Cardiopulmonary responses to exercise in moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea.

Information regarding the safety of maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) or the mechanisms of exercise limitation in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients is fairly limited. In the present study, we addressed the problem of exercise capacity in moderate-to-severe OSA patients. Nineteen non-consecutive patients (three female, 16 male) with moderate-to-severe OSA and 11 age and body mass index matched control subjects (four female, seven male) underwent respiratory function tests during pre-exercise resting period and volitionally limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing on an electronically braked cycle ergometer. All participants completed CPET without any complication. Control subjects were exercise limited due to deconditioning. None of the patients revealed mechanical ventilatory limitation to exercise or had evidence of cardiac ischaemia. Five patients had no limitation to exercise. Six patients had low VO2peak, low anaerobic treshold (AT), and low peak O2 pulse, a pattern consistent with ventricular dysfunction. Six patients had low VO2peak, low AT, and peak heart rate less than 85% predicted. This pattern is consistent with exercise limitation due to peripheral vascular disease. Two patients had low VO2peak, low AT without peak oxygen pulse and peak heart rate abnormalities consistent with deconditioning. We concluded that moderate-to-severe OSA patients have impaired exercise capacity. Exercise limitation seems to originate from cardiovascular reasons namely left ventricular dysfunction and/or peripheral vascular impairment; and finally, maximal CPET can be tolerated by these patient group without serious complications

Sensitization to horse hair, symptoms and lung function in grooms

Objective This study aimed to investigate the rate of occupational sensitization to horse hair in grooms and whether occupational exposure to horse hair increases respiratory and allergic symptoms and affects lung function in grooms or not

Effects of heparin on hypertonic potassium chloride-induced bronchoconstriction

BACKGROUND: Changes in bronchial osmolarity Is a well-known factor for bronchoconstriction. Recently, nonisotonic aerosols have begun to be used for the assessment of bronchial hyperreactivity. Hypertonic KCl can cause bronchoconstriction even in nonsymptomatic asthmatic patents