Dual function of Slit2 in repulsion and enhanced migration of trunk, but not vagal, neural crest cells

Neural crest precursors to the autonomic nervous system form different derivatives depending upon their axial level of origin; for example, vagal, but not trunk, neural crest cells form the enteric ganglia of the gut. Here, we show that Slit2 is expressed at the entrance of the gut, which is selectively invaded by vagal, but not trunk, neural crest. Accordingly, only trunk neural crest cells express Robo receptors. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that trunk, not vagal, crest cells avoid cells or cell membranes expressing Slit2, thereby contributing to the differential ability of neural crest populations to invade and innervate the gut. Conversely, exposure to soluble Slit2 significantly increases the distance traversed by trunk neural crest cells. These results suggest that Slit2 can act bifunctionally, both repulsing and stimulating the motility of trunk neural crest cells

Agricultura fenicio-púnica : Algunos problemas y un caso de estudio

[email protected] presente contribución pretende ser un breve acercamiento a los principales problemas que atañen a los estudios del mundo fenicio-púnico. Tras un repaso de la bibliografía clásica sobre la cuestión, se aborda el interés de las investigaciones pacienteso en curso, y se presentan los primeros resultados de los trabajos llevados a cabo en el S.O. de la isla da Ibiza entra l986 y [email protected]

Agricultura fenicio-pánica: algunos problemas y un caso de estudio

Sin resume

New methods for chicken embryo manipulations

The capacity to image a growing embryo while simultaneously studying the developmental function of specific molecules provides invaluable information on embryogenesis. However, until recently, this approach was accomplished with difficulty both because of the advanced technology needed and because an easy method of minimizing damage to the embryo was unavailable. Here, we present a novel way of adapting the well-known EC culture of whole chick embryos to time-lapse imaging and to functional molecular studies using blocking agents. The novelty of our method stems from the ability to apply blocking agents ex ovo as well as in ovo. We were able to study the function of a set of molecules by culturing developing embryos ex ovo in tissue culture media containing these molecules or by injecting them underneath the live embryo in ovo. The in ovo preparation is particularly valuable, because it extends the period of time during which the developmental function of the molecule can be studied and it provides an easy, reproducible method for screening a batch of molecules. These new techniques will prove very helpful in visualizing and understanding the role of specific molecules during embryonic morphogenesis, including blood vessel formation

Brook GLES Pi: democratising accelerator programming

Nowadays computing is heavily-based on accelerators, however, the cost of the hardware equipment prevents equal access to heterogeneous programming. In this work we present Brook GLES Pi, a port of the accelerator programming language Brook. Our solution, primarily focused on the educational platform Raspberry Pi, allows to teach, experiment and take advantage of heterogeneous programming on any low-cost embedded device featuring an OpenGL ES 2 GPU, democratising access to accelerator programming.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under grant TIN2015-65316-P and the HiPEAC Network of Excellence.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft