobretudo recém-nascidos de termo ou pós-termo com um período perinatal complicado. Caso clínico: Recém-nascido de termo, grande para a idade gestacional, nascido por parto vaginal complicado, com necessidade de reanimação. Aos 13 dias de vida surgiram lesões cutâneas compatíveis com NGTS, que resolveram sem complicações. Discussão: Relatamos um caso de NGTS que apresentou uma evolução benigna, para relembrarmos esta entidade incomum. A patogenia é mal compreendida e, embora geralmente resolva espontaneamente, pode complicar-se de hipercalcemia condicionando uma evolução desfavorável

Psychometric validation of the Turkish nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short Form (IGDS9-SF)

The main aims of the current study were to test the factor structure, reliability and validity of the nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9- SF), a standardized measure to assess symptoms and prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). In the present study participants were assessed with the IGDS9-SF, nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGDS) and the Young's Internet Addiction Test-Short Form (YIAT-SF). Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the factor structure (i.e., the dimensional structure) of the IGDS9-SF was satisfactory. The scale was also reliable (i.e., internally consistent with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89) and showed adequate convergent and criterion-related validity, as indicated by statistically significant positive correlations between average time daily spent playing games during last year, IGDS and YIAT-SF scores. By applying the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) threshold for diagnosing IGD (e.g., endorsing at least five criteria), it was found that the prevalence of disordered gamers ranged from 0.96% (whole sample) to 2.57% (e-sports players). These findings support the Turkish version of the IGDS9-SF as a valid and reliable tool for determining the extent of IGD-related problems among young adults and for the purposes of early IGD diagnosis in clinical settings and similar research

Peri-exercise co-ingestion of branched-chain amino acids and carbohydrate in men does not preferentially augment resistance exercise-induced increases in PI3K/Akt-mTOR pathway markers indicative of muscle protein synthesis

The effects of a single bout of resistance exercise (RE) in conjunction with peri-exercise branched chain amino acid (BCAA) and carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion on skeletal muscle signaling markers indicative of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) were determined. It was hypothesized that CHO + BCAA would elicit a more profound effect on these signaling markers compared to CHO. Twenty-seven males were randomly assigned to CHO, CHO + BCAA, or placebo (PLC) groups. Four sets of leg presses and leg extensions were performed at 80% 1RM. Supplements were ingested 30 min and immediately prior to and after RE. Venous blood and muscle biopsy samples were obtained immediately prior to supplement ingestion and 0.5 hr, 2 hr, and 6 hr after RE. Serum insulin and glucose and phosphorylated levels of muscle insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), protein kinase B (Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), p70S6 kinase (p70S6K), and 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) were assessed. Data were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Significant group x time interactions were observed for glucose and insulin (p \u3c 0.05) showing that CHO and CHO + BCAA were significantly greater than PLC. Significant time main effects were observed for IRS1 (p = 0.001), Akt (p = 0.031), mTOR (p = 0.003), and p70S6K (p = 0.001). CHO and CHO + BCAA supplementation significantly increased IRS-1 compared to PLC (p = 0.002). However, peri-exercise co-ingestion of CHO and BCAA did not augment RE-induced increases in skeletal muscle signaling markers indicative of MPS when compared to CHO

O efeito do arranjo espacial sobre conformação de frutos e teor de sólidos solúveis do híbrido BRS Sena.

Este trabalho tem por objetivo determinar a influência do arranjo espacial na conformação dos frutos e no teor de sólidos soluveis.Trabalho 7