Efektivitas Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes), Hydrilla (Hydrilla Verticillata), dan Rumput Payung (Cyperus Alterni-folius) dalam Pengolahan Limbah Grey Water

The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of each phytoremediation agents, namely water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) and Umbrella Grass (Cyperus al-ternifolius) in domestic wastewater remediate greywater manifold. The method used is pupossive sampling. Domestic waste water samples taken from residential waste and plant samples were taken from the field. Do-mestic waste water created within 4 concentrations are 100%, 75%, 5% and 25% and into the each concentra-tion of waste water planted with each phytoremediation agent. The result showed that water hyacinth (Eich-hornia crassipes) with 25% concentration of waste is most effective than the two other phytoremediation agents in remediate waste water with the ability to improve the quality of waste as indicated by the decline in 85% BOD value, 82% COD value, and 86% of TSS value

Kemampuan Fitoremediasi Salvinia Molesta D. S. Mitchell pada Beberapa Konsentrasi Limbah Cair Minyak Bumi

Penelitian tentang Kemampuan Fitoremediasi Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell pada Bebera-pa Konsentrasi Limbah Cair Minyak Bumi telah dilaksanakan pada Mei sampai Juni 2011. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kemampuan fitoremediasi S. molesta pada beberapa konsentrasi limbah cair minyak bumi dengan mengukur TPH (Total Petroleum Hidrokarbon), pH dan berat basah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan konsentrasi limbah 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60% dan 75%, dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa S. molesta mampu menurunkan TPH pada tiap perlakuan konsentrasi limbah cair minyak bumi, dengan penurunan TPH tertinggi diperoleh pada konsentrasi limbah 75%, yaitu sebesar 1317 ppm. Pada fitoremediasi limbah cair minyak bumi menggunakan S. molesta terjadi penurunan pH yang stabil. Pertumbuhan S. molesta yang tepat pada fitoremediasi limbah cair minyak bumi diperoleh pada konsentrasi limbah 60%, dengan per-tambahan berat basah selama 30 hari sebesar 68,85 g. Dari hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpul-kan bahwa konsentrasi limbah cair minyak bumi yang tepat untuk proses fitoremediasi dan per-tumbuhan S. molesta diperoleh pada konsentrasi limbah 60%, dengan penurunan TPH 1157 ppm

Incidence of Soybean Mosaic Disease in East Java Province

The objectives of this study were: 1) to identify the mosaic symptom severity and the incidence the virus and relate these to soybean yield reduction is four regions of East Java; 2) diagnostic of the symptom using Indirect ELISA, RT-PCR and electron microscope observation. Results from experiments indicated that soybean plants infected with SMV and CMMV, alone or in combination produced mosaic symptom. Incidence of the virus, as judged by symptomatology, ranged from mild to severe infection the percentage of plants being from 13.42-30.10%. Soybean plants with mosaic symptom caused SMV from an early stage of development (14-28 days after planting). Soybean mosaic virus belongs to the virus family Potyviridae. Specific DNA fragment of 1687 bp was successfully amplified from soybean infected by SMV isolate Ngawi, Madiun, Magetan, and Ponorogo. Specific DNA fragment of 1385 bp was successfully amplified from SMV by CI coding region. The mosaic symptom on soybean plant (28-42 days after planting) caused CMMV. Flexious virus particle 650 nm in length was observed on electron microscope. It caused local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor, but not detected by I ELISA with antiserum SMV and RT-PCR with universal primer

Photosynthetic Activity of Superior Varieties and Local Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Indonesia

&lt;p&gt;Productivity relates to the ability of photosynthesis. Therefore, the process of photosynthesis is important to promote growth, development and yield. There are many varieties of superior and local cassava (&lt;em&gt;Manihot esculenta &lt;/em&gt;Crantz) in Indonesia either unknown of their photosynthesis character. The study aims to investigate the characteristics of photosynthesis and influences of physiological parameters associated the activity of photosynthesis in cassava plants. A study was conducted on Inceptisol soils at UGM research at altitude 113 m above mean sea level between January and November 2014. The treatment of single factor is cassava varieties consist of Adira-4, Malang-6, UJ-5, Singgah and Ketan arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Cuttings size ±20 cm are planted upright with a distance of 1 m × 1 m (population of 10,000 plants ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). After six months, observation has been done of characters and physiological activities at 10 samples per plots and per varieties. The results showed that there are differences in the density of stomata, stomata aperture width, water content, chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate between varieties of cassava. Singgah varieties have the Ksd highest with medium Lbs and varieties local of Ketan lowest Ksd. The group of superior varieties of cassava have Kkt medium, but varieties of Malang-6 have Kkt slightly higher and the highest rate of photosynthesis. Singgah varieties have lowest leaves Kkt and medium rate of photosynthesis. Local varieties of Ketan have the highest Kkt and lowest rate of photosynthesis. Group cassava superior varieties had higher photosynthesis rate than the local varieties, local varieties Singgah has a moderate rate and higher than Ketan. Stomata density and the concentration of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; correlated positively and significantly affect the rate of photosynthesis while transpiration increase conductivity stomatal but negatively correlated to the rate of photosynthesis.&lt;/p&gt;</jats:p