O pravima na sportski imidž

The article deals with the different approaches adopted by American, Italian and German systems as to the possible infringement of the personal features of the recognized individuals. It starts with explaining an idea of the "right of publicity" - a doctrine rooted in the American jurisprudence which influenced the European civil law systems which started to recognize an economic value of the image. The approach adopted by the American doctrine moves toward a proprietary right, while the European, except for the UK, still remains within the theory of rights of personality. Although the model is still the same and simply indicates the right to control the commercial exploitation of persona, continental theory based on civil law of intangibles has been facing difficulties and obstacles as to possibility to inherit and transfer this entitlement. It seems, however, that we are on the best way to change our approach and accept that sometimes law should adjust to market reality and not otherwise.U tekstu se raspravlja o različitim pristupima kojima se služi američko, talijansko i njemačko pravosuđe u slučaju mogućih povreda osobnih karakteristika poznatih lica. Tekst započinje s objašnjavanjem prava na publicitet – doktrine koja je nastala u američkoj jurisprudenciji i koja je utjecala na europske kontinentalne civilno-pravne sustave koji su započeli s priznavanjem ekonomske vrijednosti imidža. Pristup kojeg je usvojila američka doktrina kreće se prema imovinskom pravu, dok se europsko pravo - osim UK prava - zadržava unutar teorije prava na osobnost. Iako je model još uvijek isti budući se njime jednostavno indicira pravo na kontrolu komercijalne eksploatacije osobe, kontinentalna teorija utemeljena na civilnom pravu o nematerijalnim stvarima sve se više susreće s poteškoćama i preprekama u nasljeđivanju i preuzimanju takve osnove. Ipak, po svemu sudeći nalazimo se na najboljem putu promjene pristupa i shvaćanja da se s vremena na vrijeme pravo prilagođava tržištu a ne obrnuto

Supports of and Barriers to Pursuing a Natural Resource Degree and Career: Perspectives of Culturally Diverse Young Adults

Federal natural resource agencies are facing a human resource crisis. Many natural resource professionals are reaching retirement and attracting young adults to fill vacancies may prove difficult. Although currently on the rise from a recent fall, enrollment in natural resource degree programs has not increased overall in the past three decades, which has resulted in a small and possibly shrinking pool of applicants for natural resource positions. In addition, increasingly young adults in the recruitment pool depart from the traditional background of current natural resource professionals (rural-raised, fisheries/wildlife/biology-educated, angler/hunter, white male) and agency workplace culture has not changed to match this new recruitment pool.;To recruit and retain more young adults and underrepresented groups in the natural resource field, more knowledge must be gained about the specific variables that influence the choice of natural resource majors and careers. Therefore, this study aims to examine the supports and barriers that influence the pursuit of a natural resource degree and career through the lens of the Social Cognitive Career Theory.;Specifically, this study seeks to answer three main research questions (1) What supports and barriers influence natural resource major choice?, (2) What supports and barriers influence natural resource career choice?, and (3) How do perceived supports and barriers regarding choice of the natural resource field differ between natural resource majors and recent hires?;The findings of the research are presented in the form of three articles for peer-reviewed journals. The first article is based on twenty-two interviews with recent hires with the Fish and Wildlife Service. The second is based on twenty-two interviews with undergraduate natural resource majors at West Virginia University and Alabama A&M; University. The final article compares the data from interviews with both recent hires and undergraduates.;By applying the Social Cognitive Career Theory, the first article highlights the supports and barriers that influence the natural resource career path of culturally diverse recent hires. Data revealed that young adults from underrepresented groups perceived unique and more numerous barriers and supports than white males. The second article emphasizes the supports and barriers that influence the choice of and persistence in a natural resource major. Interviews demonstrated that undergraduates from non-traditional backgrounds experienced increased barriers when compared to rural-raised, hunters/anglers in the major. The third article comparing the barriers faced by recent hires and undergraduates emphasizes the similarities between the two groups. The most notable difference between the two groups was that undergraduates experienced increased barriers because of non-traditional backgrounds, whereas recent hires experienced increased barriers because of ethnicity/race.;Based on results from each article, suggestions are made to improve recruitment and retention of young adults and underrepresented groups in the natural resource field. Furthermore, the successful application of the Social Cognitive Career Theory suggests its potential for improving future research on natural resource career choice

Prawo właściwe dla zobowiązań wynikających z naruszenia dóbr osobistych w rozporządzeniu o prawie właściwym dla zobowiązań pozaumownych

The article of Dr. Justyna Balcarczyk entitled Law applicable to claims arising from infringement of the rights of personality in the Regulation on law applicable to non‑contractual obligations describes and carefully analyzes the reasons of exclusion of the conflict of laws provision as to law applicable to claims resulting from defamation and other rights of personality from the scope of Rome II Regulation. It introduces and investigates the entire legislative proceedings and points out the reasons for such a final outcome. It also presents a comparative study on the situation in the 27 Member States as regards the law applicable to non‑contractual obligations arising out of violations of privacy and rights relating to personality rights that was provided with reference to art. 30 of Rome II Regulation. It concludes with introducing the proposals that are laid down by different representatives of the private international law doctrine as to filling in the existing gap as well as it stresses the results of the current status quo.Artykuł dr Justyny Balcarczyk zatytułowany Prawo właściwe dla roszczeń z tytułu naruszenia dóbr osobistych w rozporządzeniu w sprawie prawa właściwego dla zobowiązań pozaumownych opisuje i wnikliwie analizuje powody wyłączenia przepisu kolizyjnego co do prawa właściwego dla roszczeń z tytułu zniesławienia i innych dóbr osobistych z zakresu rozporządzenia Rzym II. Przedstawia i bada całość postępowania legislacyjnego oraz wskazuje przyczyny takiego ostatecznego wyniku. Przedstawia również studium porównawcze sytuacji w 27 państwach członkowskich w zakresie prawa właściwego dla zobowiązań pozaumownych wynikających z naruszenia prywatności i praw związanych z dobrami osobistymi, które zostało przedstawione z odniesieniem do art. 30 rozporządzenia Rzym II. Kończy się przedstawieniem propozycji, jakie przedstawiają różni przedstawiciele doktryny prawa prywatnego międzynarodowego, co do wypełnienia istniejącej luki, a także podkreśla skutki obecnego status quo

Controls on the composition and lability of dissolved organic matter in Siberia's Kolyma River basin

High-latitude northern rivers export globally significant quantities of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to the Arctic Ocean. Climate change, and its associated impacts on hydrology and potential mobilization of ancient organic matter from permafrost, is likely to modify the flux, composition, and thus biogeochemical cycling and fate of exported DOC in the Arctic. This study examined DOC concentration and the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) across the hydrograph in Siberia's Kolyma River, with a particular focus on the spring freshet period when the majority of the annual DOC load is exported. The composition of DOM within the Kolyma basin was characterized using absorbance-derived measurements (absorbance coefficienta330, specific UV absorbance (SUVA254), and spectral slope ratio SR) and fluorescence spectroscopy (fluorescence index and excitation-emission matrices (EEMs)), including parallel factor analyses of EEMs. Increased surface runoff during the spring freshet led to DOM optical properties indicative of terrestrial soil inputs with high humic-like fluorescence, SUVA254, and low SRand fluorescence index (FI). Under-ice waters, in contrast, displayed opposing trends in optical properties representing less aromatic, lower molecular weight DOM. We demonstrate that substantial losses of DOC can occur via biological (∼30% over 28 days) and photochemical pathways (>29% over 14 days), particularly in samples collected during the spring freshet. The emerging view is therefore that of a more dynamic and labile carbon pool than previously thought, where DOM composition plays a fundamental role in controlling the fate and removal of DOC at a pan-Arctic scale

A coupled hydrology-biogeochemistry model to simulate dissolved organic carbon exports from a permafrost influenced catchment

Funded by Natural Environment Research Council. Grant Number: NE/K000268/1 Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaPeer reviewedPublisher PD

DAM! Put Your Power into Saving the Salmon

Hydropower can be a cleaner energy source, but comes with costs including displacement of those currently on the unflooded land and disrupts the development of salmon

031 - Measuring the Success of Remediation using Ostracodes in the Western Finger Lakes, NY

Conesus Lake, a mesoeutrophic lake located in the Finger Lakes, has experienced environmental disruptions over the past centuries. Conesus Lake contains six species of ostracods, Cypridopisis vidua, Candona candida, Candona ohioensis, Candona ellipitica, Darwinula stevensoni, and Limocythere verrucosa. These species reflect the lake\u27s environmental conditions, including remediation efforts used to restore it. This study aims to show the effectiveness of remediation using the diversity and abundance of ostracodes found in the lake. Cores were collected from the south basin of Conesus Lake. Samples of sediment were collected at one-centimeter intervals from 3 cm to 154 cm. Subfossils were separated from the sediments, sorted, and identified to the lowest level. 1,363 ostracodes were found from 51 horizons in the core. Cy. vidua and Ca. candida were the most prevalent. Cy. vidua had the most overall abundance throughout the core whereas Ca. candida showed elevated abundance at both the top and base of the core. Ca. ohioensis displayed lower abundances near both core-bottom and core-top with peak abundance mid-core whereas Ca. elliptica displayed moderate abundances near core base with infrequent occurrences near core-top. We propose Ca. candida and Cy. vidua may be indicators of mesotrophic conditions, Ca. ohioensis may indicate eutrophic conditions and Ca. elliptica may be indicative of more oligotrophic conditions. The return of Ca. candida and Cy. vidua near the core-top reveals the positive impact of remediation on the ecosystem and monitoring live ostracodes can be used to indicate the lake’s trophic state

203 - Investigating the Impact of Invasive Mussels on Ecosystem Dynamics in Conesus Lake

This study examines how invasive mussels influence ecosystem dynamics in Conesus Lake, the westernmost Finger Lake in New York. Conesus Lake has experienced cultural eutrophication, remediation efforts, and ongoing challenges such as hypoxia, harmful algal blooms, and invasive species such as Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena bugensis. Using lake sediment archives, this study analyzes invasive mussel body size and morphology over time to assess their ecological impacts. Two 150 cm sediment cores from the south basin were analyzed using a Geotek multi-sensor core logger. Sub-fossilized mussel shells were identified to species level, and body size metrics—including length, height, and dorsal curvature—were measured. A total of 138 mussels from 12 stratigraphic horizons, spanning contemporary sediments to the first Dreissena appearance (mid-1990s), were assessed. D. polymorpha had a mean length of 5.2 mm, height of 2.7 mm, and L/H ratio of 1.8, while D. bugensis had a mean length of 1.9 mm, height of 1.2 mm, and L/H ratio of 1.6. Both species showed a strong correlation between valve length and height (r² = 0.998 and r² = 0.9611, respectively). Stratigraphic trends indicate that zebra mussels initially exhibited a broader size range, while quagga mussels remained smaller and stable, possibly due to competition or environmental constraints. These findings improve our understanding of invasive mussel population dynamics and their effects on nutrient cycling, benthic habitats, and food webs. Future research will integrate molecular techniques to refine species identification and invasion timelines

High biolability of ancient permafrost carbon upon thaw

Ongoing climate warming in the Arctic will thaw permafrost and remobilize substantial terrestrial organic carbon (OC) pools. Around a quarter of northern permafrost OC resides in Siberian Yedoma deposits, the oldest form of permafrost carbon. However, our understanding of the degradation and fate of this ancient OC in coastal and fluvial environments still remains rudimentary. Here, we show that ancient dissolved OC (DOC, &gt;21,000 (14)Cyears), the oldest DOC ever reported, is mobilized in stream waters draining Yedoma outcrops. Furthermore, this DOC is highly biolabile: 34 +/- 0.8% was lost during a 14 day incubation under dark, oxygenated conditions at ambient river temperatures. Mixtures of Yedoma stream DOC with mainstem river and ocean waters, mimicking in situ mixing processes, also showed high DOC losses (14 days; 17 +/- 0.8% to 33 +/- 1.0%). This suggests that this exceptionally old DOC is among the most biolabile DOC in any previously reported contemporary river or stream in the Arctic.</p