Corrigendum to “Adult attachment and prolonged grief:A systematic review and meta-analysis” [Personality and Individual Differences 214 (2023) 112315] (Personality and Individual Differences (2023) 214, (S0191886923002386), (10.1016/j.paid.2023.112315))

Correction to Eisma et al. (2023) In the article “Adult attachment and prolonged grief: A systematic review and meta-analysis” by Maarten C. Eisma, Kathrin Bernemann, Lena Aehlig, Antje Janshen, and Bettina K. Doering (Personality and Individual Differences, 2023, Vol. 214: 112315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2023.112315), an error occurred in the meta-analysis of the concurrent associations between attachment avoidance and prolonged grief symptoms. The error has not affected the general conclusions from the systematic review and meta-analysis. Nevertheless, the authors regret the error has occurred and hereby wish to correct it. The correlation coefficient between attachment avoidance and prolonged grief symptoms for the study by Delespaux (2013) was entered as r = 0.19 in the calculation of the meta-analysis. The correct coefficient is r = −0.21. The correction of this error resulted in changes in Section 3.3.4 of the results section, Figs. 3, 4 and Table 4. Meta-analysis of concurrent associations between attachment avoidance and prolonged grief symptoms The random effects model demonstrated a pooled correlation coefficient of small size between attachment avoidance and prolonged grief symptoms (r = 0.13; k = 15; 95 % CI: 0.01–0.24, Fig. 3). The LFK index was −1.00, with the Doi plot indicating no asymmetry (i.e., publication bias). Heterogeneity among studies was significant (Q = 206.88, p ≤ .001) with a very high I2 (93%). The subgroup analysis comparing studies that measured attachment avoidance in general (r = 0.23; k = 10; 95 % CI: 0.19–0.27; I2 = 30 %) and studies that measured attachment avoidance in relation to the deceased (r = −0.07; k = 5; 95 % CI: −0.31−0.19; I2 = 94 %) yielded a significant difference between the groups, Q(1) = 122.76, p ≤ .001 (Fig. 4). The sensitivity analysis identified three outliers as outside of the 95 % CI of the pooled correlation coefficient (Delespaux et al., 2013; Meert et al., 2010; Smigelsky et al., 2020). Table 4 presents the results of the MetaXL sensitivity analysis by showing the pooled correlation coefficient when each respective study is excluded. Removal of the three outliers increased the pooled correlation coefficient (r = 0.20; k = 12; 95 % CI: 0.15–0.24) and reduced heterogeneity (Q = 16.65, p = .119; I2 = 34 %). After removal of the outliers, the difference in the subgroup analysis comparing attachment assessments (attachment avoidance in general: r = 0.22; k = 9; 95 % CI: 0.18–0.25; I2 = 0 %; attachment avoidance in relation to the deceased: r = 0.11; k = 3; 95 % CI: −0.07-0.30; I2 = 72 %) was no longer significant (Q = 3.37, p = .066).[Figure</p

Adult attachment and prolonged grief:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Diagnoses characterized by severe, persistent and disabling grief have recently been added to the ICD-11 and DSM-5-TR as prolonged grief disorder. Adult attachment is widely assumed critical in the development, persistence, and treatment of prolonged grief, yet a meta-analysis on this topic is lacking. We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42021220511) searching PsycInfo, Web of Science, and PubMed (final search: August 2022) to identify and summarize quantitative research examining relationships between adult attachment (i.e., attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, secure attachment, disorganized attachment) and prolonged grief symptoms. Thirty-one studies including 8347 bereaved adults were included. Attachment anxiety (r = 0.28, 95 % CI:0.23–0.32, k = 15) and attachment avoidance (r = 0.15, 95 % CI:0.05–0.26, k = 15) related positively to prolonged grief symptoms concurrently. We found no evidence of publication bias but did detect heterogeneity in effect sizes. Ten longitudinal analyses showed no evidence that insecure attachment styles increase prolonged grief symptoms. Attachment anxiety predicted better therapy outcomes. Insecure attachment styles are concurrently positively related to prolonged grief symptoms but do not increase grief severity. The role of adult attachment in contemporary grief theories may need reconsideration. Intensive longitudinal research should aim to clarify how dynamic changes in attachment to the deceased and others relate to changes in prolonged grief symptoms.</p

Dedifferentiation of Foetal CNS Stem Cells to Mesendoderm-Like Cells through an EMT Process

Tissue-specific stem cells are considered to have a limited differentiation potential. Recently, this notion was challenged by reports that showed a broader differentiation potential of neural stem cells, in vitro and in vivo, although the molecular mechanisms that regulate plasticity of neural stem cells are unknown. Here, we report that neural stem cells derived from mouse embryonic cortex respond to Lif and serum in vitro and undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mediated dedifferentiation process within 48 h, together with transient upregulation of pluripotency markers and, more notably, upregulation of mesendoderm genes, Brachyury (T) and Sox17. These induced putative mesendoderm cells were injected into early gastrulating chick embryos, which revealed that they integrated more efficiently into mesoderm and endoderm lineages compared to non-induced cells. We also found that TGFβ and Jak/Stat pathways are necessary but not sufficient for the induction of mesendodermal phenotype in neural stem cells. These results provide insights into the regulation of plasticity of neural stem cells through EMT. Dissecting the regulatory pathways involved in these processes may help to gain control over cell fate decisions