A study on functional outcome of posterior cruciate ligament substituted total knee arthroplasty

Background: Total knee replacement surgery is considered as a treatment of choice in patients with advanced arthritis, especially in patients where conservative treatment has been failed. Total knee replacement gives good pain relief, functional improvement of knee and correction of deformity.Methods: This is study of 39 patients following total knee arthroplasty, who were operated between August 2017 and March 2020 at MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy. They were followed up for a minimum period of 1 year and evaluated using oxford knee scoring system. Oxford knee score is designed specifically for measuring outcomes in knee arthroplasty. There were 14 right knees, 10 left knees, 15 bilateral knees.Results: There was a significant functional improvement of knee in patients and we had achieved excellent results, out of 39 patients and 4 patients had post op suprapatellar fullness, which was relieved with medications for 3 weeks and 2 patients (2 knees) without no signs of immediate post-operative period, developed infection after 6 months followed which underwent staged revision total knee replacement. The outcome categories based on oxford knee scoring system: excellent (40-48), good (30-39), fair (20-29) and poor (0-19).Conclusions: It is difficult to balance the knee with retention of posterior cruciate ligament, whereas posterior cruciate ligament substituting total knee replacement gives reproducible and good results, hence it is the preferred mode of management

Improved osteogenic differentiation of umbilical cord blood MSCs using custom made perfusion bioreactor

Background: 3D cell culture is an appropriate method to develop engineered bone tissue, where different bioreactors have been designed to mitigate the challenges in 3D culture. Currently, we tailored a perfusion reactor to witness human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) proliferation and differentiation over polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol (PLA/PEG) composite scaffolds. Methods: The composite scaffolds with different weight ratios of PLA and PEG were prepared using solvent casting-particulate leaching technique. Human umbilcal card blood MSCs were cultured under dynamic and static conditions to elucidate the role of dynamic fluid flow in osteogenesis of MSCs. Results: The human MSCs distribution over the scaffolds was confirmed with fluorescent microscopy. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium mineralization, and collagen formation were found to be higher in PLA90 scaffolds than PLA100 and PLA75. PLA90 scaffolds with better cell adhesion/proliferartion were considered for bioreactor studies and they exhibited enhanced ALP, Ca+2 mineralization and collagen formation under dynamic perfusion than static culture. We further confirmed our observation by looking at expression levels of osteogenic marker (Runx2 and osteonectin) in differentiated MSCs subjected to perfusion culture compared to static culture. Conclusion: The results of the current investigation once again proves that dynamic perfusion cultures improve the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs over hybrid polymer scaffolds (PLA90) for effective bone regeneration. Keywords: 3D cell culture, Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), Fluid flow, Osteogenic differentiatio

A study on functional outcome of posterior cruciate ligament substituted total knee arthroplasty

&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Total knee replacement surgery is considered as a treatment of choice in patients with advanced arthritis, especially in patients where conservative treatment has been failed. Total knee replacement gives good pain relief, functional improvement of knee and correction of deformity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This is study of 39 patients following total knee arthroplasty, who were operated between August 2017 and March 2020 at MNR Medical College and Hospital, Sangareddy. They were followed up for a minimum period of 1 year and evaluated using oxford knee scoring system. Oxford knee score is designed specifically for measuring outcomes in knee arthroplasty. There were 14 right knees, 10 left knees, 15 bilateral knees.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;There was a significant functional improvement of knee in patients and we had achieved excellent results, out of 39 patients and 4 patients had post op suprapatellar fullness, which was relieved with medications for 3 weeks and 2 patients (2 knees) without no signs of immediate post-operative period, developed infection after 6 months followed which underwent staged revision total knee replacement. The outcome categories based on oxford knee scoring system: excellent (40-48), good (30-39), fair (20-29) and poor (0-19).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="abstract"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;It is difficult to balance the knee with retention of posterior cruciate ligament, whereas posterior cruciate ligament substituting total knee replacement gives reproducible and good results, hence it is the preferred mode of management.&lt;/p&gt;</jats:p

Development and Characterization of an In Vitro Round Window Membrane Model for Drug Permeability Evaluations

Hearing loss and balance disorders are highly common disorders, and the development of effective oto-therapeutics remains an area of intense research. Drug development and screening in the hearing research field heavily rely on the use of preclinical models with often ambiguous translational relevance. This often leads to failed advancement in the market of effective therapeutics. In this context, especially for inner ear-specific pathologies, the availability of an in vitro, physiologically relevant, round window membrane (RWM) model could enable rapid, high-throughput screening of potential topical drugs for inner ear and cochlear dysfunctions and could help accelerate the advancement to clinic and market of more viable drug candidates. In this study, we report the development and evaluation of an in vitro model that mimics the native RWM tissue morphology and microenvironment as shown via immunostaining and histological analyses. The developed three-dimensional (3D) in vitro model was additionally assessed for barrier integrity by transepithelial electrical resistance, and the permeability of lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs was determined. Our collective findings suggest that this in vitro model could serve as a tool for rapid development and screening of topically deliverable oto-therapeutics