Extrajudicial Killing as Risk Management

This article analyses legal aspects of the 'war on terror'. It argues that, by making recourse to a semantic of risk, danger and, in particular, precaution, the 'war on terror' blurs crucial political and legal categories of public and private, of peace and war, of combatants and civilians, thus redefining the relationship between political responsibility, time and security. As a consequence, the extrajudicial killing of individuals becomes a form of risk management that takes place beyond established mechanisms of accountability. © Sage Publications, Inc. 2008

Artificial intelligence and risk in design

Abstract As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are more and more integrated into everyday lives, both scholarly and popular discourses on AI’s often revolve around charting the various risks that may be associated with them. The manner and magnitude of risk that various researchers identify and foresee varies; however, what is common between them is, undoubtedly, the concept of risk itself. This concept, we argue, has been largely taken for granted by the fields involved in the research on AI’s; in other words, “risk” has been employed with an everyday sensibility without due critical examination. In this paper, we address risk as a concept directly, by examining interdisciplinary theories and literatures on risk to discuss examples of AI technologies. Through this work, we aim to begin a critical discussion of the importance of theorising risk within design research and practice, and within the development of emerging technologies