Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Occurrence of Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Kulito Health Center, Halaba Zone, South Ethiopia, 2018

Background. Anemia in pregnancy is defined as a hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of less than 11 grams (gm)/deciliter (dl) in venous blood. Globally, it affects 1.62 billion people. In developing countries, anemia is a major cause of maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Globally, anemia contributes to 20% of all maternal deaths. Nearly 50% of the world’s population is estimated to be infected with Helicobacter pylori (HP). High prevalence of HP among pregnant women was also reported in developing countries than developed ones. The association between HP infection and occurrence of anemia is not well known in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between anemia and Helicobacter pylori infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care follow-up in Kulito Health Center, Halaba Zone, South Ethiopia. Methods. Institution-based cross-sectional study was employed. Systematic random sampling procedure was employed to select 236 pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Kulito Health Center. An interviewer-administered questionnaire supplemented by laboratory tests was used to obtain the data. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0. Results. The prevalence of anemia among antenatal care attendant pregnant women of Kulito Health Center was 27.5% with 36 (15.2%) of mild, 29 (12.3%) of moderate, and no severe cases of anemia. The overall prevalence of HP infection among study participants was found to be 129 (54.7%) (95% CI: 47.9–61.4). Factors significantly associated with anemia were presence of HP infection (AOR = 3.064, 95% CI: 1.336 7.027), low interpregnancy gap (AOR = 2.863, 95% CI: 1.245–6.582), being on the third trimester (AOR = 6.457; 95% CI: 1.276–32.729), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) level <21 cm (AOR = 2.595, 95% CI: 1.044–6.450). Conclusion. This study revealed that anemia and HP infection were highly prevalent among pregnant women attending the antenatal follow-up clinic in Kulito Health Center. HP infection, low interpregnancy gap, being on the third trimester, and MUAC less than 21 cm were the independent factors associated with anemia. Recommendation. Pregnant women should be aware that anemia is a problem that can be prevented by early prevention and treatment of HP infection and undernutrition, using family planning to widen the interpregnancy gap. Further experimental studies are warranted to determine the cause and effect of the association between anemia and HP infection

Association between<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infection and Occurrence of Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Kulito Health Center, Halaba Zone, South Ethiopia, 2018

Background. Anemia in pregnancy is defined as a hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of less than 11 grams (gm)/deciliter (dl) in venous blood. Globally, it affects 1.62 billion people. In developing countries, anemia is a major cause of maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Globally, anemia contributes to 20% of all maternal deaths. Nearly 50% of the world’s population is estimated to be infected withHelicobacter pylori(HP). High prevalence of HP among pregnant women was also reported in developing countries than developed ones. The association between HP infection and occurrence of anemia is not well known in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the association between anemia andHelicobacter pyloriinfection among pregnant women attending antenatal care follow-up in Kulito Health Center, Halaba Zone, South Ethiopia.Methods. Institution-based cross-sectional study was employed. Systematic random sampling procedure was employed to select 236 pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Kulito Health Center. An interviewer-administered questionnaire supplemented by laboratory tests was used to obtain the data. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0.Results. The prevalence of anemia among antenatal care attendant pregnant women of Kulito Health Center was 27.5% with 36 (15.2%) of mild, 29 (12.3%) of moderate, and no severe cases of anemia. The overall prevalence of HP infection among study participants was found to be 129 (54.7%) (95% CI: 47.9–61.4). Factors significantly associated with anemia were presence of HP infection (AOR = 3.064, 95% CI: 1.336 7.027), low interpregnancy gap (AOR = 2.863, 95% CI: 1.245–6.582), being on the third trimester (AOR = 6.457; 95% CI: 1.276–32.729), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) level&lt;21 cm (AOR = 2.595, 95% CI: 1.044–6.450).Conclusion. This study revealed that anemia and HP infection were highly prevalent among pregnant women attending the antenatal follow-up clinic in Kulito Health Center. HP infection, low interpregnancy gap, being on the third trimester, and MUAC less than 21 cm were the independent factors associated with anemia.Recommendation. Pregnant women should be aware that anemia is a problem that can be prevented by early prevention and treatment of HP infection and undernutrition, using family planning to widen the interpregnancy gap. Further experimental studies are warranted to determine the cause and effect of the association between anemia and HP infection.</jats:p

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Active Trachoma among Children 1-9 years of Age in the Catchment Population of Tora Primary Hospital, Silte zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2020

Background: Trachoma is the foremost cause of wide-reaching, preventable blindness. According to the World Health Organization report, nearly 1.3 million human beings are sightless due to trachoma, whereas about eighty-four million are hurt from active trachoma. A survey revealed that the countrywide prevalence of active trachoma among children aged 1–9 years in Ethiopia was 40.1%. Limited data are present regarding the study area; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and factors associated with active trachoma among 1-9 years of children in the catchment population of Tora Primary Hospital, South Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was performed on 589 children in a study place from February 15 to March 13, 2020. We used Epi data program version 3.1 and SPSS version 20 for data entry and analysis, respectively. Results: The overall occurrence of active trachoma in the catchment was 29.4% [CI=25.7, 33.12]. Of these cases, the trachomatous follicle (TF) 90.9%, TI (4.8%), and combination of TF/TI (4.2%) were found. Households’ educational status, frequency of face washing, knowledge about trachoma, source of water for washing purposes, and garbage disposal system were the independently associated factors of active trachoma. Conclusion: In this study area, the occurrence of active trachoma was high. Hence, it needs instant attention, such as constructing a responsiveness application in the community, inspiring children and parents to try out face washing, improving knowledge about trachoma and appropriate excreta disposal. </jats:sec

Abstract 13627: Increasing Trend of Cannabis Use Disorder Among Young Patients Admitted Due to Acute Myocardial Infarction

Introduction: The prevalence of cannabis use disorder (CUD) has increased in the US especially following its legalization in various states. Few studies have reported that CUD has been associated with increased Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) especially in the younger population. There are limited epidemiological studies that estimate the recent trend of AMI among young patients with CUD. Hypothesis: To estimate the hospitalization trends of AMI with concurrent CUD and characteristics associated with it in the young population. Methods: Study cohort was derived from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for the years 2007-2018. Hospitalizations due to AMI among the age group of 18-49 and concurrent CUD were identified using previously validated ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM. We then utilized the Cochran Armitage trend test and multivariable survey logistic regression modeling to analyze temporal trends and predictors of CUD among AMI patients. Results: Out of a total 819,354 hospitalizations due to AMI among the age group of 18-49 years, 33,488 (4.1%) had concurrent CUD. Hospitalizations due to AMI with concurrent CUD increased from 1722 (2.4%) in 2007 to 4455 (6.7%) in 2018 with a 12% yearly rate (OR 1.1; 95%CI 1.1-1.1; p&lt;0.01). AMI patients with CUD were younger (20.2% vs 7.3%; p&lt;0.01), male (78.1.2% vs 71.6%; p&lt;0.01) and African American (35.2% vs 15.8%; p&lt;0.01). In multivariable regression analysis, age 18-34 (OR 2.9; 95% CI 2.7 - 3.1; P&lt;0.01), male (OR 1.5; 95%CI 1.4 - 1.6; p&lt;0.01), African American (OR 2.5; 95% CI 2.4-2.7, p&lt;0.01), Lower socio-economic status (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1-1.4, p&lt;0.01), West region (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.2-1.5, p&lt;0.01), depression (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1-1.3, p &lt;0.01), alcoholism were associated with higher odds of CUD and AMI. Moreover, AMI patients with CUD were more likely to be admitted during the weekend (OR 1.1; CI 1.1-1.1, p &lt;0.01). Conclusions: Our study highlights the increasing trend of AMI hospitalizations with concurrent CUD. Our study also identifies that 18-34 years of age, male gender, African American and psychiatric conditions were significant determinants of CUD in young AMI patients. This warrants additional research to prove causal association between CUD and AMI in the young population in the era of increased cannabis legalization. </jats:p