Chiral symmetry breaking in Hamiltonian QCD in Coulomb gauge

Spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry is investigated in the Hamiltonian approach to QCD in Coulomb gauge. The quark wave functional is determined by the variational principle using an ansatz which goes beyond the commonly used BCS-type of wave functionals and includes the coupling of the quarks to the transversal spatial gluons. Using the lattice gluon propagator as input it is shown that the low energy chiral properties of the quarks, like the quark condensate and the constituent quark mass, are substantially increased by the coupling of the quarks to the spatial gluons. Our results compare favourably with the phenomenological values.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Inhibitionsfähigkeit des dorsolateralen präfrontalen Kortex bei jungen Erwachsenen mit spezifischer Phobie anhand von TMS-evozierter N100

Spezifische Phobien gehören zu den häufigsten psychiatrischen Erkrankungen und beeinträchtigen die Lebensqualität der Betroffenen. Trotz der hohen Prävalenz der Erkrankung ist die zugrunde liegende Pathophysiologie von spezifischen Phobien bis heute noch nicht vollständig geklärt. Es wird ein Zusammenhang zwischen einer insuffizienten kognitiven Kontrolle im Sinne einer gestörten GABA-vermittelten top-down Regulation des dorsolateralen präfrontalen Kortex (DLPFC) und dem Auftreten einer Angststörung angenommen. In der vorliegenden Doktorarbeit wurde geprüft, ob bei jungen Erwachsenen mit spezifischer Phobie Veränderungen in der Inhibitionsfähigkeit des DLPFC festgestellt werden können. Dazu wurde unter transkranieller Magnetstimulation (TMS) ein Elektroenzephalogramm (EEG) aufgezeichnet und die Amplitude der N100 als Parameter kortikaler Inhibition über GABA-B-Rezeptoren analysiert. In die Studie wurden 22 junge Erwachsene mit spezifischer Phobie im Alter von 18-25 Jahren eingeschlossen und mit einer angststörungsfreien Kontrollgruppe bestehend aus 26 jungen Erwachsenen im gleichen Alter verglichen. Keine der Testpersonen stand unter psychotroper Medikation. Die N100 wurde sowohl unter Ruhebedingungen als auch während der Bearbeitung einer 1-back task mit emotionalen Gesichtsausdrücken (ängstlich, wütend, neutral) gemessen. Die Amplitude der N100 über dem DLPFC unter Ruhebedingungen in der Gruppe der spezifisch phobischen Testpersonen war signifikant kleiner als in der Kontrollgruppe. Zwischen Ruhebedingung und task-Bedingung konnte kein signifikanter Unterschied in der N100 Amplitude festgestellt werden. Über die verschiedenen Stimuli der 1-back task hinweg wurden ebenfalls kleinere Amplituden der N100 in der Gruppe spezifischen Phobien im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus war die Amplitude der N100 kleiner bei der Verarbeitung ängstlicher Gesichtsausdrücke als bei der Verarbeitung neutraler Gesichtsausdrücke. Die kleinere Amplitude der N100 am DLPFC deutet auf ein kortikales Inhibitionsdefizit bei spezifischer Phobie hin. Dieses scheint durch die Verarbeitung ängstlicher Gesichtsausdrücke verstärkt zu werden. Da es sich um eine kumulative Promotion handelt, ist die Zusammenfassung an den Abstract der zugehörigen Publikation mit mir als geteilter Erstautorin angelehnt

Boost operators in Coulomb-gauge QCD: the pion form factor and Fock expansions in phi radiative decays

In this article we rederive the Boost operators in Coulomb-Gauge Yang-Mills theory employing the path-integral formalism and write down the complete operators for QCD. We immediately apply them to note that what are usually called the pion square, quartic... charge radii, defined from derivatives of the pion form factor at zero squared momentum transfer, are completely blurred out by relativistic and interaction corrections, so that it is not clear at all how to interpret these quantities in terms of the pion charge distribution. The form factor therefore measures matrix elements of powers of the QCD boost and Moeller operators, weighted by the charge density in the target's rest frame. In addition we remark that the decomposition of the eta' wavefunction in quarkonium, gluonium, ... components attempted by the KLOE collaboration combining data from phi radiative decays, requires corrections due to the velocity of the final state meson recoiling against a photon. This will be especially important if such decompositions are to be attempted with data from J/psi decays.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

Yeşil gece

Reşat Nuri'nin Vakit'te tefrika edilen Yeşil Gece adlı romanıTelif hakları nedeniyle romanın tam metni verilememiştir

Equity lens founder’s guide : a guide for women founders in Asia and the Pacific on navigating gender bias in the fundraising process

This guide aims to support and empower women startup founders in the Asia-Pacific region to navigate inherent gender biases during three stages of the fundraising process: (1) preparing for investment, (2) identifying investors, and (3) pitching for investment. In Asia and the Pacific, the gender gap in access to venture capital (VC) is significant. In 2021, only 1.8% of VC funding went to women-only startup founding teams, while 89.5% of VC funding went to startups with only men on the founding team and 8.6% to startups with mixed-gender founding teams. This disparity is largely due to gender bias in investors’ organisational policies and practices. Building on the extensive experience of Value for Women and ESCAP in this sphere, it is clear that systemic change requires “changing the institution, not the women.” However, we know that changing the institutions and systems takes more time and in the meantime, women founders face a significant gender finance gap in raising capital for their businesses. This guide highlights the gender biases that women founders currently face and provides insights and recommendations for how to navigate and work around them. This Guide is here to help women startup founders counter the conscious and unconscious biases present throughout the fundraising process and unlock the capital they deserve, while the broader systemic changes continue. Related document: Equity lens toolkit for venture capital investors : mitigating Gender Bias within investment processes This guide was prepared through the collaborative efforts of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) and Value for Women Ltd under the “Catalyzing Women’s Entrepreneurship” programme, funded by the Government of Canada through Global Affairs Canad

Equity lens toolkit for venture capital investors : mitigating Gender Bias within investment processes

This toolkit was developed by Value for Women (VfW) in collaboration with the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, with funding from the Government of Canada through Global Affairs Canada.This publication, The Equity Lens Toolkit (ELT), was developed to create and foster more inclusive investment processes for women founders across the Asia-Pacific region. It is a practical resource to guide Venture Capital firms (VCs) and investors through the journey of uncovering gender biases that inadvertently make their way into the investment process. This toolkit will equip VCs and investors with tools and frameworks to mitigate the risk of potential gender bias in the investment process and discover missed opportunities that may otherwise be overlooked. The toolkit is particularly relevant to increase access to capital for women founders and women-led businesses (WLBs) who may otherwise have been filtered out from the process. Related document: Equity lens founder’s guide : a guide for women founders in Asia and the Pacific on navigating gender bias in the fundraising processThis publication, The Equity Lens Toolkit (ELT), was prepared through the collaborative efforts of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) and Value for Women Ltd under “Catalyzing Women’s Entrepreneurship” programme, funded by the Government of Canada through Global Affairs Canad

Advancing the green transition of SMEs : insights for SME development agencies to support sustainability practices and reporting

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are essential drivers of economic growth, innovation and employment across the globe. As efforts for the green transition accelerate, it is critical to ensure and facilitate the involvement of SMEs in driving the green transition. Policymakers and government agencies with a mandate to support SME development can take various policy measures, including regulatory, awareness raising and financial approaches to support SMEs on their green transition journey. One dimension of such support includes the promotion of environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices and reporting among SMEs. Given their scale, SMEs often face challenges in adopting ESG practices. These challenges include limited understanding of the relevance of ESG concepts to their businesses, gaps in the skills needed to incorporate ESG principles in business operations and report on their ESG performance, and obstacles to accessing the practical tools and funding to initiate their ESG journey and support their transition to green business practices. This report examines strategic programmes and initiatives across the ASEAN region designed to address these challenges and promote the adoption of ESG practices and reporting. It showcases selected case studies from ASEAN countries which illustrate various approaches and programmes supporting SMEs in their green transition, including roadshows, award schemes, digital platforms, capacity-building initiatives and financing mechanisms.</p

The Problems of Localization in Videogames Based on «Uncharted» Game Series

This article describes the difficulties of the specific type of video game adaptation called localization and such aspects involved into this process as the game title, the wordplay, characters' addressing, context dependence, slangs and cultural features. We regard the examples based on the game «Uncharted» and offer the recommendations