Experimental investigation on the concentration and voltage effects on the characteristics of deposited magnesium–lanthanum powder

International audiencePhone: +33 248 484 065 Highlights x We synthetize Mg-La powders by means of an electrodeposition process. x We characterize Mg-La powders using EDS, SEM, XRD and FTIR techniques

Mekanisme Pengangkatan Anak Kontemporer: Analisis Horizontal dan Vertikal di Negara Muslim Dunia

Salah  satu  pembaharuan  hukum  keluarga  yang  paling  banyak  digalakkan  di  negara-negara  muslim  modern  adalah  pengangkatan anak atau adopsi.  Sampai  saat  ini,  pengangkatan anak atau yang lazim juga disebut dengan adopsi merupakan salah satu bentuk tindakan hukum yang mempunyai implikasi penting terhadap beberapa status hukum pihak yang terlibat di dalamnya.  Penelitian  ini  menggunakan  pendekatan  deskriptif  komparatif  dengan  menganalisis  sejarah,  dan  dasar  hukum tentang  pengangkatan anak,  serta  membandingkan  penerapan  peraturan  poligami  di  negara-negara  muslim  seperti Indonesia,  Malaysia,  Pakistan, Turki, Tunisia, Mesir,  Maroko, Syria  dan  Yordania. Semua negara membolehkan adopsi, namun dalam regulasi secara formalistik ada 2 mekansime pengangkatan anak, yaitu melalui Lembaga peradilan dan sistem kafala

Rapid and accurate detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples by Cepheid Xpert MTB/RIF assay: A clinical validation study

Background: A crucial impediment to global tuberculosis control is the lack of an accurate, rapid diagnostic test for detection of patients with active TB. A new, rapid diagnostic method, (Cepheid) Xpert MTB/RIF Assay, is an automated sample preparation and real-time PCR instrument, which was shown to have good potential as an alternative to current reference standard sputum microscopy and culture. Methods: We performed a clinical validation study on diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in a TB and HIV endemic setting. Sputum samples from 292 consecutively enrolled adults from Mbeya, Tanzania, with suspected TB were subject to analysis by the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay. The diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Assay was compared to standard sputum smear microscopy and culture. Confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a positive culture was used as a reference standard for TB diagnosis. Results: Xpert MTB/RIF Assay achieved 88.4% (95%CI = 78.4% to 94.9%) sensitivity among patients with a positive culture and 99% (95%CI = 94.7% to 100.0%) specificity in patients who had no TB. HIV status did not affect test performance in 172 HIV-infected patients (58.9% of all participants). Seven additional cases (9.1% of 77) were detected by Xpert MTB/RIF Assay among the group of patients with clinical TB who were culture negative. Within 45 sputum samples which grew non-tuberculous mycobacteria the assay's specificity was 97.8% (95%CI = 88.2% to 99.9%). Conclusions: The Xpert MTB/RIF Assay is a highly sensitive, specific and rapid method for diagnosing TB which has potential to complement the current reference standard of TB diagnostics and increase its overall sensitivity. Its usefulness in detecting sputum smear and culture negative patients needs further study. Further evaluation in high burden TB and HIV areas under programmatic health care settings to ascertain applicability, cost-effectiveness, robustness and local acceptance are required

Influence of TV Food Advertising on Tanzanian Children Food Preference: A Case of Mahina and Alliance Schools

A study was conducted to examine the effect of television commercials promoting food on children\u27s eating habits in Tanzania. The study specifically determined the extent at which children are exposed to TV food advertisement, identified the types of foods children prefer after exposure to TV food advertisements and examined what are parents’ perception regarding the influence of television food advertisements on children food choices. The study was conducted at Mahina and Alliance primary schools within Nyamagana District in Mwanza, Tanzania. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data including questionnaires and focus group discussions. The findings obtained from a total of 184 respondents (parents), while 60 children participated in  focus group discussions.   Findings revealed that more than 50% of Mahina and Alliance primary school pupils are highly exposed to TV food advertisements. There was consensus among all respondents that television food advertisements significantly impact children\u27s food preferences, with the majority of children being prompted to ask for these products. Furthermore, the findings showed that 45% of the participants thought that they have a detrimental effect as they can lead to obesity in some children. In contrast, 45% of the remaining respondents reported that television food advertisements positively influence kids to develop a taste for food and enable parents to find new food items. The study\u27s results revealed that all participants shared a consensus, the more children watch TV commercials for food, the greater their desire will be for products featured in these commercials, as commercials aimed at children frequently employ tactics and gimmicks to sway their preferences towards unhealthy foods showcased on television programmes. As a result, this study recommends that national health organisations, such as the Tanzania Food and Nutrition Centre (TFNC), implement public awareness campaigns to promote healthy eating habits among children

Representación de los candidatos electorales y prejuicios mediáticos en Tanzania

The promises of democracy in Tanzania underscore a wide range hopes for the nation, notably with regard to media freedom and freedom of speech. However,  the intensifying privatization of the media that has characterized the last two decades of Tanzania’s emerging democracy has shifted the focus of professional journalists towards high-impact coverage of known government officials (Schudson, 2008), narrowing the breadth of news and political coverage. The agenda-setting effect of this kind of journalism reflects the often biased interests of media shareholders (McCombs & Shaw, 1972) and also affects the visibility of political candidates, hindering just and fair representation in the electoral process. This study used qualitative and quantitative content analysis of the election news coverage in six Swahili mainstream newspapers to examine the relationship between newspaper election coverage and voting outcomes in Tanzania’s 2010 Presidential election. The newspapers were studied during the three months just prior to the Tanzania Presidential election of 2010. The results of this analysis reveal some major shortcomings of electoral media coverage, including prevalent biases and uneven representation.  In addition, there appears to be a significant relationship between newspaper election coverage and voting outcomes. Las promesas de la democracia en Tanzania subrayan una amplia gama esperanzas para la nación, en particular en lo que respecta a la libertad de prensa y libertad de expresión. Sin embargo, la privatización de los medios de comunicación que ha caracterizado las dos últimas décadas de democracia emergente en Tanzania ha cambiado el enfoque de los periodistas hacia una cobertura de alto impacto sobre conocidos miembros del gobierno, así como la reducción en la amplitud de las noticias y la cobertura política. El efecto agenda de este tipo de periodismo refleja los intereses a menudo sesgados de los accionistas de medios y también afecta a la visibilidad de los candidatos políticos, lo que dificulta una representación justa y equitativa en el proceso electoral. En este trabajo se aplicó análisis de contenido cualitativo y cuantitativo sobre la cobertura de noticias de las elecciones en seis de los principales periódicos escritos en Swahili, con el fin de examinar la relación entre la cobertura realizada en los periódicos y los resultados electorales de las elecciones presidenciales de Tanzania en 2010. Se analizaron los periódicos durante los tres meses anteriores a las mencionadas elecciones. Los resultados revelan algunas deficiencias importantes en la cobertura electoral de los medios analizados, incluyendo prejuicios prevalecientes y una representación desigual de los candidatos. Además, parece apuntarse una relación significativa entre el tipo de cobertura de las elecciones realizada por los periódicos y los resultados de votación

Increased and Expedited Case Detection by Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Childhood Tuberculosis: A Prospective Cohort Study

The Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a quick and accurate tuberculosis diagnostic tool in children. Compared with microscopy, 3-fold more tuberculosis cases were detected with a similar turnaround time, resulting in a potentially shortened time to tuberculosis diagnosi

Antara Degradasi dan Ekspektasi: Menuju Pesta Demokrasi Pemilukada Tahun 2024 di Indonesia

Pemilukada is a representative of the principle of decentralization which is proclaimed in the form of regional autonomy as stipulated in Law Number 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Government. The rise of money politics and non-neutral bureaucracy are a series of real problems. So what is the concept of post-conflict local elections in Indonesia? Is it ideal or has it degraded democratic values? Is it just a mere expectation? In this research, the approach used is normative juridical, which is based on a literature review regarding the simultaneous regional elections in 2024. The data collection technique and arguments developed in this paper use a research library, namely by collecting various scientific reference sources from primary sources and secondary sources through related writings. The results of the research show that the existence of the Regional Head Election has a degradation side in terms of holding a neutral bureaucracy and intelligent voters. In fact, in terms of expectations, several ideal elements must be fulfilled in holding the Regional Election, both in terms of precise and clear regulations, competent political parties, intelligent voters, as well as independent organizers, and a neutral bureaucracy. So that the constitutional mandate will be achieved and also produce trustworthy leaders, who have integrity and are democratic

TINJAUAN SURAH AL-BAQARAH 221 TERHADAP RELEVANSI PERNIKAHAN BEDA AGAMA DI INDONESIA

Interfaith marriage is widely discussed and researched by kiyais or ustadz as well as scholars from various places. But none of the answers were lasting and the issues kept coming. By using the library research method or library research, it means collecting data using books or journals etc. It could be interpreted that related to interfaith marriages finds Surah Al-Baqarah: 221 that it is expressly prohibited, in the opinion that is pro-argument, that when you are not married it will have a worse impact, because you both like each other. As for the cons, they defended that in religious rules it is not permissible to marry someone who is not of the same faith

TINJAUAN SURAH AL-BAQARAH 221 TERHADAP RELEVANSI PERNIKAHAN BEDA AGAMA DI INDONESIA

Interfaith marriage is widely discussed and researched by kiyais or ustadz as well as scholars from various places. But none of the answers were lasting and the issues kept coming. By using the library research method or library research, it means collecting data using books or journals etc. It could be interpreted that related to interfaith marriages finds Surah Al-Baqarah: 221 that it is expressly prohibited, in the opinion that is pro-argument, that when you are not married it will have a worse impact, because you both like each other. As for the cons, they defended that in religious rules it is not permissible to marry someone who is not of the same faith

SEGMENTASI PELANGGAN PASAR TRADISIONAL BERDASARKAN STORE IMAGE (Studi Kasus pada Pelanggan Pasar Tradisional di Kota Bandung)

Pasar selain sebagai tempat berjual beli, juga merupakan salah satu wadah UMKM dan memiliki peranan penting dalam perekonomian daerah. Selain memiliki nilai secara ekonomi, pasar tradisional di Kota Bandung juga merupakan salah satu budaya turun-temurun yang harus tetap di lestarikan. Kondisi sebagian besar pasar tradisional di kota Bandung sudah dianggap tidak layak. Citra bahwa pasar merupakan tempat yang kotor, kumuh, bau dan hal-hal buruk lain telah melekat ke sebagian besar pasar tradisional di kota Bandung. Untuk meminimalisir hal tersebut pemerintah melaksanakan revitalisasi pasar untuk mengubah pasar menjadi sesuai dengan keinginan pelanggan. Dengan kata lain revitalisasi ini ingin menjadikan citra pasar menjadi sesuai dengan keinginan pelanggan. Agar tepat sasaran, segmentasi perlu dilakukan untuk dapat mengetahui profil dari setiap kelompok pelanggan pasar tradisional. Sehingga kemudian penentu kebijakan dapat menentukan target pasar yang sesuai. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada 400 pelanggan pasar tradisional. Hasil data primer dari kuesioner tersebut kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan two-step cluster analysis dengan bantuan SPSS 20.0 Dari hasil pengolahan data, maka diketahui terdapat 2 segmen besar diantara keseluruhan responden. Segmen pertama adalah apathetic shoppers, yaitu mereka yang jarang berkunjung ke pasar dan memiliki sikap yang lebih negatif terhadap pasar tradisional. Dan segmen kedua enthusiast shopper, yaitu mereka yang lebih sering mengunjungi pasar tradisional dan memberikan sikap yang lebih positif terhadap pasar tradisional. Kata kunci : Segmentasi, Pasar Tradisional, Two-step Cluste