Comparative Evaluation of the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapy and Conventional Therapy Use for Musculoskeletal Disorders Management and Its Association with Job Satisfaction among Dentists of West India

ABSTRACTMusculoskeletal problems have become a significant issue in the profession of dentistry. There are currently no recommended effective disease-preventing and modifying remedies. High prevalence rates for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among dentists have been reported in the literature. Complementary and alternative medicine can be helpful in managing and preventing the MSDs. The purpose of this study was to determine if dentists in the western part of India are using complementary and alternative medicine therapies for MSDs, and also to find if those who use complementary and alternative medicine therapies have greater job/career satisfaction compared to conventional therapy (CT) users. Dentists of western India registered under the Dental Council of India (N=2166) were recruited for the study. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses and logistic regression. A response rate of 73% (n=1581) was obtained, of which 79% (n=1249) was suffering from MSDs. The use of complementary and alternative medicine or CT was reported by 90% (n=1124) of dentists with MSDs. Dentists using complementary and alternative medicine reported greater health (P<0.001) and carrier satisfaction (P<0.001) and were able to work as many hours they wanted (P<0.001) compared to CT users. Complementary and alternative medicine therapies may improve the quality of life and enhance job satisfaction for a dentist who suffers from MSDs

Accurate location estimation of moving object In Wireless Sensor network

One of the central issues in wirless sensor networks is track the location, of moving object which have overhead of saving data, an accurate estimation of the target location of object with energy constraint .We do not have any mechanism which control and maintain data .The wireless communication bandwidth is also very limited. Some field which is using this technique are flood and typhoon detection, forest fire detection, temperature and humidity and ones we have these information use these information back to a central air conditioning and ventilation. In this research paper, we propose protocol based on the prediction and adaptive based algorithm which is using less sensor node reduced by an accurate estimation of the target location. We had shown that our tracking method performs well in terms of energy saving regardless of mobility pattern of the mobile target. We extends the life time of network with less sensor node. Once a new object is detected, a mobile agent will be initiated to track the roaming path of the object

Non-standard neutrino interactions in light mediator models at reactor experiments

Compared to other neutrino sources, the huge anti-neutrino fluxes at nuclear reactor based experiments empower us to derive stronger bounds on non-standard interactions of neutrinos with electrons mediated by light scalar/vector mediators. At neutrino energy around $200$~keV reactor anti-neutrino flux is at least an order of magnitude larger compared to the solar flux. The atomic and crystal form factors of the detector materials related to the details of the atomic structure becomes relevant at this energy scale as the momentum transfers would be small. Non-standard neutrino-electron interaction mediated by light scalar/vector mediator arises naturally in many low-scale models. We also propose one such new model with a light scalar mediator. Here, we investigate the parameter space of such low-scale models in reactor based neutrino experiments with low threshold Ge and Si detectors, and find the prospect of probing/ruling out the relevant parameter space by finding the projected sensitivity at $90 \%$ confidence level by performing a $\chi^2$-analysis. We find that a detector capable of discriminating between electron recoil and nuclear recoil signal down to a very low threshold such as $5$~eV placed in reactor based experiment would be able to probe a larger region in parameter space compared to the previously explored region. A Ge (Si) detector with $10$~kg-yr exposure and 1 MW reactor anti-neutrino flux would be able to probe the scalar and vector mediators with masses below 1 keV for coupling products $\sqrt{g_\nu g_e}$ $\sim$ $1 \times 10^{-6}~(9.5 \times 10^{-7})$ and $1\times 10^{-7} ~(8\times 10^{-8})$, respectively.Comment: Manuscript is revised, results are unchanged, updated figures, references adde

Mechanism of action of lenalidomide in hematological malignancies

Immunomodulatory drugs lenalidomide and pomalidomide are synthetic compounds derived by modifying the chemical structure of thalidomide to improve its potency and reduce its side effects. Lenalidomide is a 4-amino-glutamyl analogue of thalidomide that lacks the neurologic side effects of sedation and neuropathy and has emerged as a drug with activity against various hematological and solid malignancies. It is approved by FDA for clinical use in myelodysplastic syndromes with deletion of chromosome 5q and multiple myeloma. Lenalidomide has been shown to be an immunomodulator, affecting both cellular and humoral limbs of the immune system. It has also been shown to have anti-angiogenic properties. Newer studies demonstrate its effects on signal transduction that can partly explain its selective efficacy in subsets of MDS. Even though the exact molecular targets of lenalidomide are not well known, its activity across a spectrum of neoplastic conditions highlights the possibility of multiple target sites of action

Micro RNA facilitated chemoresistance in gastric cancer: a novel biomarkers and potential therapeutics

Introduction: In spite of the substantial advances in clinical practice, Gastric cancer (GC) remains the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The incidence of drug resistance remains a hindrance to effective treatment for GC. Although the molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance have broadly studied, the gene regulation and expression mechanisms of miRNA have not entirely understood. Methods: Online databases of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Embase databases were searched to retrieve relevant publications. The following keywords were used: MicroRNA, Noncoding RNA, miRNA, Gastric cancer, drug resistance, and chemoresistance. Results: miRNAs play a pivotal role in the initiation, progression of tumor and metastasis, as well as in the development of pathways mediating resistance to chemotherapy in GC. Unluckily, to date, there is no consistent, reliable biomarker available to predict the response of chemotherapy before the start of the treatment. Discussion: In this review, we would like to provide an overview of the miRNAs and miRNA facilitated chemoresistance machinery in GC to develop a personalized treatment to overcome GC drug resistance

Retrospection of the effect of hydroxyurea treatment in patients with sickle cell disease

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is one of the inherited hemoglobin disorders with substantial morbidity and early mortality. Hydroxyurea is the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medication that has emerged as the primary disease-modifying therapy for SCA. Our purpose is to summarize the available evidence regarding the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and safety of hydroxyurea therapy for the treatment of SCA. The electronic databases PubMed and Embase were searched from their starting dates to May 31, 2016. Databases were searched using the following terms: sickle cell, hydroxyurea, nitric oxide, dosing, therapeutic, and safety monitoring. Hydroxyurea therapy may cause severe myelosuppression when used in patients with SCA. SCA patients are initially treated with hydroxyurea at 10 or 20 mg/kg, and then the dose- is escalated to mild myelosuppression using a standardized regimen. Routine blood monitoring should be performed while the patient receives hydroxyurea treatment. Hydroxyurea can increase fetal hemoglobin (HbF) level and ameliorate some of the vascular symptoms in patients with SCA. Hydroxyurea therapy may help to avoid frequent hospitalizations, especially in patients with vaso-occlusive crisis. Taken together, available evidence suggests that hydroxyurea represents an inexpensive and effective treatment option that should be offered to patients with SCA

Optimiranje uvjeta uzgoja radi povećanja biomase lišaja Usnea ghattensis G. Awasthi i stvaranja veće količine metabolita s antioksidacijskim svojstvima

The aim of this study is to optimize the culture conditions for lichen Usnea ghattensis G. Awasthi in order to increase biomass and antioxidant metabolite production. The cultured lichen consisted of usnic acid produced by mycobionts and photobionts after 2 to 3 months of inoculation. Cultures grown in the media with excess carbon sources showed significant increment in the biomass growth, usnic acid production and total polyphenol mass fraction after six months of inoculation. The methanol extract of six-month-old cultures grown in the malt-yeast extract (MYE) medium containing 0.01 mol/L of sucrose and 0.01 mol/L of polyethylene glycol showed a significantly high inhibition of lipid peroxidation activity up to 89 %. A significant correlation (R^2=0.89) of p<0.01 was also found between total polyphenol mass fraction and the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in this lichen species.Svrha je ovog istraživanja bila optimirati uvjete uzgoja radi povećanja biomase lišaja Usnea ghatteniss G. Awasthi i dobivanja veće količine metabolita koji imaju antioksidativni učinak. Uzgojeni je lišaj (simbiont alge i gljive) ispitan 2-3 mjeseca nakon inokulacije te je utvrđeno da sadrži usninsku kiselinu. Također je ustanovljeno da je uzgojem na podlozi s povećanim udjelom ugljikovih spojeva tijekom 6 mjeseci dobivena kudikamo veća biomasa lišaja s većim masenim udjelima usninske kiseline i ukupnih polifenola. Ispitani metanolni ekstrakt kultura dobivenih šestomjesečnim uzgojem na podlozi od maltoznog i kvaščeva ekstrakta s dodatkom 0,01 mol/L saharoze i 0,01 mol/L polietilenglikola znatno je inhibirao peroksidaciju lipida, čak i do 89 %. Utvrđena je značajna pozitivna korelacija (R^2=0,89; p<0,01) između masenog udjela ukupnih polifenola u ispitanoj vrsti lišaja i inhibicije lipidne peroksidacije

BCG and beyond: unlocking new frontiers in TB vaccine development

With over 10 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths annually, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant worldwide health-burden. To assist in curbing the spread of TB, the century-old BCG, which is a live-attenuated vaccine, is now the only licensed TB vaccine used in humans. However, BCG’s limited efficacy and poor antigenicity in adults have evoked the need to design new vaccines against TB. The limited parameter is the availability of potent antigens; as a consequence, it is imperative to study the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific antigens that can provide a stronger immune response if included in vaccine candidates. Through this review, we aim to concentrate on the progress of current vaccine-candidates undergoing preclinical and clinical-studies. Moreover, it is not the pathogen but the genetics of the host that plays an essential role in fine tuning the immune-response and susceptibility to TB. Over the past 50 years, a systematic approach to treating TB patients has overlooked factors like pharmacokinetics, immune-response, and treatment duration. Henceforth, this review highlights the precision medicine-guided approach considering genetic makeup and host immunity that could influence clinical management choices. The consolidated review will shed light on advancements in vaccine-candidates, which can be harnessed in prophylactic development against TB

Capsaicinoids Content of Some Indigenous Capsicum Varieties of Assam, India

Seven indigenous varieties of capsicum belonging to five different species available locally in Assam were collected and evaluated for capsaicinoids content with a view to assess their relative potency and/or hotness in order to ensure the functional as well as the nutritional quality of capsicum. These include Capsicum annum (Jati Jolokia), Capsicum baccatum (Ohm Jolokia), Capsicum chinense (Bhut Jolokia), Capsicum frutescens (Dhan Jolokia, Maam Jolokia, Totta Bias) and Capsicum pubescens (Bhikue Jolokia). The word Jolokia usually refers to the vernacular (Assamese) name of capsicum or chilli that is often used just after the particular local name of the capsicum variety as mentioned above by the local people of Assam. Results indicate that Bhut Jolokia (Capsicum chinense) and Dhan Jolokia (Capsicum frutescens) possess comparatively higher amount of capsaicinoids (&gt;2%) than other varieties of capsicum. The capsaicinoids content of Bhut Jolokia (2.45%) was still higher than that of Dhan Jolokia (2.14%). Different varieties of capsicum with decreasing order of their capsaicinoids content are as follows: Bhut Jolokia (2.45%) &gt; Dhan Jolokia (2.14%) &gt; Maam Jolokia (1.38%) &gt; Bhikue Jolokia (0.92) &gt; Ohm Jolokia (0.67%) &gt; Jati Jolokia (0.51%) &gt; Totta bias (0.25%). It is very interesting that in addition to Bhut Jolokia, the hottest capsicum of the world, another potential and hot capsicum variety i.e., Dhan Jolokia has been evolved. However, our present study was an attempt to identify such potential and hot capsicum varieties available locally in Assam for the production of capsaicinoids at large in order to meet the increasing demand of capsicum or capsaicinoids in the global market. Furthermore, large scale cultivation and proper utilization of these indigenous capsicum varieties will help improve the agricultural economy of the state and the country as a whole. Keywords: indigenous, Bhut Jolokia, Dhan Jolokia, capsaicioids, climatic condition, capsaici