Profil masnih kiselina i rezidua pesticida u maslacu od vrhnja i jogurta tijekom skladištenja

Butter samples produced from cream (C) or yoghurt (Y) were evaluated for fatty acid (FA) composition and pesticide residues. The results showed that yoghurt butter has a higher health-promoting index (HPI) compared to the cream butter and overall acceptability scores at the end of storage. The yoghurt butter contained 62.81 g 100 g-1 saturated, 3.50 g 100 g-1 monounsaturated, and 2.44 g 100 g-1 polyunsaturated fatty acids whereas the cream butter contained 69.99 g 100 g-1 saturated, 3.57 g 100 g-1 monounsaturated and 2.81 g 100 g-1 polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. The peroxides levels varied from 0.90 for the cream to 1.44 mEq O2 kg-1 for yoghurt butter samples. The moisture content varied from 16.21 to 13.19 and 13.83 to 13.57 g 100 g-1 and the total lipid content varied from 77.5 to 79.5 and 83.0 to 83.5 g 100 g-1 for cream and yoghurt butter samples, respectively. The 13 pesticide compounds in butter samples did not exceed the legal limits.Uzorcima maslaca proizvedenim od vrhnja (C) i jogurta (Y) određivan je sastav masnih kiselina (FA) i koncentracija rezidua pesticida. Rezultati su pokazali da maslac od jogurta ima viši indeks poboljšanja zdravlja (HPI) u usporedbi s maslacem od vrhnja i ukupne ocjene prihvatljivosti na kraju skladištenja. Maslac od jogurta sadržavao je 62,81 g 100 g-1 zasićenih, 3,50 g 100 g-1 jednostruko nezasićenih i 2,44 g 100 g-1 višestruko nezasićenih masnih kiselina, dok je maslac od vrhnja sadržavao 69,99 g 100 g-1 zasićenih, 3,57 g 100 g-1 jednostruko nezasićenih i 2,81 g 100 g-1 višestruko nezasićenih masnih kiselina. Koncentracija peroksida kretala se od 0,90 za uzorke maslaca od vrhnja do 1,44 mEq O2 kg-1 za uzorke maslaca od jogurta. Udio vlage iznosio je od 16,21 do 13,19 i 13,83 do 13,57 g 100 g-1, a ukupni udio lipida varirao je od 77,5 do 79,5 i 83,0 do 83,5 g 100 g-1 za uzorke maslaca od vrhnja i jogurta. Rezidui 13 pesticida u uzorcima maslaca nisu prekoračili maksimalno dozvoljene zakonske granice

First serological survey of Neospora caninum infections in dairy cattle and dogs in the Republic of Kosovo

Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite that infects cattle, dogs, and other animals, posing a significant concern in livestock production, particularly dairy cattle. Here, we report the first detection and prevalence of N. caninum in Kosovo in dairy cattle and dogs. Blood samples were collected from 300 individual dairy cows located on 30 farms across all seven regions of Kosovo, as well as from 53 dogs, including 29 farm dogs and 24 urban dogs. Sera were analyzed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies to N. caninum. Antibodies were detected in cows from 60% of the surveyed farms, with 52 of 300 cows testing positive, resulting in a seroprevalence rate of 17.33% (95% CI: 13.0–21.6%). Among dogs, 4 of 53 were seropositive, yielding a seroprevalence rate of 7.55% (95% CI: 0.4–14.6%). All seropositive dogs resided on farms in close contact with dairy cattle (4 of 29 tested positive, resulting in a 13.79% seroprevalence rate), whereas none of the urban dogs tested positive for N. caninum antibodies. This study is the first to detect N. caninum antibodies in dairy cattle and farm dogs in Kosovo. The observed seroprevalence rates underscore the necessity of enhanced prevention and control measures to mitigate the impact of this parasite on livestock and companion animals.This article is published as Behluli, B., Xhekaj, B., Fetahaj, L., Rugovaj, R., Rexhepi, A., Youngs, C. R., Musliu, A., Krasniqi, X., and Sherifi, K. 2025. First serological survey of Neospora caninum infections in dairy cattle and dogs in the Republic of Kosovo. Ger. J. Vet. Res. 5 (1): 113-117. https://doi.org/10.51585/gjvr.2025.1.012