Time-spliced X-ray Diffraction Imaging

Diffraction imaging of non-equilibrium dynamics at atomic resolution is becoming possible with X-ray free-electron lasers. However, there are unresolved problems with applying this method to objects that are confined in only one dimension. Here I show that one-dimensional coherent diffraction imaging is possible by splicing together images recovered from different delays in a time-resolved experiment. This is used to image the time and space evolution of antiferromagnetic order in a complex oxide heterostructure from measurements of a resonant soft X-ray diffraction peak. Mid-infrared excitation of the substrate is shown to lead to a magnetic front that propagates at a velocity exceeding the speed of sound, a critical observation for the understanding of driven phase transitions in complex condensed matter

First-principles study of crystallographic slip modes in ω-Zr.

We use first-principles density functional theory to study the preferred modes of slip in the high-pressure ω phase of Zr. The generalized stacking fault energy surfaces associated with shearing on nine distinct crystallographic slip modes in the hexagonal ω-Zr crystal are calculated, from which characteristics such as ideal shear stress, the dislocation Burgers vector, and possible accompanying atomic shuffles, are extracted. Comparison of energy barriers and ideal shear stresses suggests that the favorable modes are prismatic 〈c〉, prismatic-II [Formula: see text] and pyramidal-II 〈c + a〉, which are distinct from the ground state hexagonal close packed α phase of Zr. Operation of these three modes can accommodate any deformation state. The relative preferences among the identified slip modes are examined using a mean-field crystal plasticity model and comparing the calculated deformation texture with the measurement. Knowledge of the basic crystallographic modes of slip is critical to understanding and analyzing the plastic deformation behavior of ω-Zr or mixed α-ω phase-Zr

Raspodjela ekoloških niša između sedam simpatričkih lacertidnih gušterica u Peloponeškom gorju

All seven lacertid species recorded in the Peloponnese can be found in a very small area in the Arcadian highlands on the Peloponnese peninsula. Only one example of such unique diversity in such a small area has been described in the Mediterranean region before. This density requires the occupation of different restricted ecological and ethological niches by all seven species and therefore the habitats have to be diverse. Niche segregation, ecological demands and the ethological differences between the species are discussed in relation to this habitat diversity.Svih sedam lacertidnih vrsta zabilježenih za Peloponez mogu se naći na vrlo malom području u Arkadijskom gorju na poluotoku Peloponezu. Dosad je na području Sredozemlja poznat samo jedan primjer takve jedinstvene raznolikosti na tako malom prostoru. Takva gustoća zahtijeva zauzeće različitih ograničenih ekoloških i etoloških niša sa strane svih sedam vrsta i zbog toga staništa moraju biti raznolika. U radu se raspravlja o toj podijeljenosti niša, kao i o ekološkim zahtjevima i etološkim razlikama među vrstama, u odnosu na raznolikost staništa

Temporal trends in pregnancy weight gain and birth weight in Bavaria 2000-2007: slightly decreasing birth weight with increasing weight gain in pregnancy

Aims: To assess temporal trends in birth weight and pregnancy weight gain in Bavaria from 2000 to 2007. Methods: Data on 695,707 mother and infant pairs (singleton term births) were available from a compulsory reporting system for quality assurance, including information on birth weight, maternal weight at delivery and at booking, maternal smoking, age, and further anthropometric and lifestyle factors. Pregnancy weight gain was defined as: weight prior to delivery minus weight at first booking minus weight of the newborn. Results: Although mean weight gain during pregnancy increased considerably from 10.10 to 10.73 kg in seven years, the mean birth weight in mature singletons decreased slightly from 3433 to 3414 g. These trends could not be explained by concurrent changes in the rates of primiparity, smoking and gestational diabetes. Conclusions: These German data confirm an increased weight gain during pregnancy with adjustment for potential confounders

Guest Editorial: The 2014 Capstone Design Conference

The goal of the 2014 Capstone Design Conference held in Columbus, OH was to build upon the success of three previous conferences (2007 and 2010 in Boulder, CO, and 2012 in Champaign, IL) and expand the community of educators, students, and industry members engaged in discussing, analyzing, and improving capstone design education. Sessions at the 2014 Capstone Design Conference were designed for vibrant sharing of ideas and experiences across the capstone community via interactive panel sessions, poster session socials, and hands-on workshops. This editorial discusses conference planning, structure, and feedback. Technical papers that follow in this issue document scholarship surrounding noteworthy capstone course innovations. Most of these began as four page peer-reviewed papers included in the conference proceedings