Exploring accuracy and impact of concurrent and retrospective self-talk among golfers

The current study aimed to provide insight into the types and frequency of self-talk of skilled golfers (n = 6) by considering and comparing concurrent verbalization and retrospective reports. Each participant wore a microphone to record his thoughts while verbalizing them for the duration of nine holes of golf on three separate occasions. The researchers transcribed and coded this verbalized self-talk. Participants also completed a retrospective self-talk questionnaire at the conclusion of each round. Results suggest that participants’ concurrent verbalization and retrospective reports were inconsistent, specifically with regard to function (i.e., motivational versus instructional) and valence (i.e., positive, negative, and neutral), and that participants felt their concurrent verbalization more accurately reflected their experiences. The results support previous research that indicates that retrospective reports of self-talk may not provide accurate insight into what athletes actually say to themselves as they perform in their sports, while asserting that concurrent verbalization may be a more accurate representation of their self-talk experiences

What about the men? Perinatal experiences of men of color whose partners were at risk for preterm birth, a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND:Preterm birth in the United States is associated with maternal clinical factors such as diabetes, hypertension and social factors including race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. In California, 8.7% of all live births are preterm, with African American and Black families experiencing the greatest burden. The impact of paternal factors on birth outcomes has been studied, but little is known about the experience of men of color (MOC). The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of MOC who are partners to women at medical and social risk for preterm birth. METHODS:This study used a qualitative research design and focus group methods. The research was embedded within an existing study exploring experiences of women of color at risk for preterm birth conducted by the California Preterm Birth Initiative. RESULTS:Twelve MOC participated in the study and among them had 9 preterm children. Four themes emerged from thematic analysis of men's experiences: (1) "Being the Rock": Providing comfort and security; (2) "It's a blessing all the way around": Keeping faith during uncertainty; (3) "Tell me EVERYTHING": Unmet needs during pregnancy and delivery; (4) "Like a guinea pig": Frustration with the healthcare system. Participants identified many barriers to having a healthy pregnancy and birth including inadequate support for decision making, differential treatment, and discrimination. CONCLUSIONS:This study shows novel and shared narratives regarding MOC experiences during pregnancy, birth, and postpartum periods. Healthcare providers have an essential role to acknowledge MOC, their experience of discrimination and mistrust, and to assess needs for support that can improve birth outcomes. As MOC and their families are at especially high social and medical risk for preterm birth, their voice and experience should be central in all future research on this topic

Interprofessional curriculum on environmental and social determinants of health in rural Kenya: Aga Khan University East Africa University of California San Francisco integrated primary health care program

The Aga Khan University East Africa (AKU)-University of California San Francisco (UCSF) Integrated Primary Health Care Program (IPHC) is a public–private partnership with community and government to strengthen the primary health care (PHC) system in Kenya. IPHC provides opportunities for health professions students to work and learn together in the rural and underserved district of Kaloleni

The usefulness of rapid diagnostic tests in the new context of low malaria transmission in zanzibar.

BACKGROUND\ud \ud We assessed if histidine-rich-protein-2 (HRP2) based rapid diagnostic test (RDT) remains an efficient tool for Plasmodium falciparum case detection among fever patients in Zanzibar and if primary health care workers continue to adhere to RDT results in the new epidemiological context of low malaria transmission. Further, we evaluated the performance of RDT within the newly adopted integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) algorithm in Zanzibar.\ud \ud METHODS AND FINDINGS\ud \ud We enrolled 3890 patients aged ≥2 months with uncomplicated febrile illness in this health facility based observational study conducted in 12 primary health care facilities in Zanzibar, between May-July 2010. One patient had an inconclusive RDT result. Overall 121/3889 (3.1%) patients were RDT positive. The highest RDT positivity rate, 32/528 (6.1%), was found in children aged 5-14 years. RDT sensitivity and specificity against PCR was 76.5% (95% CI 69.0-83.9%) and 99.9% (95% CI 99.7-100%), and against blood smear microscopy 78.6% (95% CI 70.8-85.1%) and 99.7% (95% CI 99.6-99.9%), respectively. All RDT positive, but only 3/3768 RDT negative patients received anti-malarial treatment. Adherence to RDT results was thus 3887/3889 (99.9%). RDT performed well in the IMCI algorithm with equally high adherence among children <5 years as compared with other age groups.\ud \ud CONCLUSIONS\ud \ud The sensitivity of HRP-2 based RDT in the hands of health care workers compared with both PCR and microscopy for P. falciparum case detection was relatively low, whereas adherence to test results with anti-malarial treatment was excellent. Moreover, the results provide evidence that RDT can be reliably integrated in IMCI as a tool for improved childhood fever management. However, the relatively low RDT sensitivity highlights the need for improved quality control of RDT use in primary health care facilities, but also for more sensitive point-of-care malaria diagnostic tools in the new epidemiological context of low malaria transmission in Zanzibar.\ud \ud TRIAL REGISTRATION\ud \ud ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01002066

Sport psychology consulting in professional rugby union in the United Kingdom

This article describes my experiences of working within professional rugby union in South Wales, United Kingdom. Initially, I locate the context of professional rugby union in the country alongside how my various subcultural understandings of the sport were obtained. After outlining my consulting philosophy developed for working in a professional rugby union context, subsequent cultural challenges for practitioners working in the sport are then explored, together with example strategies used to account for such cultural considerations. I conclude by reflecting upon the importance of practitioners possessing and developing contextual intelligence and cultural competency to work effectively in high performance environments

The HPS electromagnetic calorimeter

The Heavy Photon Search experiment (HPS) is searching for a new gauge boson, the so-called “heavy photon.” Through its kinetic mixing with the Standard Model photon, this particle could decay into an electron-positron pair. It would then be detectable as a narrow peak in the invariant mass spectrum of such pairs, or, depending on its lifetime, by a decay downstream of the production target. The HPS experiment is installed in Hall-B of Jefferson Lab. This article presents the design and performance of one of the two detectors of the experiment, the electromagnetic calorimeter, during the runs performed in 2015–2016. The calorimeter's main purpose is to provide a fast trigger and reduce the copious background from electromagnetic processes through matching with a tracking detector. The detector is a homogeneous calorimeter, made of 442 lead-tungstate (PbWO4) scintillating crystals, each read out by an avalanche photodiode coupled to a custom trans-impedance amplifier

Sounds of the World: Guiding and Motivating Players Through Sound Valences

The purpose of this research is to integrate sound design techniques and practices into the larger level and game design process to provide greater support and motivations for players. The researcher created a custom single-player level in The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim that tasks the player with navigating an enchanted castle, relying on sound valences to guide their path. The researcher gathered data on the implemented sound valences by observing testers’ playtests, the navigational choices the testers made throughout the level, and the connotations of the sound valences themselves

The role of systematic or critical reviews for interventions in veterinary medicine

This thesis introduces systematic reviews for interventions, why they are used, and how they can benefit veterinary scientific research. Two examples were presented. The first discusses using the tool GRADE for quality assessment of outcomes for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A critical review and meta-analysis is presented on the topic of vaccine efficacy for the disease Tritrichomonas foetus in beef cattle. This review used GRADE to help determine the quality of the outcomes that were used for this review and meta-analysis. The findings were reported in summary tables. The overall conclusion of this review was that there is a lack of conclusive evidence to support the use of this vaccine in areas where good biosecurity practices are in place, but readers can use the GRADE evidence tables to make their own decision about the results depending on their unique situation. Additionally, this review helped to point out that there were relatively few studies in cows and bulls and therefore the efficacy of the vaccine in these groups of cattle could not be assessed, and may serve as an area of future clinical research. The second example given in this thesis describes an approach in meta-analysis to compare different treatments for the same disease or problem, indirectly, called a MTC meta-analysis. Only a few MTC meta-analyses have been published in veterinary medicine. An MTC would have been performed for the critical review and meta-analysis that was presented, as there were several treatments utilized that were compared with control (no treatment). This unfortunately could not be done, due to missing information in most of the manuscripts. The overall conclusion of this review was that the results suggest that there is evidence that anthelmintic use has an effect on ADG in beef cattle production systems in a northern climate of the United States and that no conclusion could be made on weight gain as a meta-analysis could not be conducted due to poor reporting. This conclusion points out that better reporting throughout the current studies would have been needed to fully understand the magnitude of effect anthelmintic interventions for improved ADG and weight gains in beef cattle in northern climates of the United States. Furthermore, additional research would be necessary to draw conclusions regarding the timing anthelmintic interventions as well as a ranking of different anthelmintic products. The two critical reviews and meta-analyses that are presented in this thesis illustrate the need for quality primary research and comprehensive reporting of primary research. There are key places where veterinary researchers can help to make literature more usable for systematic reviews. Properly reporting measures of precision such as standard errors or standard deviations, transparency in the materials and methods so that extraction of data such as treated and control populations, sex of animals used, or number lost to follow-up, etc. are easily done. Researchers should take these important parameters into consideration prior to starting their research in order to minimize biases and attempt to do so throughout the trial. High quality, and transparent studies are much easier to include in systematic reviews and meta-analyses as well as obtain much more useful information. Finally, systematic reviews are an important part of medical literature. It seems important for the veterinary medical community to also see these benefits and begin to incorporate systematic reviews more often into veterinary research. There is a movement to ensure that medical treatments are based on the best data available. Therefore, systematic reviews should be used as part of the research process and should play a role in development and design of new research. Many human medical journals are urging or requiring researchers to perform or utilize an existing systematic review before starting a trial. Although this may seem like it might add significant time to the research process, this extra step can help to guide research in a more effective way and decrease repetition

The Heavy Photon Search beamline and its performance

The Heavy Photon Search (HPS) is an experiment to search for a hidden sector photon, aka a heavy photon or dark photon, in fixed target electroproduction at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). The HPS experiment searches for the e$^+$e$^-$ decay of the heavy photon with bump hunt and detached vertex strategies using a compact, large acceptance forward spectrometer, consisting of a silicon microstrip detector (SVT) for tracking and vertexing, and a PbWO$_4$ electromagnetic calorimeter for energy measurement and fast triggering. To achieve large acceptance and good vertexing resolution, the first layer of silicon detectors is placed just 10 cm downstream of the target with the sensor edges only 500 $\mu$m above and below the beam. Placing the SVT in such close proximity to the beam puts stringent requirements on the beam profile and beam position stability. As part of an approved engineering run, HPS took data in 2015 and 2016 at 1.05 GeV and 2.3 GeV beam energies, respectively. This paper describes the beam line and its performance during that data taking

Volume 22, Number 08 (August 1904)

Lessons from the Piano Player Contralto\u27s Lesson: A Story of the Opera Samuel Pepys, Lover of Musique Self-Confidence a Valuable Asset Young Child and the Great Composers: How AreThey to Be Brought Together? Directness, or Logic and System in Music-Teachinghttps://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/etude/1494/thumbnail.jp