Acoustic resonances in microfluidic chips: full-image micro-PIV experiments and numerical simulations

We show that full-image micro-PIV analysis in combination with images of transient particle motion is a powerful tool for experimental studies of acoustic radiation forces and acoustic streaming in microfluidic chambers under piezo-actuation in the MHz range. The measured steady-state motion of both large 5 um and small 1 um particles can be understood in terms of the acoustic eigenmodes or standing ultra-sound waves in the given experimental microsystems. This interpretation is supported by numerical solutions of the corresponding acoustic wave equation.Comment: RevTex, 10 pages, 9 eps figures; NOTE first authors changed his name to S. Melker Hagsater in the published versio

Protecting the Last Tree: Environmental Education in the United States, 1990-2012

Having already been hired as an environmental organizer, I reflect on how my childhood experiences impacted me. I embark upon this vocational journey with youthful optimism, a good dose of realism, and just a touch of cynicism. An environmental organizer is someone who works mobilizing individuals around targeted environmental issues. They create policy changes that are environmentally positive… generally for little pay. What has motivated me, and scores of others, to willingly take on this seemingly impossible task? For me: was it the summer vacations to Yellowstone and The Rocky Mountains with my brothers and parents? Maybe it was being able to explore in “The Woods” behind my elementary school as a child? These questions have been central in my life this semester, as I am involved in two environmental education programs: the K-12 education component of Energy Service Corps (ESC) and the Leadership in Environmental Education Partnership (LEEP). My work within these organizations, which I will elaborate on in greater detail, compels me to contemplate the impact these programs have on children

Reflections on the Senate Investigation of Army Surveillance

SYMPOSIUM: The Military After Vietnam: The Search for Legal Control

Activated sludge process : effects of feed concentration on effluent COD

Bibliography: p. 68-74.The concentration of substrates in the feed to an activated sludge process was found to exert a significant effect upon its effluent COD. A mathematical model was proposed to explain this effect and was successful in correlating the data of this study. The model was based on the hypothesis that COD measures both substrate and product concentrations. It was found that an optimum sludge age exists for achieving minimum effluent COD. At sludge ages longer than the optimum, effluent COD increased due to product formation; at shorter sludge ages the effluent COD increased due to an increased concentration of degradable substrate

Reflections on the Senate Investigation of Army Surveillance

SYMPOSIUM: The Military After Vietnam: The Search for Legal Control

Research for All: Building a Diverse Researcher Community for the All of Us Research Program

OBJECTIVES: The NIH All of Us Research Program (All of Us) is engaging a diverse community of more than 10 000 registered researchers using a robust engagement ecosystem model. We describe strategies used to build an ecosystem that attracts and supports a diverse and inclusive researcher community to use the All of Us dataset and provide metrics on All of Us researcher usage growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Researcher audiences and diversity categories were defined to guide a strategy. A researcher engagement strategy was codeveloped with program partners to support a researcher engagement ecosystem. An adapted ecological model guided the ecosystem to address multiple levels of influence to support All of Us data use. Statistics from the All of Us Researcher Workbench demographic survey describe trends in researchers\u27 and institutional use of the Workbench and publication numbers. RESULTS: From 2022 to 2024, some 13 partner organizations and their subawardees conducted outreach, built capacity, or supported researchers and institutions in using the data. Trends indicate that Workbench registrations and use have increased over time, including among researchers underrepresented in the biomedical workforce. Data Use and Registration Agreements from minority-serving institutions also increased. DISCUSSION: All of Us built a diverse, inclusive, and growing research community via intentional engagement with researchers and via partnerships to address systemic data access issues. Future programs will provide additional support to researchers and institutions to ameliorate All of Us data use challenges. CONCLUSION: The approach described helps address structural inequities in the biomedical research field to advance health equity

Quantifying Acute Behavioral Reactions of Bali Mynas (Leucopsar rothschildi) to Environmental and Progressively Challenging Enrichment

Animals use specific behaviors and skills to overcome challenges and access resources. Environmental enrichment is provided to animals in human care to both promote species-appropriate behaviors and reduce undesired behaviors. Feather pecking in birds is an undesired behavior without a clear cause. The Saint Louis Zoo houses three pairs of young Bali mynas (Leucopsar rothschildi) who pluck neck feathers from conspecifics. To reduce this behavior, animal care staff presented the birds with seven enrichment items from four categories, presenting each item twice. The enrichment included a modifiable, progressively challenging bamboo tube device at multiple levels of difficulty. While plucking was not affected by any enrichment item, we observed significant increases in locomotion and decreases in autopreening, allogrooming, and head bobbing. Leafy greens produced the greatest changes when compared to other enrichment types. Overall engagement with the progressively challenging enrichment increased with the change from the first to the second level of difficulty, and interaction with the device was highest for the third and most difficult version. These increases suggest that no habituation to the progressively challenging device occurred, while a possible neophobic effect declined with multiple uses and increased familiarity