Feasibility of Image-Guided Radiotherapy for Elderly Patients with Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

PURPOSE: The study aims to assess the tolerance of elderly patients (70 years or older) with locally advanced rectal cancers to image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT). A retrospective review of 13 elderly patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradiation using IGRT was performed. Grade 3-4 acute toxicities, survival, and long-term complications were compared to 17 younger patients (<70 years) with the same disease stage. RESULTS: Grade 3-4 hematologic toxicities occurred in 7.6% and 0% (p = 0.4) and gastrointestinal toxicities, and, in 15.2% and 5% (p = 0.5), of elderly and younger patients, respectively. Surgery was aborted in three patients, two in the elderly group and one in the younger group. One patient in the elderly group died after surgery from cardiac arrhythmia. After a median follow-up of 34 months, five patients had died, two in the elderly and three in the younger group. The 3-year survival was 90.9% and 87.5% (p = 0.7) for the elderly and younger group respectively. Two patients in the younger group developed ischemic colitis and fecal incontinence. There was no statistically significant difference in acute and late toxicities as well as survival between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Elderly patients with locally advanced rectal cancers may tolerate preoperative chemoradiation with IGRT as well as younger patients. Further prospective studies should be performed to investigate the potential of IGRT for possible cure in elderly patients with locally advanced rectal cancer

Mesure de la consanguinité et liaison génétique

SUMMARY. This paper presents a number of measures of genealogical relationships, based on recent researches in social anthropology dealing with kinship. The relations existing between different measures are explained. In particular, a new method of estimating genetic linkage is suggested. The paper contains an original discussion of the relation between chronological time, as used in demographic measures, and structure as defined in kinship models.RESUMEN. El arúculo présenta varias medidas de las relaciones genealógicas y précisa sus inter-relaciones, fundándose en investi gaciones recientes sobre la teoria del parentesco en antropologia social. Muestra en especial, una nueva tecnica para estimar la relación genética. Pér primera vez pone en evidencia la relación entre tiempo real — сomo es âefinido en los modelos demográficos — y estructura — según la definición usada en los modelos de parentesco.Ballonoff Paul A. Mesure de la consanguinité et liaison génétique. In: Population, 30ᵉ année, n°4-5, 1975. pp. 751-757