A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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Clinical Predictors for Procedural Stroke and Implications for Embolic Protection Devices during TAVR: Results from the Multicenter Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement In-Hospital Stroke (TASK) Study

\ua9 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background: Data to support the routine use of embolic protection devices for stroke prevention during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are controversial. Identifying patients at high risk for peri-procedural cerebrovascular events may facilitate effective patient selection for embolic protection devices during TAVR. Aim: To generate a risk score model for stratifying TAVR patients according to peri-procedural cerebrovascular events risk. Methods and results: A total of 8779 TAVR patients from 12 centers worldwide were included. Peri-procedural cerebrovascular events were defined as an ischemic stroke or a transient ischemic attack occurring ≤24 h from TAVR. The peri-procedural cerebrovascular events rate was 1.4% (n = 127), which was independently associated with 1-year mortality (hazards ratio (HR) 1.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–2.98, p < 0.028). The TASK risk score parameters were history of stroke, use of a non-balloon expandable valve, chronic kidney disease, and peripheral vascular disease, and each parameter was assigned one point. Each one-point increment was associated with a significant increase in peri-procedural cerebrovascular events risk (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.56–2.45, p < 0.001). The TASK score was dichotomized into very-low, low, intermediate, and high (0, 1, 2, 3–4 points, respectively). The high-risk TASK score group (OR 5.4, 95% CI 2.06–14.16, p = 0.001) was associated with a significantly higher risk of peri-procedural cerebrovascular events compared with the low TASK score group. Conclusions: The proposed novel TASK risk score may assist in the pre-procedural risk stratification of TAVR patients for peri-procedural cerebrovascular events

Multiple Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases Regulate Vaccinia Virus Morphogenesis

Poxvirus morphogenesis is a complex process that involves the successive wrapping of the virus in host cell membranes. We screened by plaque assay a focused library of kinase inhibitors for those that caused a reduction in viral growth and identified several compounds that selectively inhibit phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Previous studies demonstrated that PI3Ks mediate poxviral entry. Using growth curves and electron microscopy in conjunction with inhibitors, we show that that PI3Ks additionally regulate morphogenesis at two distinct steps: immature to mature virion (IMV) transition, and IMV envelopment to form intracellular enveloped virions (IEV). Cells derived from animals lacking the p85 regulatory subunit of Type I PI3Ks (p85α−/−β−/−) presented phenotypes similar to those observed with PI3K inhibitors. In addition, VV appear to redundantly use PI3Ks, as PI3K inhibitors further reduce plaque size and number in p85α−/−β−/− cells. Together, these data provide evidence for a novel regulatory mechanism for virion morphogenesis involving phosphatidylinositol dynamics and may represent a new therapeutic target to contain poxviruses

Desperdício de exames complementares na avaliação pré-operatória em cirurgias de catarata Waste of medical tests in preoperative evaluation for cataract surgery

O objetivo deste experimento clínico foi determinar a freqüência dos exames considerados dispensáveis numa rotina pré-operatória de facectomias e avaliar os gastos com eles. Se o paciente foi sorteado para testes-seletivos, solicitou-se que nenhum teste fosse executado, a menos que o paciente apresentasse um novo problema médico, ou piora de uma doença preexistente, a qual requeresse os testes independentemente da realização da cirurgia. Para pacientes sorteados para testes-rotineiros, foram solicitados: eletrocardiograma, dosagem de hemoglobina e glicemia de jejum. Foram calculados os gastos com exames considerados desnecessários. A amostra de 1.025 pacientes incluiu 513 sorteados para testes seletivos e 512 para testes rotineiros. A freqüência de eventos adversos intra-operatórios foi semelhante nos dois grupos (p = 0,923). O grupo de testes seletivos realizou de 60,7% menos exames que o de testes rotineiros. Os resultados sugerem que a requisição seletiva de exames pré-operatórios em facectomias, além de não prejudicar o paciente do ponto de vista de complicações clínicas intra-operatórias, possibilita expressiva economia de recursos quando comparada à atual rotina.<br>The objective of this clinical trial was to determine the frequency of medical tests considered unnecessary in routine preoperative evaluation for cataract surgery. Unnecessary costs with these tests were also evaluated. For patients assigned to the selective testing group, it was requested that no preoperative testing be performed unless the patient presented a new or worsening medical problem warranting medical evaluation with testing. For patients assigned to the routine testing group, three tests were requested: a 12-lead electrocardiogram, complete blood count, and serum glucose level. The costs of tests considered unnecessary were calculated. The sample of 1,025 patients consisted of 512 assigned to the routine testing group and 513 to the selective testing group. Cumulative rate of medical events was similar in the two groups (p = 0.923). The selective group underwent 60.7% fewer tests. The results suggest that selective preoperative testing in cataract surgery does not harm patients in terms of peri-operative clinical complications and also represents a significant cost reduction compared to routine testing