Urwaldrelikt-Arten - Xylobionte Käfer als Indikatoren für Strukturqualität und Habitattradition

On the basis of the list of saproxylic beetles of Germany, the authors present a definition and list of “Urwald relict species”, comprising 115 beetles that are considered to be associated with primeval forest (“Urwald”) structures and features. We use the term “habitat tradition” to describe a continuity in supply of old growth dead wood and forest structures. The selection of species is made on behalf of the following criteria: relict records in Central Europe; attachment to continuity of deadwood resources and habitat tradition; continuity of old growth stand features like tree and deadwood maturity and di-versity; absence from cultivated Central European forest.Urwaldrelikt-Arten - Xylobionte Käfer als Indikatoren für Strukturqualität und Habitattradition Auf der Basis der Liste xylobionter Käfer Deutschlands legen die Autoren eine Definition und Liste von 115 Käferarten vor, die in Deutschland als Urwaldreliktarten bezeichnet werden können. Wir definieren die Kontinuität eines Bestandes hinsichtlich Totholzangebot und Bestandsstruktur als „Habitattradition“. Die Auswahl der Arten erfolgt anhand folgender Kriterien: Reliktäres Vorkommen in Mitteleuropa; Bindung an Strukturkontinuität bzw. Habitattradition sowie Kontinuität der Alters- und Zerfallsphase; hohe Ansprüche an Totholzqualitäten und –quantitäten; aus den kultivierten Wäldern Mitteleuropas verschwindend oder schon verschwunden

Dissolved noble gases and stable isotopes as tracers of preferential fluid flow along faults in the Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany

Groundwater in shallow unconsolidated sedimentary aquifers close to the Bornheim fault in the Lower Rhine Embayment (LRE), Germany, has relatively low δ2H and δ18O values in comparison to regional modern groundwater recharge, and 4He concentrations up to 1.7 × 10−4 cm3 (STP) g–1 ± 2.2 % which is approximately four orders of magnitude higher than expected due to solubility equilibrium with the atmosphere. Groundwater age dating based on estimated in situ production and terrigenic flux of helium provides a groundwater residence time of ∼107 years. Although fluid exchange between the deep basal aquifer system and the upper aquifer layers is generally impeded by confining clay layers and lignite, this study’s geochemical data suggest, for the first time, that deep circulating fluids penetrate shallow aquifers in the locality of fault zones, implying  that sub-vertical fluid flow occurs along faults in the LRE. However, large hydraulic-head gradients observed across many faults suggest that they act as barriers to lateral groundwater flow. Therefore, the geochemical data reported here also substantiate a conduit-barrier model of fault-zone hydrogeology in unconsolidated sedimentary deposits, as well as corroborating the concept that faults in unconsolidated aquifer systems can act as loci for hydraulic connectivity between deep and shallow aquifers. The implications of fluid flow along faults in sedimentary basins worldwide are far reaching and of particular concern for carbon capture and storage (CCS) programmes, impacts of deep shale gas recovery for shallow groundwater aquifers, and nuclear waste storage sites where fault zones could act as potential leakage pathways for hazardous fluids

Characterizing groundwater flow and heat transport in fractured rock using Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing

International audienceWe show how fully distributed space-time measurements with Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (FO-DTS) can be used to investigate groundwater flow and heat transport in fractured media. Heat injection experiments are combined with temperature measurements along fiber-optic cables installed in boreholes. Thermal dilution tests are shown to enable detection of cross-flowing fractures and quantification of the cross flow rate. A cross borehole thermal tracer test is then analyzed to identify fracture zones that are in hydraulic connection between boreholes and to estimate spatially distributed temperature breakthrough in each fracture zone. This provides a significant improvement compared to classical tracer tests, for which concentration data are usually integrated over the whole abstraction borehole. However, despite providing some complementary results, we find that the main contributive fracture for heat transport is different to that for a solute tracer

Active-distributed temperature sensing to continuously quantify vertical flow in boreholes

We show how a distributed borehole flowmeter can be created from armored Fiber Optic cables with the Active-Distributed Temperature Sensing (A-DTS) method. The principle is that in a flowing fluid, the difference in temperature between a heated and unheated cable is a function of the fluid velocity. We outline the physical basis of the methodology and report on the deployment of a prototype A-DTS flowmeter in a fractured rock aquifer. With this design, an increase in flow velocity from 0.01 to 0.3 m s−1 elicited a 2.5°C cooling effect. It is envisaged that with further development this method will have applications where point measurements of borehole vertical flow do not fully capture combined spatiotemporal dynamics

Villamos erőtér hatása az élő szervezetekre = Biological effects of electromagnetic fields

Az elektromágneses tér nem termikus biológiai hatására vonatkozó kísérleti adatok ellentmondásosak. Elméleti szempontból akkor lehet biológiai hatás, ha a külső tér erőssége meghaladja az elektromosan töltött sejtmembrán termikus hőmozgásával keletkező zaj-térerősség értékét. A zaj-térerősség számítására többféle zajmodellt dolgoztak ki. Ezek a modellek több szempontból kritizálhatók. Ezért kidolgoztunk egy új zajmodellt, amely szerint a külső tér un. zérusorrendű összetevőjének lehet biológiai hatása. Elméletet dolgoztunk ki a gyenge terek rezonancia szerű hatására vonatkozóan. Az elektromágneses tér termikus hatásaként sejtroncsolás léphet fel. Kidolgoztuk a sejtroncsolódás energetikájának termodinamikai elméletét. Kidolgoztunk egy energetikai dózis fogalmat, amely tökéletes egyezésben van a Separeto-Dewey-féle, sejtenyészetekre kidolgozott, empirikus dózissal. Modelleztük a különböző méretű emberi fejekben a 900 MHz, 1800 MHz és 2100 MHz-es frekvenciával sugárzó rádiótelefonokból elnyelt fajlagos teljesítmény eloszlást. A fő cél annak megállapítása volt, hogy van-e különbség a gyermek és felnőtt fej közt az energia abszorpció szempontjából. Az eredményeket összevetettük a nemzetközi szabványok határértékeivel. Mivel az elektromágneses terek perszonális hatásait nemcsak a fejméretek, hanem a viselt szemüveg ill. az esetlegesen beültetett fém implantátumok is befolyásolhatják, ezért az említett tényezők expozíció módosító hatására is kiterjesztettük vizsgálatainkat. | The observations of the non-thermal effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) are in many cases inconsistent. At the theoretical approximation the field strength resulting from the thermal noise of cell membrane is compared to the field strength induced on the effect of EMF. The field strength of noise is calculated by using thermal noise model. These models however may be criticized from several points of view. We give a new model by means these inadequacies can be eliminated. In accordance with the theory, no noise limit may be attributed to the zero order modal values of noise modes. Also this is the noise mode with a possible biological effect. We had considered the energy intake of the cellular distortion during the exposures. We worked out the thermodynamic theory of these thermal processes. We introduced an energy-dose for this thermal distortion process. We had shown that our energy-dose and the Separeto-Dewey empirical-dose are identical. The specific absorption rate (SAR) in scaled human head models is analyzed to study possible differences between SAR in the heads of adults and children and for assessment of compliance with the international guidelines, while using a mobile phone at 900, 1800 and 2100 MHz. Whereas the personal effects of electromagnetic fields are also affected by the dimension of heads, glasses and metal implants, the examinations are widened to the exposition modification effects of the mentioned factors also

Thermal-Plume fibre Optic Tracking (T-POT) test for flow velocity measurement in groundwater boreholes

International audienceWe develop an approach for measuring in-well fluid velocities using point electrical heating combined with spatially and temporally continuous temperature monitoring using Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS). The method uses a point heater to warm a discrete volume of water. The rate of advection of this plume, once the heating is stopped, equates to the average flow velocity in the well. We conducted Thermal-Plume fibre Optic Tracking (T-POT) tests in a borehole in a fractured rock aquifer with the heater at the same depth and multiple pumping rates. Tracking of the thermal plume peak allowed the spatially varying velocity to be estimated up to 50 m downstream from the heating point, depending on the pumping rate. The T-POT technique can be used to estimate the velocity throughout long intervals provided that thermal dilution due to inflows, dispersion, or cooling by conduction do not render the thermal pulse unresolvable with DTS. A complete flow log may be obtained by deploying the heater at multiple depths, or with multiple point heaters

Integrating Intersectional Identity into Clinical Supervision

Differentiated from general social work supervision, clinical supervision is a core means by which post-graduate clinical social workers develop and refine their professional skills and ethical practice, and secure terminal licensure. The integration of the supervisee’s composite intersecting aspects of identity, which is conceptualized here as their intersectional identity, is a critical component of clinical supervision given the ethical demands of the profession, the nature of growth and regrowth that occurs in any educational process, and the impact each clinical social worker’s self has on their own clinical practice (Association of Social Work Boards, 2013; Bubar, Cespedes, & Bundy-Fazioli, 2016; Kolb, 1984). The structure and relationship of clinical supervision has a significant role in supporting supervisees as they begin to incorporate aspects of their intersectional identities with their clinical social work practice. This dissertation offers recommendations from the existing body of literature and the results of an exploratory qualitative study on how themes and concepts from intersectionality and intersectional identity might be integrated into clinical supervision