Análisis de Ciclo de Vida para el ecodiseño del sistema Intemper TF de cubierta ecológica aljibe

The construction industry is one of the less sustainable activities on the planet: with a consumption of 40% of the materials entering the global economy and the generation of 40–50% of the global output of greenhouse gases. The biggest environmental impact caused by buildings is generated during their use phase due to the energy consumption for thermal conditioning. Addition of green elements to buildings is used to improve energy efficiency of buildings. In this study Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology has been applied to quantify the environmental impact of the green roofs materials to analyze its environmental profile. The identification of hot spots of the system permits an ecodesign strategy that effectively reduces environmental burdens associated with roof construction, optimizing the environmental performance. The results identify the high environmental impact associated to the structure, the important contribution of the felt wick irrigation system and the extruded polystyrene thermal insulation.El sector de la construcción representa una de las actividades menos sostenibles del planeta: consume el 40% de los materiales de la economía global y genera el 40-50% de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El mayor impacto ambiental de los edificios se genera durante su fase de uso, debido al gasto energético de su acondicionamiento térmico. El uso de elementos vegetales es una de las estrategias empleadas para aumentar la eficiencia energética. En este trabajo se ha empleado la metodología de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) para cuantificar el impacto ambiental de los materiales de la cubierta vegetal. Se han identificado los puntos críticos del sistema para establecer una estrategia de ecodiseño y reducir eficazmente las cargas ambientales. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la importancia del impacto ambiental del soporte estructural, la elevada contribución de la mecha de riego de fieltro y del aislamiento de poliestireno extrudido

Análisis de Ciclo de Vida para el ecodiseño del sistema Intemper TF de cubierta ecológica aljibe

The construction industry is one of the less sustainable activities on the planet: with a consumption of 40% of the materials entering the global economy and the generation of 40–50% of the global output of greenhouse gases. The biggest environmental impact caused by buildings is generated during their use phase due to the energy consumption for thermal conditioning. Addition of green elements to buildings is used to improve energy efficiency of buildings. In this study Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology has been applied to quantify the environmental impact of the green roofs materials to analyze its environmental profile. The identification of hot spots of the system permits an ecodesign strategy that effectively reduces environmental burdens associated with roof construction, optimizing the environmental performance. The results identify the high environmental impact associated to the structure, the important contribution of the felt wick irrigation system and the extruded polystyrene thermal insulation.El sector de la construcción representa una de las actividades menos sostenibles del planeta: consume el 40% de los materiales de la economía global y genera el 40-50% de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. El mayor impacto ambiental de los edificios se genera durante su fase de uso, debido al gasto energético de su acondicionamiento térmico. El uso de elementos vegetales es una de las estrategias empleadas para aumentar la eficiencia energética. En este trabajo se ha empleado la metodología de Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) para cuantificar el impacto ambiental de los materiales de la cubierta vegetal. Se han identificado los puntos críticos del sistema para establecer una estrategia de ecodiseño y reducir eficazmente las cargas ambientales. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la importancia del impacto ambiental del soporte estructural, la elevada contribución de la mecha de riego de fieltro y del aislamiento de poliestireno extrudido

Physical and mechanical properties of particleboard bamboo waste bonded with urea formaldehyde and castor oil based adhesive

This study evaluated the physical and mechanical characteristics of particleboards made of bamboo waste from the species Dendrocalamus giganteus bonded with two different types of adhesives: urea-formaldehyde (UF) and a castor oil based adhesive (M). Thus, eight types of particleboards were produced in the proportions of 6%, 8%, 10% and 12% for each adhesive. The results showed that particleboards produced with UF and M adhesives had acceptable behavior for physical tests according to the Brazilian standard NBR 14810. The results attained in mechanical tests (MOR and MOE), for all particleboards, were below the requirements for structural usage. This indicates that the residue of bamboo is a feasible raw material alternative for particleboards produced for non structural purposes, such as liners, partitions and other uses for internal seal. Regarding the adhesives, the particleboards produced with UF particleboards showed superior results for both physical and mechanical characteristics, when compared to M particleboards with the same percentage of adhesive.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Engn Bauru, Programa Posgrad Engn Prod, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Engn Ind Madeireira, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Engn Bauru, Programa Posgrad Engn Prod, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Engn Ind Madeireira, Sao Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 07/59434-

Produção de chapas de partículas com resíduos de madeira Cordia goeldiana

The aim of this research consisted in the use of wastes from tropical wood (Cordia goeldiana) with low density and the polyurethane resin (mono and bicomponent) castor oil based in the manufacture of particleboards, generating subsidies as application in rural and civil construction, as well in the furniture industry. The particleboards were manufactured with 15% of polyurethane resin content (one part of pre-polymer and one part of polyol), compaction pressure of 4MPa, pressing temperature of 90 degrees C and press time of 7 minutes. The physical and mechanical properties investigated were density, moisture content, strength modulus in bending and internal bond, both obtained according to the recommendations of the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 14810:2002. The mean values obtained for these properties were systematically superior to the Brazilian standard requirement. This point showed that it is possible the use of Cordia goeldiana wastes in the particleboard production. We confirmed the hypothesis of a significant linear relation between density and the internal bond of the panels, allowing the estimation of the internal bond of particleboards.O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu no aproveitamento de resíduos de madeira tropical de baixa densidade (Cordia goeldiana) para confecção de chapas de partículas com resinas poliuretanas monocomponente e bicomponente derivadas de óleo de mamona, gerando subsídios como aplicação nas construções rurais e civis, assim como na indústria moveleira. As propriedades físicas e mecânicas investigadas foram: densidade; teor de umidade; módulo de resistência na flexão estática e adesão interna, ambas obtidas segundo os procedimentos de cálculo propostos pela norma Brasileira NBR 14810:2002. As chapas foram confeccionadas com 15% de resina (uma parte de poliol para uma parte de pré-polímero), 4MPa de pressão de compactação, temperatura de prensagem de 90oC e tempo de prensagem de 7 minutos. Os valores médios obtidos das propriedades físicas e mecânicas das chapas foram sistematicamente superiores aos requisitos da norma Brasileira, evidenciando a possibilidade do emprego dos resíduos da madeira de Cordia goeldiana na produção de painéis de partículas. Confirmou-se também a hipótese da significativa relação linear entre a densidade das chapas com a adesão interna, o que possibilita a estimativa da adesão interna para painéis de partículas de madeira.Departamento de Engenharia Civil (DECiv), Centro de Inovação e Tecnologia em Compósitos (CITeC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) / São Carlos – SP, Fone: (16) 3351-8262Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica (DEMEC), Centro de Inovação e Tecnologia em Compósitos (CITeC), Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ) / São João del-Rei – MGDepartamento de Engenharia Mecânica (DEMEC), Centro de Inovação e Tecnologia em Compósitos (CITeC), Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ) / São João del-Rei – MGDepartamento de Engenharia Civil (SET), Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos da Universidade de São Paulo (EESC/USP) / São Carlos – SPDepartamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) / Ilha Solteira – SPFaculdade de Engenharia Industrial Madeireira, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) / Itapeva – SP, [email protected]

Biomaterials for Building Skins

Bio-based materials are considered a promising resource for buildings in the twenty-first century due to their sustainability and versatility. They can be produced locally, with minimum transportation costs and in an ecological manner. This chapter describes the potential of biomaterials for use in façades. It presents several examples of natural resources, including innovative alternative materials that are suitable for implementation as a building skin. Novel products resulting from material modifications and functionalization are presented, including a brief discussion on their environmental impacts. Alternative strategies for optimal biomaterials' recycling, reuse, and other end-of-life strategies are presented and supported with case study examples