Prediction of Primary vs Secondary Hypertension in Children

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/91106/1/j.1751-7176.2012.00603.x.pd

Challenges in QCD matter physics - The Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR

Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100 (sqrt(s_NN) = 2.7 - 4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials (mu_B > 500 MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation-of-state at high density as it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including activities before the start of data taking in 2022, in the context of the worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures. Published in European Physical Journal

System size and centrality dependence of the balance function in A + A collisions at sqrt s NN = 17.2 GeV

Electric charge correlations were studied for p+p, C+C, Si+Si and centrality selected Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt s_NN = 17.2$ GeV with the NA49 large acceptance detector at the CERN-SPS. In particular, long range pseudo-rapidity correlations of oppositely charged particles were measured using the Balance Function method. The width of the Balance Function decreases with increasing system size and centrality of the reactions. This decrease could be related to an increasing delay of hadronization in central Pb+Pb collisions

System size and centrality dependence of the balance function in A+A collisions at sqrt[sNN]=17.2 GeV

Electric charge correlations were studied for p+p, C+C, Si+Si, and centrality selected Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt[sNN]=17.2 GeV with the NA49 large acceptance detector at the CERN SPS. In particular, long-range pseudorapidity correlations of oppositely charged particles were measured using the balance function method. The width of the balance function decreases with increasing system size and centrality of the reactions. This decrease could be related to an increasing delay of hadronization in central Pb+Pb collisions

A note on comonotonicity and positivity of the control components of decoupled quadratic FBSDE

In this small note we are concerned with the solution of Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) with drivers that grow quadratically in the control component (quadratic growth FBSDE or qgFBSDE). The main theorem is a comparison result that allows comparing componentwise the signs of the control processes of two different qgFBSDE. As a byproduct one obtains conditions that allow establishing the positivity of the control process.Comment: accepted for publicatio

Metil-formamida na criopreservação de sêmen ovino

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of methyl-formamide in ram semen cryopreservation. The semen pool used in this experiment was obtained by artificial vagina collection from four mixed breed Santa Inês rams, around four years of age. Semen collection was performed once a week, during six weeks. Each week corresponded to one experiment replication. The semen pool was divided in five fractions in order to be diluted in one of the following freezing media: (1) tris-egg yolk with 5.3% of glycerol (TG5.3G); (2) tris-egg yolk with 3% of methyl-formamide (TG3MF); tris-egg yolk with 5% of methyl-formamide (TG5MF); tris-egg yolk with 7% of methyl-formamide (TG7MF); tris-egg yolk with 9% of methyl-formamide (TG9MF). Semen progressive motility, vigor and thermoresistance were evaluated. The treatments TG5.3G (50%) and TG3MF (38%) showed higher progressive motility after thawing, while TG5MF (29%), TG7MF (1%) and TG9MF (6%) showerd lower motility. Freezing media containing methyl-formamide were less effective in preserving spermatozoa membrane integrity and morphology than control media. In TG7MF and TG9MF extenders, less than 60% spermatozoa showed normal morphology. After thermoresistance test, semen cryopreserved in TG3MF showed vigor (2.6) and motility (15%) statistically similar to TG5.3G media (15% and 2.8, respectively); however, the extender TG5.3G was more effective in preserving plasma membrane functional integrity. In conclusion, in the experimental conditions used, glycerol showed more cryoprotectant potential than methyl-formamide.KEYWORDS: Amide; glycerol; ram; tris-egg yolk. Objetivou-se avaliar a eficácia da metil-formamida na criopreservação do sêmen ovino. O pool de sêmen utilizado no experimento foi obtido a partir da coleta, com vagina artificial, do sêmen de quatro carneiros mestiços Santa Inês, com idade aproximada de quatro anos. As coletas foram realizadas uma vez por semana, por seis semanas consecutivas, correspondendo, cada semana, a uma repetição do experimento. As frações do pool foram diluídas em cinco diferentes meios de congelação: (1) tris-gema com 5,3% de glicerol (TG5,3G); (2) tris-gema com 3% de metil-formamida (TG3MF); (3) tris-gema com 5% de metilformamida (TG5MF); (4) tris-gema com 7% de metil-formamida (TG7MF); (5) tris-gema com 9% de metil-formamida (TG9MF). Foram avaliadas a motilidade progressiva e o vigor das células espermáticas e realizado o teste de termorresistência pós-descongelação. O tratamento que obteve maior motilidade foi o TG5,3G (50%), seguido do TG3MF (38%) e os tratamentos que apresentaram menor motilidade progressiva foram TG5MF (29%), TG7MF (1,0%), TG9MF (6,0%). Os meios contendo metil-formamida apresentaram resultados inferiores ao meio controle para preservar a integridade morfológica dos espermatozoides, sendo que nos meios TG7MF e TG9MF menos de 60% de espermatozóides apresentaram-se morfologicamente normais. Os espermatozoides do meio TG5,3G  apresentaram motilidade (15%) e vigor (2,8) similares aos do meio TG3MF (15% e 2,6, respectivamente) no teste de termorresistência, mas o meio TG5,3G preservou melhor a integridade funcional da membrana plasmática. O glicerol foi mais eficiente como crioprotetor do que a metil-formamida na criopreservação de sêmen ovino.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Amidas; carneiros; glicerol; tris-gema.

The Localizing and Lateralizing Value of Auras in Lesional Partial Epilepsy Patients

∙ The authors have no financial conflicts of interest. © Copyright: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2012 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens

A Novel Function of Apolipoprotein E: Upregulation of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1 Expression

Despite the well known importance of apolipoprotein (Apo) E in cholesterol efflux, the effect of ApoE on the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) has never been investigated. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of ApoE on ApoB-carrying lipoprotein-induced expression of ABCA1, a protein that mediates cholesterol efflux. Our data demonstrate that ApoB-carrying lipoproteins obtained from both wild-type and ApoE knockout mice induced ApoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux in mouse macrophages, which was associated with an enhanced ABCA1 promoter activity, and an increased ABCA1 mRNA and protein expression. In addition, these lipoproteins increased the level of phosphorylated specificity protein 1 (Sp1) and the amount of Sp1 bound to the ABCA1 promoter. However, all these inductions were significantly diminished in cells treated with ApoE-free lipoproteins, when compared to those treated with wild-type lipoproteins. Enrichment with human ApoE3 reversed the reduced inducibility of ApoE-free lipoproteins. Moreover, we observed that inhibition of Sp1 DNA-binding by mithramycin A diminished ABCA1 expression and ApoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux induced by ApoB-carrying lipoproteins, and that mutation of the Sp1-binding motif in the ABCA1 promoter region diminished ApoB-carrying lipoprotein-induced ABCA1 promoter activity. Collectively, these data suggest that ApoE associated with ApoB-carrying lipoproteins has an upregulatory role on ABCA1 expression, and that induction of Sp1 phosphorylation is a mechanism by which ApoE upregulates ABCA1 expression