Approaches to antibiotic therapy in patients with calculous pyelonephritis, undergoing in-patient treatment in the department of urology

To study the structure of pathogens and their sensitivity to antibiotics in patients with calculous pyelonephritis undergoing treatment in the department of urology of St. Joseph Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospital in 2013-2015. To determine the antibacterial chemotherapeutic agents for initial and etiological antibiotic therapy of patients with calculous pyelonephritis in the department of urology of St. Joseph Belgorod Regional Clinical Hospita

Linear theory of nonlocal transport in a magnetized plasma

A system of nonlocal electron-transport equations for small perturbations in a magnetized plasma is derived using the systematic closure procedure of V. Yu. Bychenkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4405 (1995). Solution to the linearized kinetic equation with a Landau collision operator is obtained in the diffusive approximation. The Fourier components of the longitudinal, oblique, and transversal electron fluxes are found in an explicit form for quasistatic conditions in terms of the generalized forces: the gradients of density and temperature, and the electric field. The full set of nonlocal transport coefficients is given and discussed. Nonlocality of transport enhances electron fluxes across magnetic field above the values given by strongly collisional local theory. Dispersion and damping of magnetohydrodynamic waves in weakly collisional plasmas is discussed. Nonlocal transport theory is applied to the problem of temperature relaxation across the magnetic field in a laser hot spot.Comment: 27 pages, 13 figure

Use of emission spectroscopy for real-time assessment of relative wall erosion rate of BHT-200 hall thruster for various regimes of operation

Radiation emission due to Boron atoms sputtered from the Boron-Nitride ceramic walls of a BHT-200 Hall thruster was measured as a diagnostic for real time assessment of thruster wall erosion and to determine the e ects of various operation conditions on thruster lifetime. Boron neutral 249.677 and 249.773nm lines were measured using a high resolution spectrometer. Spectral measurement results and the accompanying analysis and discussion are presented in this study. From the spectral measurements it was observed that the Boron emission intensity significantly increases for increased discharge voltage pointing to a large increase in the thruster wall erosion rate. Additionally, the measurements show that for the nominal discharge voltage and the applied magnetic field intensity, there is an optimum propellant flow rate for minimum Boron emission, thus minimum wall erosion rate. The variation in the current to the magnet coils showed that the Boron emission intensity increases for increased magnetic field and the Boron emission intensity shows similar behavior to that of the Xenon single ion emission line intensity at 248.911nm. The findings of the study show that emission spectroscopy can be used in determining the optimum operational parameters for minimum wall erosion for SPT type Hall thrusters

Enhanced inverse bremsstrahlung heating rates in a strong laser field

Test particle studies of electron scattering on ions, in an oscillatory electromagnetic field have shown that standard theoretical assumptions of small angle collisions and phase independent orbits are incorrect for electron trajectories with drift velocities smaller than quiver velocity amplitude. This leads to significant enhancement of the electron energy gain and the inverse bremsstrahlung heating rate in strong laser fields. Nonlinear processes such as Coulomb focusing and correlated collisions of electrons being brought back to the same ion by the oscillatory field are responsible for large angle, head-on scattering processes. The statistical importance of these trajectories has been examined for mono-energetic beam-like, Maxwellian and highly anisotropic electron distribution functions. A new scaling of the inverse bremsstrahlung heating rate with drift velocity and laser intensity is discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figure

“We did not Send You There”: Media Representations of the War in Afghanistan and the Emergence and Practice of Cancel Culture in Post-Soviet Russia

The article is devoted to the problem of transformation of historical memory in the context of digitalization. The aim of the article is to make a critical analysis of the “cancel culture” as one of the tools for the formation and transmission of historical identity in digital space and beyond. The new media space from where the phenomenon of cancel culture originated is chosen as the research field. The objective of the article is then to bring the conceptual subjects of memory studies and media theory closer together. New media differ significantly from traditional media, and these differences determine the change in discursive rules and consequently imply a reorganization of the discursive space.  The vertical paternalistic structure of discourse gives way to a horizontal rhizomatic structure, while the rigid author-reader opposition breaks down. The change in discursive rules entails a change of discursive practices. The changes affect not only discursive but also social space, including the space of historical memory. The digitalization of the past entails new forms of memory existence. At the same time, some traditional functions, such as identity formation, are preserved. New media becomes a platform for identity formation, providing opportunities for the construction and constant reassembly of identities. The article considers “cancel culture” as a marker of this reassembly. It is viewed both as a mode of manifestation and as a source of identity. The critical analysis highlights both the negative and positive characteristics of the phenomenon, explaining its paradoxicality and regularity in the new reality

War Memory and “Memory Wars” in Modern Memory Studies: the Main Approaches and Key Actors

Поступила в редакцию: 01.03.2021. Принята к печати: 15.03.2021.Submitted: 01.03.2021. Accepted: 15.03.2021.В статье анализируются основные подходы к рассмотрению памяти о войнах, сложившиеся в отечественных и зарубежных научных исследованиях. Предпринимается попытка выстроить классификацию этих подходов, где критерием выступает выделение центрального актора, транслирующего образы военного прошлого, или признание множественности таких акторов. Рассматриваются особенности государства и различных негосударственных акторов в артикуляции памяти о войнах. Как итог, выделяются национально-государственный подход, подход, обращающийся к понятию «народной памяти», и социально-акторный подход. Делается вывод, что в рамках социально-акторного подхода связь памяти о войне и «войн памяти» характеризуется наибольшей близостью и дает теоретико-методологические возможности для изучения категории «войны памяти».The article deals the main approaches to the analysis of war memory, that established in Russian and foreign academic researches. It is made an attempt to classify these approaches, and the criteria is the highlighting of a central actor, translating the images of war past, or the recognition of the plurality of such actors. It is showed the specificities of a state and non-state actors in the articulation of war memory. As a result, it is highlighted a statecentred approach, a popular-memory approach and a social-agency approach. It is concluded, that in the socialagency approach the relation between war memory and “memory wars” becomes the most conspicuous, and it gives theoretical and methodological bases to study the category “memory wars”.Публикация подготовлена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ-ЭИСИ (проект № 20-011-31600 «Мемориальные войны и политика национальной идентичности на постсоветском пространстве»)

The Images of Stalin and Stalin’s Era in Civil Religion of Modern Russia: Conflict Potential’s Risks between State and Orthodox Discourses

Статья поступила в редакцию 06.12.2023; одобрена после рецензирования 30.12.2023; принята к публикации 01.04.2024.The article was submitted 06.12.2023; approved after reviewing 30.12.2023; accepted for publication 01.04.2024.В статье рассматривается проблема репрезентации образов И. В. Сталина и сталинской эпохи в официальном государственном и православном дискурсах, проводится их сравнение, оценка степени взаимовлияния друг на друга, выявляются основные точки «напряженности» в этих нарративах. В условиях общей актуализации мемориальной повестки и по-прежнему высокого символического капитала событий, связанных с этим периодом, для большей части российского общества, включения их в формируемую гражданскую религию важно обратить внимание на возможные риски сосуществования этих двух нарративов. Делается вывод, что потенциальная конфликтность этих политик памяти связана прежде всего с противоречиями «постсоветских» и «несоветских» дискурсов. В заключение предлагаются концептуальные установки для государственной политики памяти, которые могли бы нивелировать выявленные риски.The article is dedicated to the problem of the representation of the images of Stalin and Stalin’s era in official state and Orthodox discourses, it is compared of them, it is analyzed of the mutual influence, it is recognized of “tension points” in these narratives. In the context of the general actualization of the memorial agenda and the still high symbolic capital of events related to this period, for the majority of Russian society, including them in the emerging civil religion, it is important to pay attention to the possible risks of the coexistence of these two narratives. It is concluded that the potential conflict of these politics of memory is primarily related to the contradictions of “post-Soviet” and “non-Soviet” discourses. In conclusion, conceptual guidelines for the state politics of memory are proposed, which could offset the identified risks.Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-28-00535 «Гражданская религия в современной России: мемориальные практики и особенности теологического дискурса», https://rscf.ru/project/22-28-00535/The research was carried out at the expense of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation № 22-28-00535, https://rscf.ru/project/22-28-00535

War Commemorations of Russian Orthodox Church as the Mechanism to Construct Civil Religion in Modern Russia

The article was submitted 15.11.2022; approved after reviewing 30.11.2022; accepted for publication 30.11.2022.Статья поступила в редакцию 15.11.2022; одобрена после рецензирования 30.11.2022; принята к публикации 30.11.2022.The article considers war commemorations and memorial practices of the Russian Orthodox Church in the context of the formation of civil religion in contemporary Russia. It is emphasized that the relations between the army and the church are the most institutionalized, including those concerning the politics of memory. The factors which determine the centrality of images of war in historical representations, including religious actors, are considered. The main specificity of the representation of the wars of the past within the framework of religious discourse is highlighted.В статье рассматриваются военные коммеморации и мемориальные практики Русской православной церкви в контексте формирования гражданской религии в современной России. Подчеркивается, что отношения армии и церкви в наибольшей степени институциализированы, в том числе по вопросам политики памяти. Рассматриваются факторы, обусловливающие центральное место образов войны в исторических репрезентациях, в том числе религиозных акторов. Выделяется основная специфика представления войн прошлого в рамках религиозного дискурса.The study was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation No. 22-28-00535 «Civil religion in modern Russia: mnemonic practices and features of theological discourse», https://rscf.ru/project/22-28-00535/.Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-28-00535 «Гражданская религия в современной России: мемориальные практики и особенности теологического дискурса», https://rscf.ru/project/22-28-00535/