Green functions of the damped wave equation and applications

This work presents some results on the Green Functions of the Damped Wave Equation. We exhibit its fundamental solution and we study it. This fundamental solution allows us to obtain the solution of the initial value problem when the initial conditions are general distributions. We also give conditions on these initial conditions that insure us uniqueness of solution. To this purpose we develop some theory about the semigroup, as an application, and we finally apply our results to the price evolution of an asset in a Financial Model we propose

Pigment composition of 'Hass' avocado and the extracted oil : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Technology in Food Technology at Massey University

The changes in the concentration of pigments in the skin and the three pulp sections of the Persea americana (Hass var.) and the extracted oil up to 13 days after harvest at 20°C were identified and quantified by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). In the fresh tissue, seven pigments identified belonging to the carotenoid family were lutein, β-carotene, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, zeaxanthin, antheraxanthin and α-carotene. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, pheophytin a and pheophytin b, chlorophyllide a and chlorophyllide b were identified and measured. In the oil extracted using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE), lutein and antheraxanthin were identified. Neoxanthin, violaxanthin and zeaxanthin were not present. The [β-carotene and α-carotene were not tested due to the limitation of the method used in the oil determination. Chlorophyllide a and chlorophyllide b were absent. In the pulp starting from the dark pulp adjacent to the skin towards the stone, the carotenoid and chlorophyll concentrations in the fresh tissue and the extracted oil both showed a decreasing pattern. The highest oil yield was found to be between days 6 and day 8 after harvest. The pigment composition patterns of the avocado fresh tissue correspond to that of the extracted oil. There was an on-going increase in the concentration of the total anthocyanins in the avocado skin. The major anthocyanin identified was cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. Cold pressed avocado oil in the laboratory and in a commercial factory with different levels of skin included during the malaxing were produced. The peroxide value, free fatty acid value, fatty acid composition and antifungal diene were measured to determine the quality of avocado oil with different levels of skin. These showed that the addition of skin had no effect on the quality of oil produced. The addition of skin during cold pressed extraction increased the pigment levels. The stability of factory cold pressed avocado oil with added skin was investigated using accelerated shelf life testing. The addition of skin during avocado oil production in the factory shortened the shelf life. Storage of avocado oil under dark and at lower temperatures (≤20°C) provided greater stability for avocado oil pigments. The levels of antifungal diene in the avocado oil were undetectable. The comprehensive data regarding pigment composition obtained in this research may be of used in food technology, nutrition, postharvest management and gene technology. Keywords: avocado fruit, avocado oil, pigments, colour, carotenoids, chlorophylls, anthocyanin, lutein, chlorophyll a chlorophyll b, chlorophyllides, pheophytins, accelerated solvent extraction, cold pressed extraction, diene, peroxide value, shelf life

Hacia otras relaciones transatlánticas

El escenario después de la cumbre de las Azores difícilmente puede ser más preocupante: el Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU, al que George W. Bush acusa de no haber estado "a la altura de su responsabilidad", se ha resquebrajado; la Unión Europea, pese a que Jacques Chirac diga que renacerá de la crisis, se ha cuarteado y la brecha atlántica se ha ensanchado. Pocas preguerras han destrozado tanto. George W. Bush, Tony Blair, José María Aznar y José Manuel Durao Barroso, el anfitrión de la cumbre, lanzaron en las Azores algo más que un ultimátum a Sadam Husein. Pocas preguerras han destrozado tanto como ésta que ahora se vive contra Irak. George W. Bush, Tony Blair, José María Aznar y José Manuel Durao Barroso, el anfitrión de la cumbre, lanzaron en las Azores algo más que un ultimátum a Sadam Husein. De la cumbre de las Azores ha surgido una nueva visión para ordenar el mundo. Tony Blair ya lo sentenció el 18 de marzo, cuando luchaba a brazo partido por su vida política en la Cámara de los Comunes. "Este conflicto, más que el destino de Irak, determinará la forma en que el mundo afrontará los desafíos del siglo XXI y la forma en que Estados Unidos se relacionará con el mundo"

A proposal for a shallow ontologization of WordNet

En este artículo se presenta el trabajo que se está realizando para la llamada ontologización superficial de WordNet, una estructura orientada a superar muchos de los problemas estructurales de la popular base de conocimiento léxico. El resultado esperado es un recurso multilingüe más apropiado que los ahora existentes para el procesamiento semántico a gran escala.This paper presents the work carried out towards the so-called shallow ontologization of WordNet, which is argued to be a way to overcome most of the many structural problems of the widely used lexical knowledge base. The result shall be a multilingual resource more suitable for large-scale semantic processing