Investigation of Cyperus Rotundus Root Extract on Diabetic Complications in Rats with Alloxan-Induced Diabetes

Background and Introduction: The prevalence of hyperglycemic diseases known collectively as diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in the current century. Diabetics are particularly vulnerable to infections, which can have devastating health consequences. The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of an aqueous extract of Cyperus rotundus roots on diabetic complications in rats with diabetes caused by Alloxan. Martial and Methods: Specifically: Alloxan monohydrate, Borosilicate, and a diagnostic kit. Specifically: a diagnostic kit, a phrase, or a paraphrase. Centrifuge Micropippet, Glucose check monitoring device, electronic digital scales, EDDY's Hot plate analgesometer MK-11, and the Biofuse pico. All chemicals employed were of the AR grade variety, including the alloxan monohydrate, metformin, chloroform, diethyl ether, and ethyl ether.Results: No deaths or toxicity symptoms were observed in the AECR acute toxicity test in mice, indicating that the extract was well tolerated and the test doses were safe in the animals. The effect of AECR on fasting blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic rats was measured using an auto analyzer glucose kit to determine the compound's antidiabetic activity. The plasma or blood glucose level is measured after an individual has fasted as part of a carbohydrate metabolic test. The hormone glucagon is secreted into the bloodstream during fasting to facilitate the catabolic release of glucose. Conclusion: The results show that in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the oral administration of an aqueous extract of Cyperus rotundus exhibited neuroprotective, nephroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities by increasing insulin production and decreasing glucogan production and an SGOT snd SGPT level

Design and Evaluation of Polyherbal Nanogel for The Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

A typical autoimmune condition known as rheumatoid arthritis is linked to progressive impairment, systemic problems, early death, and socioeconomic expenses. Rheumatoid arthritis has no known cause, and the prognosis is uncertain. However, new therapies with better results have been developed as a result of breakthroughs in our knowledge of the disease's aetiology. The current therapeutic approach, which reflects this advancement, involves starting intensive therapy shortly as a diagnosis is made and escalating the medication in the goal of clinical response while being guided by an evaluation of the disease condition. The medicinal industry is not an alternative to the increasing paradigm of nanotechnology, which is evoking advancements in practically all technological sectors. It has long been utilised for artificial medicine production. The emphasis today is on conventional therapies, though. This study has a considerable application in the developing field of nanomedicine because it focuses upon the nanogel preparations of conventional drugs. As the risks and shortcomings of contemporary medicine become more obvious, herbal therapies are experiencing a comeback because they are viewed as a fair and well-balanced method of therapy. The effectiveness of herbal medicines in the treatment and management of disease is demonstrated by developments in analytical and clinical studies. Herbal treatments' primary drawback is their failure to dissolve and stabilize. Newer technological developments may be able to solve the issues with herbal remedies. Nano-formulations show how modern technology and herbal medicines interact. Consequently, herbal medications' increased stability, homogeneity, low toxicity, and strong drug encapsulation capacities make them a promising candidate for innovative drug delivery systems

DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF NANOENCAPSULATED BERBERIS ASIATICA BIO COMPOUNDS

Objective: The current study goal is to develop and optimize nanoencapsulated biocompounds of Berberis asiatica (BCBA) utilizing the ionic gelation process to target the kidney for antiurolithiatic activity. Methods: Nanoencapsulated BCBA was prepared employing the ionic gelation method. Box Behnken Design (BBD) 3-factor, 3-level is used to examine the effects of formulation parameters and to enhance the desired responses. Characterization studies include Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) performed to study the quality of optimized nanoparticles. Results: Mathematical equations and response surface plots were used to relate the dependent and independent variables. Diagnostic charts were used to show the varied factor level permutations. The percentages of entrapment efficiency (% EE) and drug release (% DR) used in evaluation studies of optimized biocompounds of Berberis asiatica nanoparticles (OBCBANPs) were determined to be 83.7% and 78.33%, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results showed that chitosan, sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP), and BACB were compatible. Due to chitosan and NaTPP gelation in the case of OBCBANPs, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses have acknowledged the crystalinity. The particle size and zeta potential of the optimized formulation found to be 95.4 nm and 31 mV, respectively, indicate the nanoparticles are in the nano range and possess extreme stability by preventing particle convergence. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) studies reveal that the optimized formulation nanoparticles are spherical in shape, homogeneous, and have little aggregation. The accelerated stability studies showed that the optimized formulation was stable at different temperatures and relative humidity. Conclusion: The stable optimized formulation was prepared, evaluated, and characterized. BBD is employed to optimize the formulation by minimizing the number of experimental runs and enhancing the desired responses. The optimized formulation further needs to investigate the invivo studies for antiurolithiatic activity by targeting the kidney

DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF NANOENCAPSULATED BIO COMPOUNDS OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS: BOX BEHNKEN APPROACH

Objective: The current study’s objective is to develop and optimize nanoencapsulated biocompounds of Asparagus racemosus (BCAR) utilizing the ionic gelation process to target the kidney for antiurolithiatic activity. Methods: Nanoencapsulated BCAR was prepared employing the ionic gelation method. Box Behnken Design (BBD) 3-factor, 3-level is used to examine the effects of formulation parameters and to enhance the desired responses. Characterization studies include Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) performed to study the quality of optimized nanoparticles. Results: Mathematical equations and response surface plots were used to relate the dependent and independent variables. Diagnostic charts were used to show the varied factor- level permutations. The percentages of entrapment efficiency (% EE) and drug release (% DR) used in evaluation studies of optimized biocompounds of BCAR nanoparticles (OBCARNPs) were determined to be 80.67% and 77.4%, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results showed that chitosan, sodium tripolyphosphate (NaTPP), and BCAR were compatible. Due to chitosan and NaTPP gelation in the case of OBCBANPs, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses have acknowledged the crystalinity. The particle size and zeta potential of the optimized formulation found to be 48.8 nm and 14.1 mV, respectively, indicate the nanoparticles are in the nanorange and possess extreme stability by preventing particle convergence. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) studies reveal that the optimized formulation nanoparticles are spherical in shape, homogeneous, and have little aggregation. The accelerated stability studies showed that the optimized formulation was stable at different temperatures and relative humidity. Conclusion: The stable optimized formulation was prepared, evaluated, and characterized. BBD is employed to optimize the formulation by minimizing the number of experimental runs and enhancing the desired responses. The optimized formulation further needs to investigate the in vivo studies for antiurolithiatic activity by targeting the kidney