Detention of Undocumented Immigrants and the Judicial Impact of the CJEU's Decisions in France

types: ArticleThis is a pre-copyedited, author-produced pdf of an article accepted for publication in the International Journal of Refugee Law following peer review. The version of record (2014) 26 (3): 333-349 is available online at: doi: 10.1093/ijrl/eeu033. First published online: August 15, 2014. Submitted online in line with the publisher's author self archiving policy.In July 2012, the French Court of Cassation held that undocumented immigrants cannot be placed in police custody simply for being in the country illegally. The Court’s judgments were preceded by a flurry of contradictory administrative measures and constitutional decisions. This confusion can be traced back to two landmark decisions handed down by the Court of Justice of the European Union in the cases of El Dridi and Achughbabian, which both dealt with the EU Returns Directive. It is argued here that prohibiting the placement of undocumented aliens in police custody is the result of a unique interplay between French criminal law and European Union law. This relationship between the two systems of law has been placed under strain by the French court’s idiosyncratic interpretation of the CJEU’s decisions. In its interpretation, the Court of Cassation has contributed to the transformation of detention from an extraordinary measure of last resort into an ordinary tool for combating illegal immigration. Based on this argument, this article draws conclusions on the French judicial authorities’ balancing of individual rights and public interests in relation to aliens’ rights

The Contribution of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights to the Protection of Irregular Immigrants' Rights: Opportunities and Challenges

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Oxford University Press via the DOI in this record.This article aims to re-evaluate and clarify the significance of the contribution of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights to the protection of irregular immigrants’ rights. It argues that this Court has placed itself at the forefront of a renewed approach to immigration, confirming its potential to promote an extended form of protection of irregular immigrants’ rights in Latin America. However, the actual protection of irregular immigrants’ rights promoted by the Court depends on Latin American countries’ capability to overcome several important challenges, in particular with respect to the compliance with judicial decisions and the effectiveness of the protection of rights. These challenges, which are not purely legal or institutional, are strongly dependent on the Latin American cultural, political and societal context. They may therefore hinder the impact of a stronger human rights-based approach to the protection of irregular immigrants’ rights in Latin America

Protecting migrant children’s rights

This report relates to the training workshop on the protection of migrant children’s rights which is part of an ESRC-funded research project currently led by Dr Ana Beduschi (https://migrantchildren.org/). The event was organised by the University of Exeter in partnership with the NGO Network for Children’s Rights Greece. The workshop was held at their headquarters in Athens on the 28 January 2017. Agenda and training materials (in English and in Greek) available here: https://migrantchildren.org/2016/10/25/upcoming-in-january-2017/ The event was attended by aid workers (frontline workers) providing services in three refugee camps in Athens and by refugee lawyers working for the Network for Children’s Rights and for ARSIS (Greek NGO providing support for children). This workshop emphasised training on legal aspects of the protection of migrant children. It also explored the possibility of developing a vulnerability and best interests tool which would be simple and accessible to frontline workers. Despite the absence of specific official procedure, frontline workers at the NGO Network for Children’s Rights are already conducting a form of best interests of the child determinations in relation to migrant children. Following the workshop and considering their input, we propose a vulnerability and best interests of the child determination tool, which can be used by frontline workers in their daily work.ESRC IAA Project Co-Creation Fun

Avaliação dos óbitos ocorridos no HU/UFSC e comparação do perfil dos pacientes que morreram nas enfermarias com o daqueles que morreram na UTI.

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Curso de Medicina. Departamento de Clínica Médica

Protecting migrant children’s rights

This report relates to the training workshop on the protection of migrant children’s rights which is part of an ESRC-funded research project currently led by Dr Ana Beduschi (https://migrantchildren.org/). The event was organised by the University of Exeter in partnership with the NGO Network for Children’s Rights Greece. The workshop was held at their headquarters in Athens on the 28 January 2017. Agenda and training materials (in English and in Greek) available here: https://migrantchildren.org/2016/10/25/upcoming-in-january-2017/ The event was attended by aid workers (frontline workers) providing services in three refugee camps in Athens and by refugee lawyers working for the Network for Children’s Rights and for ARSIS (Greek NGO providing support for children). This workshop emphasised training on legal aspects of the protection of migrant children. It also explored the possibility of developing a vulnerability and best interests tool which would be simple and accessible to frontline workers. Despite the absence of specific official procedure, frontline workers at the NGO Network for Children’s Rights are already conducting a form of best interests of the child determinations in relation to migrant children. Following the workshop and considering their input, we propose a vulnerability and best interests of the child determination tool, which can be used by frontline workers in their daily work.ESRC IAA Project Co-Creation Fun

Building Digital Identities: The Challenges, Risks and Opportunities of Collecting Behavioural Attributes for new Digital Identity Systems.

The provision of legal identity for all is increasingly viewed as a key mechanism for driving development goals. Behavioural attributes produced through digital interactions may have significant potential for enabling access to a legal identity for all, however the social, legal, and technical affordances and implications remain under-explored.University of Exeter and CoelitionEconomic and Social Research Council (ESRC

Guidelines for patternmaking teaching and for didactic materials

The present study approaches historical analyses of the methodologies used for patternmaking\ud teaching and proposes the development of guidelines for this teaching. Therefore, it conducts a\ud historical survey on the several techniques and methods used since the 1960s, allowing a\ud comparison between method and sociocultural period aiming to the pursuit of techniques that can\ud make the learning process easier. The analysis of the main patternmaking techniques used over time\ud and of the research with educators from the area will provide a broad vision of what can be used to\ud optimize the learning process and what can be dropped for not favouring a quicker and with a better\ud quality educationCape

UMA ANÁLISE DA ELASTICIDADE-RENDA DE PROTEÍNA ANIMAL NO BRASIL

O Brasil possui um mercado interno potencial para o consumo de alimentos, principalmente para as proteínas animais. A carne, o leite e ovo já fazem parte da alimentação dos brasileiros e sua demanda está ligada a vários fatores, como preços, qualidade, aspectos nutricionais, preferência, gosto e, principalmente, a restrição orçamentária, ou seja, a renda. Junta-se a isso a proteína pescado, que mesmo sendo um alimento muito saudável, não tem um hábito de consumo consolidado no país. A fim de determinar o quanto a renda impacta o consumo de proteína animal, buscou-se neste trabalho estimar as elasticidades-renda da demanda de proteína, no Brasil e suas regiões. As elasticidades foram obtidas por meio do ajustamento de uma poligonal com três segmentos. Os coeficientes de elasticidade-renda do dispêndio, calculados para as carnes de forma geral, foram sempre menores do que 1, sendo a carne bovina, responsável pelos valores extremos: a de primeira, próxima de 1 e a de segunda, próxima de zero. Para a carne suína, o coeficiente só foi menor que a bovina de primeira, e o coeficiente de pescado somente superior ao da bovina de segunda. Para o leite, ovos e frango, os coeficientes foram intermediários.---------------------------------------------Brazil has a potential domestic market for food consumption, mainly for the animal proteins. The meat, the milk and egg are already a part of the Brazilian eating habit and its demand is connected to several factors, like prices, quality, nutritional aspects, preferences, taste and, mainly, the budget restriction, that is, the income. For the protein fish, that same being a very healthy food, it doesn't have a consumption habit consolidated at the country. To determine how much the income impacts on the animal protein consumption, this work estimated the income-elasticities of protein demand in Brazil and their areas. The elasticities were obtained by fitting a three-segment polygonal curve. The income elasticities coefficients, calculated for meat, were always below 1, being beef responsible to extreme values: the beef of first quality is near 1 and the beef of second quality, near zero.For the pork meat, the coefficient was only smaller than the beef of first quality, and the fish coefficient only superior to the of the beef of second quality. For the milk, eggs and chicken, the coefficients were intermediate.Demanda, elasticidade-renda, proteína animal, Demand, Income-elasticity, animal protein, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Livestock Production/Industries,

Vulnerability on Trial: Protection of Migrant Children’s Rights in the Jurisprudence of International Human Rights Courts

This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the link in this record.Although vulnerability does not have an express legal basis in international human rights law, international human rights courts, and particularly the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), have increasingly drawn on this concept in their jurisprudence. The ECtHR has developed an important line of cases concerning migrant children, which it considers as particularly vulnerable to physical and mental harm during the migratory process. The Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) also anchored this notion in an influential advisory opinion on the rights of migrant children. This article critically examines this case-law against the existing scholarship on vulnerability and the legal framework on human rights protection. It argues that the concept of vulnerability, when complemented by considerations of best interests of the child, can operate as a magnifying glass for State obligations, exposing a greater duty of protection and care vis-à-vis migrant children. It suggests that the human rights courts should deploy a more substantial approach to migrant children’s rights based on the concept of vulnerability and on the principle of best interests of the child. Above all, this approach would foster stronger protection of these children’s rights in the long term. In addition, if effectively applied, it would allow the human rights courts to avoid stigmatising the most exposed individuals in the ongoing global migration crisis