Effect of an optimised pelleted diet on Salmonella prevalence and pig productivity

The effect of an optimised, wheat based pelleted diet containing barley, sugar beet pulp and organic acids on Salmonella prevalence and pig productivity was investigated in two finisher herds. The optimised diet significantly reduced Salmonella seroprevalence compared to standard pelleted feed and meal feed. In contrast to previous studies, meal feed did not have a significant Salmonella reducing effect in this study. Meal diet but not the optimised diet had a significant negative effect on pig productivity, compared to the standard pelleted diet. Our results show that the optimised diet is a suitable alternative to wheat based pelleted feed or meal feed in reducing Salmonella prevalence in finisher pigs

Accurate masses and radii of normal stars: modern results and applications

This paper presents and discusses a critical compilation of accurate, fundamental determinations of stellar masses and radii. We have identified 95 detached binary systems containing 190 stars (94 eclipsing systems, and alpha Centauri) that satisfy our criterion that the mass and radius of both stars be known to 3% or better. To these we add interstellar reddening, effective temperature, metal abundance, rotational velocity and apsidal motion determinations when available, and we compute a number of other physical parameters, notably luminosity and distance. We discuss the use of this information for testing models of stellar evolution. The amount and quality of the data also allow us to analyse the tidal evolution of the systems in considerable depth, testing prescriptions of rotational synchronisation and orbital circularisation in greater detail than possible before. The new data also enable us to derive empirical calibrations of M and R for single (post-) main-sequence stars above 0.6 M(Sun). Simple, polynomial functions of T(eff), log g and [Fe/H] yield M and R with errors of 6% and 3%, respectively. Excellent agreement is found with independent determinations for host stars of transiting extrasolar planets, and good agreement with determinations of M and R from stellar models as constrained by trigonometric parallaxes and spectroscopic values of T(eff) and [Fe/H]. Finally, we list a set of 23 interferometric binaries with masses known to better than 3%, but without fundamental radius determinations (except alpha Aur). We discuss the prospects for improving these and other stellar parameters in the near future.Comment: 56 pages including figures and tables. To appear in The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. Ascii versions of the tables will appear in the online version of the articl

Lattice Boltzmann simulations of soft matter systems

This article concerns numerical simulations of the dynamics of particles immersed in a continuum solvent. As prototypical systems, we consider colloidal dispersions of spherical particles and solutions of uncharged polymers. After a brief explanation of the concept of hydrodynamic interactions, we give a general overview over the various simulation methods that have been developed to cope with the resulting computational problems. We then focus on the approach we have developed, which couples a system of particles to a lattice Boltzmann model representing the solvent degrees of freedom. The standard D3Q19 lattice Boltzmann model is derived and explained in depth, followed by a detailed discussion of complementary methods for the coupling of solvent and solute. Colloidal dispersions are best described in terms of extended particles with appropriate boundary conditions at the surfaces, while particles with internal degrees of freedom are easier to simulate as an arrangement of mass points with frictional coupling to the solvent. In both cases, particular care has been taken to simulate thermal fluctuations in a consistent way. The usefulness of this methodology is illustrated by studies from our own research, where the dynamics of colloidal and polymeric systems has been investigated in both equilibrium and nonequilibrium situations.Comment: Review article, submitted to Advances in Polymer Science. 16 figures, 76 page

Eclipsing binaries in open clusters. II. V453 Cyg in NGC 6871

We derive absolute dimensions of the early B-type detached eclipsing binary V453 Cygni (B0.4 IV + B0.7 IV, P=3.89d), a member of the open cluster NGC 6871. From the analysis of new, high-resolution, spectroscopy and the UBV light curves of Cohen (1974) we find the masses to be 14.36 +/- 0.20 and 11.11 +/- 0.13 Msun, the radii to be 8.55 +/- 0.06 and 5.49 +/- 0.06 Rsun, and the effective temperatures to be 26600 +/- 500 and 25 500 +/- 800 K for the primary and secondary stars, respectively. The surface gravities of 3.731 +/- 0.012 and 4.005 +/- 0.015 indicate that V453 Cyg is reaching the end of its main sequence lifetime. We have determined the apsidal motion period of the system to be 66.4 +/- 1.8 yr using the technique of Lacy (1992) extended to include spectroscopic data as well as times of minimum light, giving a density concentration coefficient of log(k_2) = -2.226 +/- 0.024. Contaminating (third) light has been detected for the first time in the light curve of V453 Cyg; previous analyses without this effect systematically underestimate the ratio of the radii of the two stars. The absolute dimensions of the system have been compared to the stellar evolution models of the Granada, Geneva, Padova and Cambridge groups. All model sets fit the data on V453 Cyg for solar helium and metal abundances and an age of 10.0 +/- 0.2 Myr. The Granada models also agree fully with the observed log(k_2) once general relativistic effects have been accounted for. The Cambridge models with convective core overshooting fit V453 Cyg better than those without. Given this success of the theoretical predictions, we briefly discuss which eclipsing binaries should be studied in order to further challenge the models.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (14 pages, 5 figures, Fig.4 reduced in size

HAT Variability Survey in the High Stellar Density "Kepler Field" with Millimagnitude Image Subtraction Photometry

The Hungarian-made Automated Telescope network (HATnet) is an ongoing project to detect transiting extra-solar planets using small aperture (11 cm diameter), robotic telescopes. In this paper we present the results from using image subtraction photometry to reduce a crowded stellar field observed with one of the HATnet telescopes (HAT-5). This field was chosen to overlap with the planned Kepler mission. We obtained I-band light curves for 98,000 objects in a 8.3x8.3 square degree field of view, near the Galactic plane in the constellations Cygnus and Lyra. These observations include 788 5-minute exposures over 30 days. For the brightest stars (I~8.0) we achieved a precision of 3.5 millimagnitudes, falling to 0.1 magnitudes at the faint end (I~14). From these light curves we identify 1617 variable stars, of which 1439 are newly discovered. The fact that nearly 90% of the variables were previously undetected further demonstrates the vast number of variables yet to be discovered even among fairly bright stars in our Galaxy. We also discuss some of the most interesting cases. These include: V1171 Cyg, a triple system with the inner two stars in P=1.462 day period eclipsing orbit and the outer star a P=4.86 day Cepheid; HD227269, an eccentric eclipsing system with a P=4.86 day period that also shows P=2.907 day pulsations; WW Cyg, a well studied eclipsing binary; V482 Cyg, an RCB star; and V546 Cyg, a PV Tel Variable. We also detect a number of small amplitude variables, in some cases with full amplitude as low as 10 mmag.Comment: 44 pages, 19 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. Revised version, including updated matches to existing catalogs. Data available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~gbakos/HAT/LC/199

AE Aquarii represents a new subclass of Cataclysmic Variables

We analyze properties of the unique nova-like star AE Aquarii identified with a close binary system containing a red dwarf and a very fast rotating magnetized white dwarf. It cannot be assigned to any of the three commonly adopted sub-classes of Cataclysmic Variables: Polars, Intermediate Polars, and Accreting non-magnetized White Dwarfs. Our study has shown that the white dwarf in AE Aqr is in the ejector state and its dipole magnetic moment is $\mu ~ 1.5 \times 10^{34} G cm^3$. It switched into this state due to intensive mass exchange between the system components during a previous epoch. A high rate of disk accretion onto the white dwarf surface resulted in temporary screening of its magnetic field and spin-up of the white dwarf to its present spin period. Transition of the white dwarf to the ejector state had occurred at a final stage of the spin-up epoch as its magnetic field emerged from the accreted plasma due to diffusion. In the frame of this scenario AE Aqr represents a missing link in the chain of Polars evolution and the white dwarf resembles a recycled pulsar.Comment: accepted for publication in Astronomy Reports (July 2012

Comments on ASA Z21.11 - 1956 Gas Fired Room Heaters

Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye

Comments on A.S.A. Z21.13.3 - 1956 Gravity and Fan Type Floor Furnaces

Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye

Comments on ASA Z21.13.4 - 1955 Gravity and Fan Type Vented Recessed Heaters

Peer reviewed: NoNRC publication: Ye