Amidoschwarz10B in der forensischen Spurenuntersuchung: Vergleichende Untersuchungen an forensischem Spurenmaterial

Zusammenfassung: Blutspuren gehören zu den aussagekräftigsten Spuren in der forensischen Fallanalyse. Einerseits kann die Beurteilung von Aussehen, Menge, Form und Verteilung an Tatorten Hinweise auf den Tathergang geben. Andererseits lassen sich heute auch aus kleinsten Blutmengen zumeist vollständige DNA-Profile erstellen, die dann ebenfalls eine Rekonstruktion des Tatablaufs und über die molekulargenetische DNA-Analyse Aussagen zur Tatbeteiligung von Personen ermöglichen. In der vorgestellten Studie wurden Vollblutproben auf unterschiedliche Spurenträger aufgebracht und mithilfe des Hexagon OBTI® auf das Vorhandensein von Blut hin untersucht. Nach Inkubation mit 2 verschiedenen Zubereitungen von Amidoschwarz10B konnte gezeigt werden, dass dessen Einsatz zu starken Beeinträchtigungen bzw. falsch-negativen Ergebnissen des OBTI führen kann. Ein negativer Einfluss von Amidoschwarz10B auf das Probenmaterial war hingegen bei den nachfolgend durchgeführten DNA-Analysen nicht festzustelle

Nuclear Effects on the UHE Neutrino-Nucleon Deep Inelastic Scattering Cross Section

Using a recent parametrization of nuclear effects in parton distribution functions we calculate the neutrino-nucleon cross section at energies relevant for ultra high energy neutrino telescopes. The modification of the cross section in comparison with the calculation using parton densities in free nucleons is of the order of few per cent for the parameter range of interest in neutrino telescopes (A=10 and E=10$^6$ GeV) and it reaches 20 % at the highest energies (E=10$^{12}$ GeV) and for the largest nuclear size (A=190) considered.Comment: 7 pages, Latex, figures as 3 postscript file

Measuring the BFKL Pomeron in Neutrino Telescopes

We present a new method for obtaining information on the small x behavior of the structure function F2 outside the kinematic range of present acelerators from the mean inelasticity parameter in UHE neutrino-nucleon DIS interactions which could be measured in neutrino telescopes.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, figures as 7 postscript file

The Ratio R=FL/FTR=F_L/F_T in DIS as a Probe of the Charm Content of the Proton

We analyze the Callan-Gross ratio $R(x,Q^2)=F_L/F_T$ in heavy-quark leptoproduction as a probe of the charm content of the proton. To estimate the charm-initiated contributions, we use the ACOT($\chi$) variable-flavor-number scheme. Our analysis shows that charm densities of the recent CTEQ sets of parton distributions have sizeable impact on the Callan-Gross ratio in a wide region of $x$ and $Q^2$. In particular, the ACOT($\chi$) predictions for the quantity $R(x,Q^2)$ are about half as large as the corresponding expectations of the photon-gluon fusion mechanism for $x\sim 10^{-2}-10^{-1}$ and $Q^2\gg m^2$. This is because the structure functions $F_T (x,Q^2)$ and $F_L (x,Q^2)$ have different dependences on the mass logarithms of the type $\alpha_{s}\ln(Q^{2}/m^{2})$. On the other hand, our recent studies indicate that, contrary to the production cross sections, the Callan-Gross ratio is sufficiently stable under radiative corrections to the photon-gluon fusion component for $x\gtrsim 10^{-4}$. We conclude that the quantity $R(x,Q^2)$ in heavy-quark leptoproduction is perturbatively stable but sensitive to resummation of the mass logarithms. For this reason, in contrast to the structure functions, the ratio $R(x,Q^2)=F_L/F_T$ could be good probe of the charm density in the proton.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, revtex

Jets in deep-inelastic scattering at HERA

Jet cross sections in deep-inelastic scattering over a wide region of phase space have been measured at HERA. These cross section measurements provide a thorough test of the implementation of Quantum Chromodynamics in next-to-leading order (NLO) calculations. They also provide the opportunity to test the consistency of the gluon distribution in the proton as extracted from (mainly) inclusive DIS measurements. Comparison of the cross sections with NLO enables accurate extractions of the strong coupling constant, $\alpha_s$, to be made, several of which are reported here.Comment: Talk presented at "New Trends in HERA Physics", Ringberg Workshop, June 2001. 13pages, 12figure

Predicting Temporal Aspects of Movement for Predictive Replication in Fog Environments

To fully exploit the benefits of the fog environment, efficient management of data locality is crucial. Blind or reactive data replication falls short in harnessing the potential of fog computing, necessitating more advanced techniques for predicting where and when clients will connect. While spatial prediction has received considerable attention, temporal prediction remains understudied. Our paper addresses this gap by examining the advantages of incorporating temporal prediction into existing spatial prediction models. We also provide a comprehensive analysis of spatio-temporal prediction models, such as Deep Neural Networks and Markov models, in the context of predictive replication. We propose a novel model using Holt-Winter's Exponential Smoothing for temporal prediction, leveraging sequential and periodical user movement patterns. In a fog network simulation with real user trajectories our model achieves a 15% reduction in excess data with a marginal 1% decrease in data availability

Speziesidentifizierung mittels vergleichender Sequenzanalyse des mitochondrialen 12S-rRNA-Gens

RNA (rRNA), die eine wichtige, primär funktionale Rolle in der Zellphysiologie einnimmt. Die Gene dieser rRNA lassen sich in hochkonservierte und hochpolymorphe Bereiche unterscheiden. Während in den konservierten Regionen kaum Mutationen zu finden sind, werden in den polymorphen Abschnitten je nach Grad der Verwandtschaft große Sequenzunterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Tierarten beobachtet. Individuen einer Art zeigen diese Unterschiede nicht. Somit können diese artspezifischen Abweichungen dazu genutzt werden, biologische Materialien unbekannter Herkunft einer bestimmten Tierart zuzuordnen. Mit der Amplifikation und anschließenden Sequenzierung eines Bereiches innerhalb des mitochondrialen 12S-Gens sowie der Auswertung bereits publizierter Sequenzen gelingt die Identifizierung einer Spezies anhand von 20 – 25 Basen. Dazu kann neben der etablierten Methode der Sequenzierung nach Sanger auch die Technik der Pyrosequenzierung genutzt werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Möglichkeit der Identifizierung verschiedener Arten durch die Analyse kurzer Fragmente ihrer 12S-Gen-Sequenz. Dazu reicht die Amplifikation des gewünschten Fragmentes mit Hilfe eines Primerpaares. Für degradierte DNA wurde ein alternativer Rückprimer getestet, der die Amplifikation eines kürzeren Sequenzabschnittes ermöglicht. Es wurden insgesamt 91 Proben verschiedener Tiere analysiert, die sich aus 8 Säugetier-Arten, 2 Fisch-Arten und 3 Vogel-Arten zusammen setzten. Zudem kann und wird die Methode bereits bei Fragestellungen in der forensischen Routine angewendet

Small x behaviour of parton distributions with soft initial conditions

We present an analytical parametrization of the QCD description of the small x behaviour of parton distribution functions in the leading twist approximation of the Wilson operator product expansion, in the case of soft initial conditions. The results are in very good agreement with deep inelastic scattering experimental data from HERA.Comment: 21 pages, latex + 3 ps figure

A global analysis of Y-chromosomal haplotype diversity for 23 STR loci

In a worldwide collaborative effort, 19,630 Y-chromosomes were sampled from 129 different populations in 51 countries. These chromosomes were typed for 23 short-tandem repeat (STR) loci (DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS385ab, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, GATAH4, DYS481, DYS533, DYS549, DYS570, DYS576, and DYS643) and using the PowerPlex Y23 System (PPY23, Promega Corporation, Madison, WI). Locus-specific allelic spectra of these markers were determined and a consistently high level of allelic diversity was observed. A considerable number of null, duplicate and off-ladder alleles were revealed. Standard single-locus and haplotype-based parameters were calculated and compared between subsets of Y-STR markers established for forensic casework. The PPY23 marker set provides substantially stronger discriminatory power than other available kits but at the same time reveals the same general patterns of population structure as other marker sets. A strong correlation was observed between the number of Y-STRs included in a marker set and some of the forensic parameters under study. Interestingly a weak but consistent trend toward smaller genetic distances resulting from larger numbers of markers became apparent.Fil: Corach, Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Caputo, Mariela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Servicio de Huellas Digitales Genéticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Marino, Miguel Eduardo. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Analisis de ADN; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Purps, Josephine. Charité-Universitätsmedizin; AlemaniaFil: Siegert, Sabine. University of Cologne; AlemaniaFil: Willuweit, Sascha. Charité-Universitätsmedizin; AlemaniaFil: Nagy, Marion. Charité-Universitätsmedizin; AlemaniaFil: Alves, Cíntia. Universidad de Porto; PortugalFil: Salazar, Renato. Universidad de Porto; PortugalFil: Angustia, Sheila M. T.. Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory; FilipinasFil: Santos, Lorna H.. Philippine National Police Crime Laboratory; FilipinasFil: Anslinger, Katja. Universitat Genzentrum Der Ludwing-maximilians; AlemaniaFil: Bayer, Birgit. Universitat Genzentrum Der Ludwing-maximilians; AlemaniaFil: Ayub, Qasim. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Wei, Wei. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Xue, Yali. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Tyler Smith, Chris. The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute; Reino UnidoFil: Baeta Bafalluy, Miriam. Universidad de Zaragoza; EspañaFil: Martínez Jarreta, Begoña. Universidad de Zaragoza; EspañaFil: Egyed, Balazs. Eotvos University, Budapest; ArgentinaFil: Balitzki, Beate. Universidad de Basilea; SuizaFil: Tschumi, Sibylle. Universidad de Basilea; SuizaFil: Ballard, David. King; Reino UnidoFil: Syndercombe Court, Denise. King; Reino UnidoFil: Barrantes, Xinia. Poder Judicial, Forensic Sciences Department; Costa RicaFil: Bäßler, Gerhard. Landeskriminalamt Baden-Württemberg; AlemaniaFil: Berger, Burkhard. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Niederstätter, Haral. Universidad de Innsbruck; AustriaFil: Parson, Walther. Universidad de Innsbruck; Austria. University Park; Estados UnidosFil: Davis, Carey. Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics; Estados Unidos. Institute of Applied Genetics; Estados UnidosFil: Furfuro, Sandra. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Análisis de ADN; ArgentinaFil: Locarno, Laura. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Laboratorio de Análisis de ADN; Argentin