L'inventivité habitante : une opportunité pour réinventer les politiques publiques locales ?

International audienceBudgetary austerity is central to any discourses about public policies. Local communities cannot go on any longer as they did, they have to reinvent. In parallel, inhabitants develop ordinary forms of inventiveness with a view to increase their habitability by corresponding their ideals to their acts and facilitating their well-being. Country planning is challenged through simple solutions, similar to Do it Yourself (tactical urbanism, hacker-space, etc.). In order for territorial policies to become more efficient, they could get inspired by these inventions that directly respond to the needs of inhabitants, and even contribute to their development. Local communities stand at the threshold of a new era, having to move from a “do for” to a “do with” and “enable to do” position.L’austérité budgétaire est au centre des propos lorsque nous parlons de politiques publiques. Les collectivités territoriales ne peuvent plus continuer comme par le passé ; elles doivent se réinventer. En parallèle, les habitants développent des formes d’inventivité ordinaires pour accroître leur habitabilité, en faisant correspondre leurs idéaux et leurs actes, en facilitant leur bien-être, etc. Ce sont des solutions simples, proches du système D, qui questionnent l’action publique territoriale. Pour que les politiques territoriales deviennent plus efficientes, nous pensons que les collectivités ont intérêt à s’inspirer de ces inventions citoyennes qui répondent directement aux besoins des habitants, voire contribuer à leur développement. Les collectivités territoriales sont à l’aune d’une nouvelle étape : passer du « faire pour » au « faire avec » et au « permettre de faire »

Una luce alla “Maniera” per la “Visitazione” del Pontormo

L’opera del Pontormo “L’Ultima Visitazione” è custodita nella chiesa di San Michele a Carmignano e posta dentro un complesso decorativo seicentesco, nel secondo altare sulla destra dopo l’ingresso della chiesa. In questo articolo viene presentato lo studio e la soluzione illuminotecnica ed espositiva proposta per questa opera emblematica del primo manierismo fiorentino. Soprintendenza e Diocesi hanno esplicitamente chiesto di trovare una soluzione che non necessitasse di alcun cambiamento per il sistema di illuminazione della Chiesa sia per contenere i costi, sia per seguire le indicazioni di normativa, specie le linee quadro definite dalla Commissione Episcopale per la liturgia della CEI (Conferenza Episcopale Italiana). Una serie di misure di illuminamento condotte in differenti condizioni di commistione di luce naturale ed artificiale, questa ultima sia di base che di accento, così come di simulazioni transitorie realizzate nelle stesse condizioni illuminotecniche, hanno permesso di analizzare l’ambiente luminoso in cui l’opera è collocata. La lettura filologica dell’opera e dello spazio storico-architettonico e luminoso in cui è inserita, ha consentito di definire una soluzione espositiva e di illuminazione, verificata per mezzo di simulazioni transienti, che restituisce valore storico e culturale al quadro, consentendone una corretta visione e percezione così come la sua tutela e conservazione

Disclosing the role of IT Suppliers as Digital Innovation enablers for SMEs: a strategy analysis of the European IT Sales Channel

As Information Technologies (IT) play a growingly strategic role in several industries, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) adopt IT solutions to trigger Digital Innovation supporting their processes and improving their products and services. SMEs' scarce resources and inadequate IT competencies forces them to demand support from IT suppliers in the IT adoption and Digital Innovation journey, however, little attention was paid to the business models and strategies of IT suppliers in the academic and professional literature, and SMEs find it difficult to assess and select IT suppliers that best responds to their needs and aims. This study's goal is to provide a detailed picture of the IT Sales Channel and its players in the European market. A classification framework is proposed and eleven different business models are identified. The study leverages multiple case studies relying on semi-standardized interviews with Chief Executive Officers and Marketing Managers of leading European IT suppliers

Les sciences territoriales et la question de l'habitabilité

International audienceThis text is based on a series of surveys conducted in an ANR (TerrHab) on the relationship between territorialities and liveabilities. It offers to observe together and analyse the reciprocal influences between: mutations of territorial planning instruments, research of protective conviviality, “arts to do” of the people to combat the unliveable, the compromises that are woven throughout metropolitan areas and their peripheries, even distant. The intended conclusion is to demonstrate that more and more varied “habitantes territorialities” are built everywhere which oblige to rethink interactions between individual actors and public policy. The presentation will attempt to show how territorial science offer the possibility of a new possible formulation for the problem of living in.Ce texte s’appuie sur une série d’enquêtes conduites dans le cadre d’une ANR (TerrHab 1) sur le rapport entre territorialités et habitabilités. Il propose d’observer ensemble et d’analyser les influences réciproques entre : les mutations des instruments de la planification territoriale, la recherche de convivialités protectrices, les « arts de faire » des habitants pour lutter contre l’inhabitable, les compromis qui se tissent un peu partout dans les espaces métropolitains et leurs périphéries, même lointaines. La conclusion visée est de démontrer que se construisent partout des territorialités habitantes de plus en plus variées qui obligent à repenser les interactions entre acteurs individuels et politiques publiques. L’exposé tentera de montrer en quoi les sciences territoriales offrent la possibilité d’une nouvelle formulation possible pour le problème de l’habiter

The Relationship between Open Innovation and Strategy: Data-Driven Analysis of the Mobile Value Services Industry

As academic and practitioner studies on the subject amassed in the last decade 2003 - 2013, Open Innovation (OI) has gained growing importance in the broad field of Management and Information Systems. However, existing literature lacks a comprehensive understanding of the relationship existing between OI and a firm's Strategy. Employing a data-driven research approach, based on forty-five qualitative interviews on firms operating in the Mobile Value Services Industry involved in OI undertakings, this study originally highlights six cross-themes the OI-Strategy relationship revolves around: 1) OI and Competitive Advantage, 2) OI and Strategic Positioning, 3) OI and Business Models, 4) OI in Networks, 5) OI and Co-opetition.; 6) OI and Resilient Business Advantages. For each theme, insights are provided concerning: sub themes, findings, criticalities, and areas of development. This reorganization of the real-world OI initiatives constitutes a comprehensive research agenda or roadmap, with value for both academics and practitioners

Application of PLM processes to respond to mechanical SMEs needs

International audiencePLM is today a reality for mechanical SMEs. Some companies implement PLM systems very well but others have more difficulties. This paper aims to explain why some SMEs do not success to integrated PLM systems analyzing the needs of mechanical SMEs, the processes to implement to respond to those needs and the actual PLM software functionalities. The proposition of a typology of those companies and the responses of those needs by PLM processes will be explain through the applications of a demonstrator applying appropriate generic data model and modelling framework

A comparative study on the impact of business model design & lean startup approach versus traditional business plan on mobile startups performance

usiness Model Design (BMD) & Lean Startup (LSA) approach are two widespread practices among entrepreneurs, where many Mobile startups declare to adopt them. However, neither of the two frameworks are well rooted in the academic literature; and few studies address the issue of whether they actually outperform traditional approaches to new Mobile Startups creation. This study's aim is to assesses the contribution to performance of the combined use of BMD and LSA for two startups operating in the highly dynamic Mobile Applications Industry; performances are then compared to those achieved by two Mobile Star-ups adopting the traditional Business Plan approach. Findings reveal how the combined use of BMD and LSA outperforms the traditional BP in the cases analyzed, thus constituting a promising methodology to support Strategic Entrepreneurship

Relation between plaque type, plaque thickness, blood shear stress, and plaque stress in coronary arteries assessed by X-ray Angiography and Intravascular Ultrasound

Purpose: Atheromatic plaque progression is affected, among others phenomena, by biomechanical, biochemical, and physiological factors. In this paper, the authors introduce a novel framework able to provide both morphological (vessel radius, plaque thickness, and type) and biomechanical (wall shear stress and Von Mises stress) indices of coronary arteries. Methods: First, the approach reconstructs the three-dimensional morphology of the vessel from intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) and Angiographic sequences, requiring minimal user interaction. Then, a computational pipeline allows to automatically assess fluid-dynamic and mechanical indices. Ten coronary arteries are analyzed illustrating the capabilities of the tool and confirming previous technical and clinical observations. Results: The relations between the arterial indices obtained by IVUS measurement and simulations have been quantitatively analyzed along the whole surface of the artery, extending the analysis of the coronary arteries shown in previous state of the art studies. Additionally, for the first time in the literature, the framework allows the computation of the membrane stresses using a simplified mechanical model of the arterial wall. Conclusions: Circumferentially (within a given frame), statistical analysis shows an inverse relation between the wall shear stress and the plaque thickness. At the global level (comparing a frame within the entire vessel), it is observed that heavy plaque accumulations are in general calcified and are located in the areas of the vessel having high wall shear stress. Finally, in their experiments the inverse proportionality between fluid and structural stresses is observed

Internet Interconnection Techno-economics: A Proposal for Assured Quality Services and Business Models

The Internet is constructed by means of complex business interconnection agreements among multiple networks. However, the most commonly used agreements do not contain explicit Quality of Service reference. In this study a business rationale for Assured Service Quality (ASQ) inter-network services is presented and potential business models for their realization are proposed and analyzed. It is argued that ASQ products and business models could greatly enhance the health of the Internet interconnection ecosystem. A business model design framework that encompasses the key strategic decisions that would enable ASQ provisioning and generic collaboration is also provided. This framework is then elaborated using a number of off-net content delivery scenarios. Conclusions are hence drawn on the role of ASQ and ASQ-driven business models for the sustainable development of the "Future Internet"