Platinum-palladium loaded polypyrrole film electrodes for the electrooxidation of D-glucose in neutral media

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Modified polymer films with metal particles incorporated into the films by electrodeposition are known as possible electrocatalysts for various electrode reactions such as fuel cell applications. This work presents some results concerning the electrooxidation of D-glucose at modified polymer film electrodes prepared on a platinum substrate. This reaction has a great deal of interest in view of its applications to detection systems (glucose sensor), fuel cells (pacemakers) and electroorganic systhesis. The modified polymer film electrodes contain platinum and/or palladium particles dispersed in the polypyrrole film by electrodeposition in neutral media. Addition of palladium to platinum modifies the electrocatalytic behaviour of the electrode drastically. The modification is thought to involve minimisation of the poisoning of the catalyst, hence increasing its electrode activity. © 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved

Electrooxidation of methanol on doped polypyrrole films in acidic media

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Electrooxidation of methanol was realised on platinum and perchlorate anion doped polypyrrole film electrodes in acidic media. A systematic kinetic investigation was performed and optimum experimental conditions for the preparation of the electrocatalytic system were determined. The presence of ClO4- anions was confirmed by XPS analysis of the doped polymer matrix. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

Collaborative multidisciplinary learning : quantity surveying students’ perspectives

The construction industry is highly fragmented and is known for its adversarial culture, culminating in poor quality projects not completed on time or within budget. The aim of this study is thus to guide the design of QS programme curricula in order to help students develop the requisite knowledge and skills to work more collaboratively in their multi-disciplinary future workplaces. A qualitative approach was considered appropriate as the authors were concerned with gathering an initial understanding of what students think of multi-disciplinary learning. The data collection method used was a questionnaire which was developed by the Behaviours4Collaboration (B4C) team. Knowledge gaps were still found across all the key areas where a future QS practitioner needs to be collaborative (either as a project contributor or as a project leader) despite the need for change instigated by the multi-disciplinary (BIM) education revolution. The study concludes that universities will need to be selective in teaching, and innovative in reorienting, QS education so that a collaborative BIM education can be effected in stages, increasing in complexity as the students’ technical knowledge grows. This will help students to build the competencies needed to make them future leaders. It will also support programme currency and delivery

Pouzdanost i ekološka prihvatljivost tekstilija za dječju odjeću proizvedenih u Turskoj

Materials come into contact with skin, such as clothing, should be produced in accordance with certain standards. In the fabrics used in baby clothes like all garment product are undergoing various chemical processes during the production phase. Chemical substances and heavy metals used in the production phase of baby clothes; allergic, toxic and carcinogenic, these substances cannot be completely removed from clothes by washing. In this study, fabrics used in the production of the clothes planned to be sold in various stores were provided. These fabrics, which will be used in the baby clothes production, have been examined with various tests and checked whether they contain any residue which may be harmful to health.Odjeća kao i svi materijali koji dolaze u kontakt s kožom trebaju se izrađivati u skladu s određenim standardima. Tekstilni materijali za dječju odjeću, kao i svi odjevni proizvodi, tijekom proizvodnje prolaze razne procese obrade uključujući i kemijske procese. Kemijske tvari koje se koriste u obradama materijala za proizvodnje dječje odjeće, mogu biti alergene, otrovne i kancerogene, često se ne mogu u potpunosti ukloniti s odjeće pranjem. U ovom radu su istraženi tekstilni materijali dostupni za prodaju u trgovinama a namijenjeni proizvodnji dječje odjeće, odnosno odjeće za bebe u dobi od 0-2 godine. Na prikupljenim uzorcima tekstilnih materijala provedeno je ispitivanje kvalitete i sadržaja tvari štetnih za zdravlje primjenom raznim testova

A review of tertiary BIM education for advanced engineering communication with visualization

SPECT with Tc-99m-labeled agents is better able to detect viability after nitrate administration. Nitrates induce vasoclilation and may increase blood flow to severely hypoperfused but viable myocardium, thereby enhancing tracer delivery and improving the detection of viability. Quantitative data on the changes in blood flow are lacking in SPECT but can be provided by PET. The aim of the present study was to use PET to evaluate whether nitrate administration increases blood flow to chronically dysfunctional but viable myocardium. Methods: N-13-Ammonia PET was used to quantitatively assess blood flow, and F-18-FDG PET was used as the gold standard to detect viable myocardium. Twenty-five patients with chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction underwent N-13-ammonia PET at rest and after nitrate administration. Results: A significant increase in nitrate-enhanced blood flow was observed in viable segments (from 0.55 +/- 0.15 to 0.68 +/- 0.24 mL/min/g, P <0.05). No statistically significant change in blood flow was observed in nonviable segments (0.60 +/- 0.20 vs. 0.55 +/- 0.18 mL/min/g). A ratio of at least 1.1 for nitrate-enhanced flow to resting flow allowed optimal detection of viable myocardium, yielding a sensitivity of 82% with a specificity of 100%. Conclusion: N-13-Ammonia PET showed a significant increase in nitrate-enhanced blood flow in viable myocardium, whereas blood flow remained unchanged after nitrate administration in nonviable myocardium. Nitrate use during myocardial perfusion imaging will lead to improved assessment of myocardial viability

Examination of the levels of happiness and fear of intimacy with coronavirus anxiety in couples

Çalışmanın temel amacı çiftlerin ilişkilerinde mutluluk ve yakınlık korkusu düzeylerinin koronavirüs kaygısı ile birlikte incelenmesidir. Çalışma 2022 yılında çevrimiçi olarak Google Formlar üzerinden hazırlanan anket ile yapılmıştır. Facebook, Whatsapp, İnstagram gibi sosyal medya platformlarında paylaşmasıyla ulaşılan 423 yetişkin bireyin verilerinden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın veri toplama araçlarını Sosyo-Demografik Bilgi Formu, İlişkilerde Mutluluk Ölçeği (İMÖ), Yakınlık Korkusu Ölçeği (YKÖ), Koronavirüs Kaygı Ölçeği oluşturmaktadır. Toplanan veriler SPSS programı kullanılarak; Mann-Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis H testi, Pairwise comparison testi ve Spearman korelasyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma bulgularına göre ilişkilerde mutluluk ve yakınlık korkusu puanları arasında pozitif yönlü, zayıf düzey anlamlı korelasyon olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Koronavirüs kaygısı ve yakınlık korkusu puanları arasında anlamlı korelasyon olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın bir diğer bulgusuna göre pandeminin partnerle ilişkide çatışmayı arttırdığını düşünenlerin koronavirüs kaygısı puanları arttırmadığını düşünenlerin puanlarından anlamlı şekilde daha yüksektir. Elde edilen bulgular literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmış ve bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.The main purpose of the study is to examine the levels of happiness and fear of intimacy in couples' relationships together with coronavirus anxiety. The study was conducted in 2022 with a questionnaire prepared online via Google Forms. It consists of the data of 423 adult individuals, which are reached by sharing them on social media platforms such as Facebook, Whatsapp and Instagram. The data collection tools of the study are Socio-Demographic Information Form, Happiness in Relationships Scale (PES), Fear of Intimacy Scale (YLO), Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Collected data using SPSS program; Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis H test, Pairwise comparison test and Spearman correlation analysis were applied. According to the findings of the study, it was determined that there was a positive, weak level significant correlation between happiness in relationships and fear of intimacy scores. It was determined that there was no significant correlation between coronavirus anxiety and fear of intimacy scores. According to another finding of the study, those who think that the pandemic increases conflict in the relationship with their partner are significantly higher than those who think that the coronavirus anxiety scores do not increase. The findings were discussed within the framework of the literature and some suggestions were presented

Mg-Al alaşımlarının mikroark oksidasyon işlemi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır.Yüksek saflıktaki magnezyum ve alüminyum alaşımlarının geliştirilmesi ile gelişmiş korozyon direncine doğru en önemli adım gerçekleştirilmiştir. Buna karşın, genel ve galvanik korozyona karşı koruma, aşınmaya karşı direnç halen alaşım geliştirme yöntemi ile başarılamamaktadır. Böyle durumlar da, hafif metal alaşım bileşenlerinin kaplanması kaçınılmaz bir yöntem olmaktadır. Günümüzde birçok kaplama yönteminin(CVD, PVD, plazma spray gibi) hafif alaşımlara uygulanabilirliği araştırılmaktadır. MAO yöntemi de bu kaplama yöntemlerinden bir tanesidir ki yatırım maliyeti diğer kaplama yöntemlerinden daha düşük olması bu yöntemi diğer kaplama yöntemlerinden ayıran en önemli özellik yapmaktadır.Bu çalışmanında, mikroark oksidasyon (MAO) prosesi kullanılarak magnezyum alaşımlarının (AM 60, AM60+0.2Ti, AM60+0.6Ti) ve alüminyum alaşımının (Al 6060) yüzey modifikasyonu yapılmıştır. Yüzey modifikasyonu sonucunda Mg bazlı alaşımların yüzeyinde düşük porozite sahip modifikasyon tabakası oluşturmak amaçlanmış ve bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için çözelti tayini ve mikrodalga sinterleme yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, mikrodalga sinterlemenin Al 6060 numunelerinin modifikasyon tabakasına olan etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, mikroyapı karakterizasyonu SEM, EDS, XRD kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca, numunelerin sertlik, yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve korozyon dirençleri incelenmiştir. AM 60 yüzeyinde, sodyum silikat ve sodyum fosfit içerikli çözeltilerle proses gerçekleştirilmiştir. İki farklı çalışma sonunda sodyum fosfit içerikli çözelti sodyum silikat içerikli çözeltiye göre daha düşük porozite daha yüksek korozyon direnci ve daha düşük yüzey pürüzlülüğü sağladığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca sürenin artışı porozite artışına sebebiyet vermektedir. Al 6060 numunelerinde ise mikrodalga sinterleme ile porozite değeri düşmüştür. Sertlik değerleri ise Mg alaşımlarına göre daha yüksek elde edilmiştir. Modifiye edilmiş al alaşımının yüzey pürüzlülük değeri modifiye magnezyum alaşımlarının yüzey pürüzlük değerinden daha fazla olduğu gözlenmiştir.Anahtar kelimeler: Mikroark Oksidasyon, porozite, AM 60, Al 6060, SEM, EDS, XRDWith the development of high purity magnesium alloys, the most significant step towards improved corrosion resistance has been carried out. However, protection against general and galvanic corrosion and wear resistance is still difficult to achieve by simple alloy development. Applicable of several coating processes such as CVD, PVD, plasma spray, on light alloys is studied by researchers. One of the coating processes is MAO process that initial investment for an anodizing treatment is relatively low as to others.The modification layer of various magnesium alloys and aluminum alloy was obtained by using MAO. One of the aims of the present study was to decrease porosity on the magnesium based alloys. To achieve that aim, various of aqueous solutions and microwave sintering was used. Furthermore, the effect of microwave sintering on the modified layer of the aluminum alloy was investigated. After modification the samples were carried out metallographic examinations (SEM, EDS, XRD). MAO process was carried out on magnesium alloys using two different aqueous solutions including sodium silicate and sodium phosphate. The porosity amount of modified magnesium alloys with aqueous solution including sodium phosphate was lower than that including sodium silicate. The porosity increased with increased processing time. The porosity value of Al 6060 samples was decreased by microwave sintering process. The hardness value of Al 6060 samples was obtained higher than magnessium based samples. Besides, the surface roughness value of Al 6060 was also found higher than magnesium based alloys samples.Keywords: Microarc oxidation, porosity, AM 60, Al 6060, SEM, EDS, XR

Enhancing Building Safety Design for Active Shooter Incidents: Exploration of Building Exit Parameters using Reinforcement Learning-Based Simulations

With the alarming rise in active shooter incidents (ASIs) in the United States, enhancing public safety through building design has become a pressing need. This study proposes a reinforcement learning-based simulation approach addressing gaps in existing research that has neglected the dynamic behaviours of shooters. We developed an autonomous agent to simulate an active shooter within a realistic office environment, aiming to offer insights into the interactions between building design parameters and ASI outcomes. A case study is conducted to quantitatively investigate the impact of building exit numbers (total count of accessible exits) and configuration (arrangement of which exits are available or not) on evacuation and harm rates. Findings demonstrate that greater exit availability significantly improves evacuation outcomes and reduces harm. Exits nearer to the shooter's initial position hold greater importance for accessibility than those farther away. By encompassing dynamic shooter behaviours, this study offers preliminary insights into effective building safety design against evolving threats

Alterations within the Coastal Urban Environments: Case of the Coastal Squares of Istanbul Megacity

Two-thirds of the megacities of the world are standing on the coastal areas. Today, coastal megacities are under the impact of varying factors like human-induced changes such as urbanization and mega projects and the natural ones as global climate change and natural disasters. Many European coastal cities are examining the impacts of the sea level change due to the global climate change. Regarding its long history, interplay with the sea and the drastic population, Istanbul captures a significant place both in Turkey and in the world. It is standing as a city, which is phase by phase losing its interaction with the sea due to the mega projects generated within the last decades. Although their limited number; public squares and parks attached with the promenades are the only openings to the sea and they contribute maintaining the continuity and sustainability of coastal identity. This chapter handles five significant historical squares and interrogates their interplay with the natural and physical challenges of the twenty-first century. Regarding this aim, case areas are evaluated by parameters of morphological attributes, formation of squares, qualification of the surfaces and coastal-based natural disaster impacts such as sea level rise and tsunami through literature-based studies and spatio-temporal diagrammatic maps

Science in a changing world: A generalization of science and politics and their impacts on knowledge societies

In recent years, a profound structural change has taken place in science and research. Science is a field of study that tries to reveal dark secrets. The mass media reports extensively about scientific subjects. Besides helping design the environment, science also aims to develop reliable explanations of phenomena with the assistance of diverse experiments, trials or observations. The objective of science is to produce and systemize knowledge so that societies can benefit. In this context, science is the basic element of modern societies called “knowledge societies.” Scientific knowledge is transmitted through people (e.g., professors, teachers and scientists) or literature which should be objective, verifiable and pursuable. But who determines which questions are asked and which answers are accepted as valid? And how are scientists affected by this? In theory, science and research are free of all governmental influences but it is interesting to see how scientists are able to influence politicians with predictions and, conversely, how politicians influence them with their power. From this point of view, the main purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between science and politics and to present the current situation of science in a changing world. © The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology