THE SEXUAL ORIENTATION OF CELIE IN ALICE WALKER’S THE COLOR PURPLE

The objectives of this research are to reveal the factors that cause Celie to become a lesbian and to describe Celie‟s homosexual identity development. The researcher used sexual orientation, lesbianism and other related theories to answer the formulated research questions. The method used in this research is qualitative content analysis. The subject of this research is a novel entitled The Color Purple by Walker. The data are some phrases, clauses, and sentences related to the factors that cause Celie to become a lesbian and process of Celie‟s homosexual identity development. The key instrument of this research is the researcher herself employing sexual orientation theory by Giddens and lesbianism theory by Rich as explained in the conceptual framework. Sexual orientation and lesbianism are used as the grand theories for the analysis. The indicators made are based on the employed theories to gain the research data. To gain the trustworthiness, the researcher used data triangulation technique by crosschecking the data with her consultants and other researchers. The findings of the research show two important points. First, the factors that cause Celie to become a lesbian are psychological and social/environmental factors. Second, Celie‟s homosexual identity development process covers four stages: sensitization or emergence, identity confusion, identity assumptiopn and first relationship

Resolution of the strong CP problem

It is shown that the quark mass aligns QCD $\theta$ vacuum in such a way that the strong CP is conserved, resolving the strong CP problem.Comment: 9 pages;v2 slightly rewritten and expanded;v3 a few points clarified;v4 minor changes, journal versio

On Topological Susceptibility, Vacuum Energy and Theta Dependence in Gluodynamics

We suggest that the topological susceptibility in gluodynamics can be found in terms of the gluon condensate using renormalizability and heavy fermion representation of the anomaly. Analogous relations can be also obtained for other zero momentum correlation functions involving the topological density operator. Using these relations, we find the theta dependence of the condensates , and of the partition function for small theta and an arbitrary number of colors.Comment: Details of the derivation are clarified, changes in discussions, new references are adde

The pressure of deconfined QCD for all temperatures and quark chemical potentials

A new method for the evaluation of the perturbative expansion of the QCD pressure is presented which is valid for all temperatures and quark chemical potentials in the deconfined phase, and worked out up to and including order g^4. This new approach unifies several distinct perturbative approaches to the equation of state, and agrees with dimensional reduction, HDL and HTL resummation schemes, and the zero-temperature result in their respective ranges of validity.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of Strong and Electroweak Matter 2006 (SEWM), BNL, May 200

The electric dipole form factor of the nucleon

The electric dipole form factor of the nucleon stemming from the QCD $\bar{\theta}$ term is calculated in chiral perturbation theory in leading order. To this order, the form factor originates from the pion cloud. Its momentum-dependence is proportional to a non-derivative time-reversal-violating pion-nucleon coupling, and the scale for momentum variation--appearing, in particular, in the radius of the form factor--is the pion mass.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

Theta Dependence In The Large N Limit Of Four-Dimensional Gauge Theories

The theta dependent of pure gauge theories in four dimensions can be studied using a duality of large N gauge theories with string theory on a certain spacetime. Via this duality, one can argue that for every theta, there are infinitely many vacua that are stable in the large N limit. The true vacuum, found by minimizing the energy in this family, is a smooth function of theta except at theta equal to pi, where it jumps. This jump is associated with spontaneous breaking of CP symmetry. Domain walls separating adjacent vacua are described in terms of wrapped sixbranes.Comment: 8 p

The hamiltonian formulation of QCD in terms of angle variables

For the sake of eliminating gauge variant degrees of freedom we discuss the way to introduce angular variables in the hamiltonian formulation of QCD. On the basis of an analysis of Gauss' law constraints a particular choice is made for the variable transformation from gauge fields to angular field variables. The resulting formulation is analogous to the one of Bars in terms of corner variables. Therefore the corner or angle formulation may constitute an useful starting point for the investigation of the low energy properties of QCD in terms of gauge invariant degrees of freedom.Comment: email: [email protected]; 7 Pages LaTex Paper to appear in Physics Letters

The Higgs masses and explicit CP violation in the gluino-axion model

In this work, we adress the phenomenological consequences of explicit CP violation on direct Higgs-boson searches at high energy colliders. Having a restricted parameter space, we concentrate on the recently proposed gluino-axion model, and investigate the CP violation capability of the model subject to the recent experimental data. It is shown that the Higgs masses as well as their CP compositions are quite sensitive to the supersymmetric CP phases. The lightest Higgs is found to be nearly CP even to a good approximation whilst the remaining two heavy scalars do not have definite CP parities.Comment: 20 pp, 14 eps figs, title is changed, the manuscript is improved using the latest experimental data, some figures and references adde

CP-Violating Yukawa Couplings in the Skyrme Model and the Neutron Electric Dipole Moment

We argue that the large-\Nc behaviour of the Yukawa couplings in the Skyrme model involves issues more subtle than the vanishing of linear fluctuations needed for classical stability of the skyrmion. The chiral fluctuations about the skyrmion must be quantized in order to reach a conclusion. An improved quantization procedure allows us to confront this question directly. The pion-nucleon coupling constants \gcup (CP conserving) and \bgcup (CP violating) are calculated in the large-\Nc, three-flavour Skyrme model by direct evaluation of the leading matrix elements appearing in the LSZ reduction formula. We find that \gcup \sim \Nc^{{3 \over 2}}, but that, at most, \bgcup \sim m^2_\pi \Nc^{-\shalf}. These results show that the leading contribution to the neutron electric dipole moment in large-\Nc Skyrme model is the direct one (\Dn \sim \Nc m^2_\pi), rather than the pion loop contribution.Comment: 12 pages, Latex with no macros, BRX-TH-33

An algebraic method for solving the SU(3) Gauss law

A generalisation of existing SU(2) results is obtained. In particular, the source-free Gauss law for SU(3)-valued gauge fields is solved using a non-Abelian analogue of the Poincare lemma. When sources are present, the colour-electric field is divided into two parts in a way similar to the Hodge decomposition. Singularities due to coinciding eigenvalues of the colour-magnetic field are also analysed.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX2e; references added, other changes minor; to appear in J. Math. Phy